Synthesized magnetic nanoparticles coated zeolite for the adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous solution using batch and column studies

The contamination of fresh water with pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) has risen during the last few years. The adsorption of some PPCPs namely, Diclofenac-Na, Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen from aqueous solution has been studied, magnetic nanoparticles coated zeolite (MNCZ) has been used as the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted to study the influences of different adsorption parameters such as contact time, solution pH and PPCPs concentrations in order to optimize the reaction conditions. The removal was favored at low pH values. Thus, as pH turns from acidic to basic conditions these compounds were less efficiently removed. The initial concentration does not appear to exert a noticeable effect on the removal efficiency of the studied PPCPs at low concentrations, but it showed less removal efficiency during high concentration of PPCPs especially for Ibuprofen. The removal of Diclofenac-Na was independent on time, while the contact time was of significant effect on the adsorption of Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen even though these compounds were removed up to 95% during 10 min using MNCZ. From the isotherm adsorption study, the adsorption of PPCPs studied on MNCZ was best fitted with Freundlich isotherm equation. Pseudo-second order model providing the best fit model with the experimental data. Column adsorption study was conducted to compare the removal efficiency of MNCZ with other processes used at drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), MNCZ showed high removal efficiency (>99%) than other used processes at DWTPs.     

NanoChem分子筛对高氨氮废水去除效果的研究

采用新型的离子吸附交换材料NanoChem分子筛,研究对高浓度氨氮的模拟废水和实际垃圾渗滤液的去除效果.结果显示,氨氮吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温线,其中单位NanoChem分子筛吸附氨氮饱和浓度以N计算为364 mg.g-1,对高浓度氨氮的吸附能力比天然沸石或者微孔分子筛强3～30倍.在间歇实验中考察了操作参数对氨氮去除的影响,NanoChem分子筛20 h后基本达到离子交换平衡;氨氮去除量随着初始浓度的增加而增加,而去除率则随着初始浓度的增加而减少;同时溶液初始pH值不但影响氨氮去除率还影响离子交换特性;再生前后氨氮去除效果变化不大,重复性强.动态连续流研究发现NanoChem分子筛能用于实际高浓度氨氮废水的去除,去除率可达到100%.     

Advanced regeneration and fixed-bed study of ammonium and potassium removal from anaerobic digested wastewater by natural zeolite

Highly efficient regeneration of natural zeolite was developed in conjunction with the removal of high concentrations of ammonia and potassium from the reverse osmosis effluent of anaerobic-digested wastewater by fixed-bed ion exchange.The elution and uptake behavior of ammonium and potassium in the fixed bed were studied.Both batch desorption tests and on-column regeneration were conducted to develop an optimum regeneration condition compatible with the wastewater requirements.The effectiveness of ammonium elution increased with increasing alkaline concentration.The increase of salt dose significantly enhanced the ammonium maximum in the elution solution.Complete ammonium elution was achieved in 6 bed volumes(BV) when the alkaline and salt concentrations were respectively 0.1 mol/L and 18.6 g/L at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 BV/hr.Due to the higher affinity of potassium with natural clinoptilolite,complete potassium elution was not achieved in all cases.     

Cationic dye adsorption onto natural and synthetic zeolites in the presence of Cs+ and Sr2+ ions

Adsorption of diazine dye safranine O (SO) in the presence of Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions was investigated onto natural and synthetic zeolites in order to predict competition of cationic organic species with their radionuclides, which are the main fission products released into the environment. Adsorption of SO was measured up to the 40th day and the surface-diffusion coefficients (D_s) were estimated by applying Nernst–Planck approximation based on a homogeneous-surface-diffusion model. The values of D_s were 10 times higher on natural zeolite than those of synthesized zeolite from fly ash (FA) under hydrothermal conditions. Similarly, distribution coefficients (K_D) were considerably higher on the clinoptilolite-type natural zeolite. The zeolitized product of FA is mainly composed of analcime and sodalite. SO adsorption on natural zeolite was not influenced by Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions, but it decreased at high concentrations on synthetic zeolite. The higher influence of the Sr²⁺ ions on SO⁺ adsorption showed that they compete with each other for the same adsorption sites. These results suggested that natural zeolite cannot be used for remediation of wastewater polluted with Cs and Sr radionuclides in the presence of organic cations, whilst FA zeolite has a potential for Sr removal.     

VOCs和水在Y型分子筛表面的竞争吸附

采用水热处理方法合成了具有不同硅铝比的超稳Y型分子筛,考察了苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯和乙酸乙酯与水在Y分子筛表面的竞争吸附。结果表明,随着Si/Al比的增加,Y分子筛表面的有机分子选择性吸附位数量增加,有机分子竞争吸附能力增加。低硅Y型分子筛只有在吸附偶极距>1.0的高极性有机分子时才能与水分子产生有力的竞争吸附,而高硅超稳Y分子筛则对偶极距在0～0.5范围的有机分子就表现出很强的竞争吸附能力。     

天然沸石对土壤镉及番茄生物量的影响

为了探索沸石对轻度镉污染土壤的修复效果及对番茄生长的影响,利用盆栽试验研究了不同沸石添加量及不同沸石粒级等因素对不同生长时期番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植株生物量、果实产量和土壤镉质量分数的影响。结果表明,添加沸石均不同程度地提高不同生长期番茄地上部生物量和果实产量;每千克土壤添加10 g的大粒级（MX）沸石使得土壤全镉和有效镉增加最多,同时也使番茄果实增产最多,每千克土壤添加18 g的小粒级（MN）沸石使得土壤全镉质量分数有所降低,土壤有效镉质量分数增加最少,同时也可使番茄果实增产42.9%以上。小粒级（MN）沸石为削减土壤重金属镉的最佳沸石粒级,18 g.kg-1为削减土壤重金属镉的最佳沸石添加量。     

天然沸石吸附氨氮的影响因素

对比研究了沸石对生活污水和人工配制氯化铵溶液中氨氮的吸附特性,考察了沸石投加量、反应时间、悬浮物、阳离子和阴离子对沸石吸附氨氮的影响。结果表明,沸石对生活污水中氨氮的吸附能力明显低于人工配制氯化铵溶液,氨氮去除率随着沸石投加量的增加而增加,但单位质量沸石的氨氮吸附量却随之减小,吸附过程呈现快速吸附,缓慢平衡的特点。生活污水中悬浮物的存在,会削减沸石对氨氮的吸附能力。不同类型的阳离子和阴离子的加入都能导致人工配制氯化铵溶液中氨氮在沸石上的吸附量存在差异。阳离子的影响趋势主要为价态的影响,即价态越高,对氨氮吸附阻碍作用越显著,当阳离子当量浓度〉2meq／L时,影响吸附强弱的顺序为Ca2＋〉Mg2＋ 〉Na＋;阴离子影响沸石吸附强弱的顺序受初始氨氮的浓度影响较大。Langmuir等温方程式较Freundich、DubininRadushkevich、KobleCorrigan和Temkin等温方程式更好地描述沸石吸附氨氮的行为。     

负载硝酸盐有机改性沸石抑制底泥氮磷释放的效果及机制研究

通过摇床振荡试验研究,考察HDTMA有机改性沸石对硝态氮的吸附-解吸特性及对磷酸盐和氨氮的吸附特性,再通过模拟释放试验考察负载硝酸盐HDTMA有机改性沸石对底泥氮磷释放的影响.结果表明:①有机改性沸石吸附硝态氮的最佳HDTMA负载量为276?EC.Langmuir公式能较好地描述有机改性沸石对硝态氮的吸附行为,饱和单位吸附量达到1 724mg/kg,并且有机改性沸石对硝态氮的吸附速率较快.有机改性沸石吸附硝态氮之后一定条件下又会逐渐释放出来,并且吸附的硝态氮越多,硝态氮的解吸量越大.Langmuir公式能较好地描述负载硝态氮之后有机改性沸石对磷和氨氮的吸附行为,且对氨氮的理论吸附量为12.0 mg/g以及对磷的理论吸附量为O.597 mg/g.②采用有机改性沸石负载硝酸盐可以较长时间地向表层底泥提供硝态氮,并且大大减低了进入上覆水的硝态氮比例.硝酸盐负载型有机改性沸石不仅可以有效控制底泥磷的释放,而且可以控制底泥氨氮的释放.     

三种无机改性粘性土防渗衬里性能研究

利用三种无机材料沸石、粉煤灰、石灰对目前常用的粉质粘土+膨润土进行改性,以新鲜垃圾渗滤液作为渗透液,从防渗衬里的渗透系数以及对污染物的衰减能力方面进行了对比实验,对三种无机改性防渗衬里的性能进行了研究。实验结果表明:(1)石灰改性的防渗衬里防渗效果最好,其渗透系数能保持在10-8～10-9cm/s;沸石和粉煤灰改性的防渗衬里渗透系数也能达到10-8cm/s,并且随着实验的进行,渗透系数有所下降;(2)改性后的粘性土防渗衬里对污染质的衰减能力强于改性前:其COD的平均衰减百分比由改性前的68.25%分别升高到72.47%、86.94%和89.64%;对三氮的衰减百分比均有提高;对总铁平均衰减百分比为90%以上,对镉、锌也都表现出良好的去除效果。     

污泥焚烧残渣水热合成NaPl型沸石和水钙沸石的性质研究

本文以污泥焚烧残渣为原料,以传统水热合成方法制得NaPl型沸石和水钙沸石,并对其相关指标进行表征．经x射线衍射、扫描电镜和红外光谱测定表明,制得的产物为无其它杂晶生成的NaPl型沸石和水钙沸石,且具有放射束片状晶体形貌和沸石骨架结构．与原污泥焚烧残渣相比,合成沸石的比表面积和阳离子交换容量提高了47倍、17倍,分别达到...