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21.
22.
全氟辛烷磺酸盐在天然水体沉积物中的吸附-解吸行为 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
通过平衡振荡试验,探讨了沉积物的理化性质(总有机碳含量、粒度、阳离子交换容量、比表面积)、离子强度和pH值对全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)吸附-解吸行为的影响.结果表明,在中性环境中PFOS在水和沉积物中有机质之间的分配作用是影响其吸附行为的重要机制,分配系数Kd与沉积物中总有机碳含量呈显著正相关(r=0.96,p<0.01,n=15).随着离子强度的增加,盯OS在沉积物中的吸附量明显增大,解吸滞后现象更加明显.pH的影响在酸性和碱性条件下(pH 4~8.5)呈现出不同的特点,在酸性条件下随pH值增加,PFOS在沉积物中的吸附量减少;在pH接近中性时达到最小值;在碱性条件下随pH增加,吸附量增加. 相似文献
23.
沈阳市降雪中PFOS和PFOA污染现状调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过调查降雪中PFOS和PFOA的浓度,阐明了沈阳市大气中PFOS和PFOA的污染状况和污染规律.2006-02-06采集沈阳市区和郊区共计36个采样点的降雪样品,2006-02-25在其中5个采样点再次采集降雪样品.固相萃取融雪水中的PFOS和PFOA,利用LC-MS-SIM法测定样品中PFOS和PFOA浓度.全部样品中均检出PFOS和PFOA.2006-02-06降雪中PFOS和PFOA的浓度几何平均值分别为2.0 ng·L-1(范围:0.4~46.2 ng·L-1)和3.6 ng·L-1(范围:1.6~22.4 ng·L-1),95%置信区间分别为1.5~2.8 ng·L-1和3.1~4.2 ng·L-1.PFOS和PFOA的最高浓度同时出现在郊区采样点朱尔屯,市中心区2种物质的浓度呈显著正相关.2006-02-25的5个采样点降雪中PFOS和PFOA的浓度几何平均值均为2.2 ng·L-1.2次降雪中PFOS浓度差异不显著,2006-02-25降雪中PFOA浓度高于2006-02-06.结果表明,沈阳市区和郊区降雪中广泛存在PFOS和PFOA污染,局部区域可能存在共同的PFOS和PFOA污染来源;沈阳地区有较稳定的PFOS来源持续向大气中输送该类物质;PFOS和PFOA的环境行为可能不同. 相似文献
24.
Fe3O4纳米磁性微粒对全氟辛烷磺酸盐的吸附 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
采用共沉淀法合成Fe3O4纳米磁性颗粒,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及振动样品磁强计(VSM)对Fe3O4纳米磁性颗粒的粒径、形貌和磁性进行表征并研究Fe3O4纳米磁性微粒对全氟辛磺酸盐的吸附。结果表明:在PFOS初始浓度4 mg/L,pH为3,反应时间24 h,Fe3O4纳米磁性微粒投加量1.25 g/L,对全氟辛磺酸盐去除率达到90%。Fe3O4纳米磁性微粒对PFOS的吸附符合Freundlich吸附方程。 相似文献
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26.
滇池烷基苯磺酸钠的分布,降解及对鲤鱼的危害效应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究表明滇池水中LAS含量为0.018~0.029mg/l,局部水域达0.2~0.7mg/l;ABS强烈地吸附在底质中,以湖体呈曲线分布,平均含量高达0.43mg/kg,16h内LAS动态降解率比静态降解率高2.2倍,不同浓度的LAS对滇池鲤鱼的结果表明,5~35mg/l浓度水中,溶解氧下降,pH值升高,产生急性危害效应,半致死浓度48TL50为3.0mg/l,完全浓度为0.3mg/l。当LAS含 相似文献
27.
Sediment-water distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in Yangtze River Estuary 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Analysis of Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) distribution in water and sediment in Yangtze River Estuary showed that the estuary was a sink for PFOS. Salinity was an important parameter in controlling the sediment-water interactions and the fate or transport of PFOS in the aquatic environment. As the salinity (S‰) increased from 0.18 to 3.31, the distribution coefficient (Kd) between sediment and water linearly increased from 0.76 to 4.70 L g−1. The study suggests that PFOS may be carried with the river water and transported for long distances before it reaches to the sea and largely scavenged to the sediment in the estuaries due to the dramatic change in salinity. 相似文献
28.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a globally distributed persistent organic pollutant that has been found to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in aquatic food webs. Although principally in its linear isomeric configuration, 21–35% of the PFOS manufactured via electrochemical fluorination is produced as a branched structural isomer. PFOS isomer patterns were investigated in multiple tissues of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from East Greenland. The liver (n = 9), blood (n = 19), brain (n = 16), muscle (n = 5), and adipose (n = 5) were analyzed for linear PFOS (n-PFOS), as well as multiple mono- and di-trifluoromethyl-substituted branched isomers. n-PFOS accounted for 93.0 ± 0.5% of Σ-PFOS isomer concentrations in the liver, whereas the proportion was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the blood (85.4 ± 0.5%). Branched isomers were quantifiable in the liver and blood, but not in the brain, muscle, or adipose. In both the liver and blood, 6-perfluoromethylheptane sulfonate (P6MHpS) was the dominant branched isomer (2.61 ± 0.10%, and 3.26 ± 0.13% of Σ-PFOS concentrations, respectively). No di-trifluoromethyl-substituted isomers were detectable in any of the tissues analyzed. These tissue-specific isomer patterns suggest isomer-specific pharmacokinetics, perhaps due to differences in protein affinities, and thus differences in protein interactions, as well transport, absorption, and/or metabolism in the body. 相似文献
29.
Somrutai Poothong Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon Narin Boontanon 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(10):830-835
This research aimed to optimize the extraction method parameters for sample pretreatment and determine the levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) contamination in food packaging made of paper. Techniques used were pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Influence parameters of PLE were carefully evaluated for extracted concentration of samples in low level (ng g?1). The study found that the optimal conditions for PLE were 30 min static extraction time with a flush volume of 100% cell volume and one extraction cycle at 80°C and 1,000 psi. The extraction technique validated the absolute recovery from PFOS and PFOA fortified control samples at three different levels (5, 50, and 200 ng g?1), with seven repeats at each fortification level. The average recoveries were 79% or higher, with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 11%. Optimization of the PLE method was established based on recovery data, accuracy, precision, and repeatability of the method. Using optimal PLE technique, PFOS and PFOA were extracted from 34 food-packaging samples collected in Thailand. PFOS and PFOA were detected in all kinds of collected samples, with average concentrations of 4.89 and 2.87 ng g?1, respectively. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were highest in fast-food container samples: 36.99 and 9.99 ng g?1, respectively. 相似文献
30.
A rapid and high-throughput quantum dots bioassay for monitoring of perfluorooctane sulfonate in environmental water samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhang J Wan Y Li Y Zhang Q Xu S Zhu H Shu B 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1348-1353
Currently HPLC/MS is the state of the art tool for environmental/drinking water perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) monitoring. PFOS can bind to peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα), which forms heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and binds to PPAR response elements. In this bioassay free PFOS in water samples competes with immobilized PFOS in ELISA plates for a given amount of PPARα-RXRα. It can be determined indirectly by immobilizing PPARα-RXRα-PFOS complex to another plate coated with PPARα antibody and subsequent measuring the level of PPARα-RXRα by using biotin-modified PPARα-RXRα probes-quantum dots-streptavidin detection system. The rapid and high-throughput bioassay demonstrated a detection limit of 2.5 ng L−1 with linear range between 2.5 ng L−1 and 75 ng L−1. Detection results of environmental water samples were highly consistent between the bioassay and HPLC/MS. 相似文献