Balancing durability and environmental impact in concrete combining low-grade recycled aggregates and mineral admixtures

This paper investigated the effect of various amounts of low-grade recycled aggregates in concrete containing mineral admixtures at three different water-binder ratios on mechanical and environmental performance. The balance between durability and environmental impact for a given strength level similar to normal-use concrete was also examined using analytic hierarchy process. Results showed that increasing the water-binder ratio and volume of recycled aggregates reduced compressive strength and increased air permeability and drying shrinkage relative to normal aggregates. However, compared to normal-use concrete similar or better performance could be achieved, which was attributed to improvement of low-grade recycled aggregate performance when combined with fly ash. Similarly, CO₂ emissions and volume of raw materials were lower than the normal-use concrete for all mixes. Concrete mixes with low air permeability and low CO₂ footprint had the best balance of durability and environmental impact, as decreasing raw material volume tended to more greatly reduce durability.     

事故树分析系统设计与老空区透水分析

通过计算机编程,开发了事故树分析系统,可以方便、准确地进行事故树分析计算,规范地绘制事故树图形,提高了事故分析的速度和质量;利用该系统,对老空区积水透水事故进行事故树分析,并根据分析结果,提出了该类透水事故的预防方案。     

Polymer Barrier Films

Many polymers such as polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene), poly(vinyl chloride), aliphatic polyamides, poly(ethylene terephthalate), polycarbonate, and others are used as protective barrier films against the mass transport of small molecules of gases, vapors, and liquids (known as diffusates, permeants) in different applications. The barrier properties depend on the polymer characteristics such as solubility, diffusion, permeability, and others, the nature of the fluid, temperature, and other factors. Mainly polymer barrier film application in packaging, construction, and agriculture are discussed.     

生物膜对饱和多孔介质渗透性影响的实验和模型研究

为了解微生物生长过程中生物堵塞对二维饱和多孔介质渗透性的影响,采用C190石英砂箱(55 cm×45 cm×1.28 cm)进行室内渗流实验,研究混合菌群KB-1在充足营养源条件下的生长情况及生物膜对饱和多孔介质渗透性的影响.实验监测了砂箱水溶液中悬浮生物量及颗粒表面附着生物量,利用共焦激光扫描技术观测了颗粒表面形成的...     

地下水除草剂阿特拉津污染微生物治理的实验研究

采用了从农药厂阿特拉津生产车间排污口污泥中分离出的菌种AT菌,进行了农药阿特拉津的静态降解实验及其污染地下水的微生物治理模拟实验研究结果表明,AT菌在pH值为5.0～10.0时对农药污染质阿特拉津均具有降解能力,且适宜的pH值范围为6.5～8.0;在实验条件(t=10℃,pH=7.5)与野外含水层的条件基本一致情况下,难于生物降解的污染质阿特拉津的一次投菌降解率达到31.08%;同时环境因素也随着AT菌作用的变化而变化,其中,DO、pH随AT菌作用加强而其值减小.另外,设计了细菌的投放方式以模拟野外条件下的菌种投加条件.并且AT菌的作用会造成被治理含水层的渗透性能降低,实验后含水层的渗透系数下降60.54%.清水冲洗10d的渗透性恢复率为48.96%,说明清水渗透恢复的方法效果明显.     

深孔预裂爆破对含坚硬顶板高瓦斯煤层的综合作用研究

为研究深孔预裂爆破技术在含坚硬顶板高瓦斯煤层开采中的应用,以顾桥矿1123(1)工作面坚硬顶板为研究对象,基于小挠度理论建立了坚硬顶板垮落力学模型,导出了初次来压步距计算式;综合考虑瓦斯抽采需要,对深孔预裂爆破孔进行了优化设计,并在工作面顶板中开展了现场试验研究。结果表明:在工作面推进至27.3m时出现垮落,爆破后钻孔瓦斯流量显著增加,部分提高至30倍以上,瓦斯抽采量提高了3.5倍,初采期间安全回采煤炭25万吨,实现了坚硬顶板控制和卸压增透双重作用。     

模拟酸雨对葡萄叶片和花粉的影响

以巨峰葡萄为试材,研究了模拟酸雨对叶片和花粉的影响,结果表明：（１） 经ｐＨ２ ．５ 和ｐＨ２ ．０ 的酸雨处理后叶片在短期内均出现不同程度的可见性受害伤斑,叶绿素含量和净光合速率下降．（２） 酸雨使叶片ＳＯＤ活性及不饱和脂肪酸指数（ＩＵＦＡ）下降,膜脂过氧化产物ＭＤＡ 含量及细胞膜透性显著增加,并且这些指标的变化与酸雨ｐＨ值有显著的相关性．（３）叶片对酸雨处理引起的生理伤害有一定的自我修复功能．（４） 酸雨对叶片的生长和花粉发芽有明显的抑制作用     

煤田火区塌陷区渗透系数分布研究

通过分析煤田火区地表下沉量和破碎岩块孔隙率的关系,对地表下沉量进行测量,分析计算得到火区破碎岩块孔隙率的分布方程。在实验室中测量不同孔隙率破碎岩块的渗透系数,拟合建立渗透系数和孔隙率的关系方程,利用求得的关系方程和通过地表下沉量测量法得到的孔隙率分布方程,求得煤田火区塌陷区破碎岩块的渗透系数分布方程。     

冲击载荷下各向异性煤体渗透-应力敏感性试验研究*

为揭示冲击煤样渗透率的变化规律,通过立式分离式霍普金森（SHPB）冲击装置对不同层理方向煤样进行动态冲击,进而采用渗透仪对冲击后的煤样进行渗透率测试,分析不同冲击荷载下煤岩的渗透率及应力敏感性。结果表明:冲击煤样的渗透率远大于原煤样品,冲击载荷越大,渗透率越大;在相同的冲击载荷和气体压力下,平行于层理方向的煤样渗透率最大,其次是斜交45°层理方向的煤样渗透率,垂直于层理方向的煤样渗透率最小;渗透率受有效应力影响显著;在冲击荷载的作用下,垂直于层理方向煤样渗透率的变化率对孔隙压力更为敏感。     

Promotion of hexadecyltrimethyleamine bromide to the damage of Alexandrium sp. LC3 by cupric glutamate

The effect of hexadecyltrimethyleamine bromide （HDTMAB） on the removal of A lexandrium sp. LC3 under cupric glutamate stress was investigated. Toxic effect of cupric glutamate on A lexandrium sp. LC3 was significantly promoted in the presence of HDTMAB, especially at 3.0 cmc of HDTMAB. It was found that the sulfhydryl group content of the cell decreased, while the malonaldehyde content and membrane permeability increased when A lexandrium sp. LC3 was treated with HDTMAB and cupric glutamate complex, compared with cupric glutamate alone. The data suggest that HDTMAB might stimulate the damage of A lexandrium sp. LC3 by enhancing the membrane permeability.