改良型DE氧化沟工艺的除磷脱氮分析

新都污水处理厂所采取的改良型DE氧化沟经工程实践证明效果较好,针对该处理工艺流程和DE氧化沟自身的改进进行了分析,总结了为强化脱氮除磷进行改良的经验。     

反应温度对自热式高温好氧消化(ATAD)中试系统运行的影响

城市污水污泥是城市污水处理厂的副产物,需要稳定化处理。本试验设计了由2个圆罐串联的自热式高温好氧消化中试系统处理城市污水污泥。通过批式试验探讨反应器温度对污泥稳定化处理效果的影响,以及影响反应器自升温的因素。试验发现①反应温度对挥发性的有机物的去除有显著影响,反应温度越高,VSS去除率越高。②影响反应温度的主要因素有进泥浓度、消化时间和曝气量。当进泥的VSS浓度为37.2g/L时,ATAD反应器最高温度可到49℃,只需14～17d的消化时间VSS的去除率可达到41.7%,污泥能达到稳定化。     

倒置A2/O工艺生物脱氮除磷原理及其生产应用

在阐述倒置A2O工艺技术原理的基础上,对倒置A2O工艺在实际生产中的应用及其脱氮除磷处理效果进行分析,实际生产应用结果表明,倒置A2O工艺是适合我国城市污水实际情况,具有简捷、高效特点的城市污水生物脱氮除磷新工艺。     

污水生物除磷研究进展

水体富营养化是世界性难题,其中磷通常是主要限制因子.生物除磷工艺简单,污泥产量少,可节约能源,运行费用也较低,便于操作和磷的回收.在介绍水体中磷的来源、污染特点及其造成危害的基础上,着重综述了国内外生物除磷的研究进展,并对生物除磷存在的问题和发展趋势提出了一些看法.     

废锌锰电池真空蒸馏法去除汞的研究

废锌锰电池回收利用中的正交实验,研究蒸馏温度、系统压强和蒸馏时间对去除汞的综合影响;寻找去除汞的最优工艺条件.根据实验结果,使用真空蒸馏的方法处理锌锰电池优化的工艺参数为:蒸馏温度500～600℃,蒸馏时间60～80 min,系统压强3000～7000 Pa.     

连续流间歇曝气氧化沟处理生活污水脱氮除磷研究

为了提高低C/N(3.0～3.5)生活污水的脱氮除磷效率,对设置选择池和厌氧池的氧化沟工艺采用了微孔曝气加搅拌的实验方式和连续流间歇曝气的运行方式,通过对总循环周期(tc)、曝气率(fa)以及出水稳定性的分析讨论,得出TN负荷在0.02 kg N/kg MLSS·d下,控制氧化沟曝气时间与总停留时间比在40%左右时,能实现80%以上的除氮率和35%以上的除磷率.与连续曝气氧化沟相比,不仅出水水质更好,而且节省能量.     

SBR工艺脱氮设计的研究

SBR工艺在有效去除水中有机物的同时,兼顾脱氮除磷,不需要新增反应器,是一种高效、经济、管理简便,适用于中小水量的水处理工艺。该工艺的脱氮设计目前尚无一套完整的,公认的设计方法,本研究介绍了一种SBR工艺处理含氮污水的脱氮设计方法(如生物过程设计、水力设计),从而确定SBR工艺中的相关关键设计参数。     

Nitrification in a vertically moving biofilm system

A laboratory continuous feed biofilm reactor, comprising a bulk fluid reactor, a biofilm plastic module, a feed tank, and pneumatic devices and controls, was operated for a total period of 257 days, including seeding time, to treat domestic-strength synthetic wastewater under increasing ammonium nitrogen (NH(4)(+)--N) loading rates, ranging from 0.17+/-0.01 (0.71+/-0.06 gm(-2)d(-1)) to 0.70+/-0.02 kgm(-3)d(-1) (2.9+/-0.1 gm(-2)d(-1)). The biofilm plastic module was moved vertically in and out of the wastewater in continuous cycles. The maximum NH(4)(+)-N removal rate was reached during the maximum loading phase, when a NH(4)(+)--N loading rate of 0.70+/-0.02 kgm(-3)d(-1) (2.9+/-0.1 gm(-2)d(-1)) was applied to the system. During this loading period, the average NH(4)(+)--N removal rate was 0.30+/-0.10 kgm(-3)d(-1) (1.30+/-0.40 gm(-2)d(-1)).     

Optimization of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of copper, lead and cadmium in natural waters and simulated wastewater

Chemical, electrochemical and flow variables were optimized to examine the effectiveness of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of copper, lead and cadmium. The electrochemical process, which uses electrodes of commercial laminate steel, was applied to simulated wastewater containing 12 mg dm(-3) of copper, 4 mg dm(-3) of lead and 4 mg dm(-3) of cadmium. The optimum conditions for the process were identified as pH=7, flow rate=6.3 cm(3) min(-1) and a current density between 31 and 54 A m(-2). When the electrode geometric area and time of electrolysis reached critical values, the copper removal reached a maximum value of 80%. A linear relationship was identified between the current density and the mass of generated sludge. In addition, a linear relationship was found between specific energy consumption and current density. The results of this investigation provide important data for the development of an industrial-scale electrolytic reactor.     

城市污泥中铜锌的化学形态及其去除

利用连续提取法研究了城市污泥中铜和锌的化学形态,结果表明:污泥中铜和锌都以稳定性较好的硫化物及有机结合物、残渣态形式存在,生物毒性较小,通过适当处理后可以安全加以利用;在此基础上,研究了利用乙酸和双氧水去除污泥中铜和锌的适宜工艺条件,结果表明:在室温条件下,在pH值为4的环境中,利用添加H_2O_2的浓度为2mol/L的乙酸溶液,反应时间为4h,就可以将污泥中超过95%以上的铜和锌淋滤去除。