防火树种阻火特性的实验研究

以木荷作为防火树种 ,首先利用热重装置分别研究了其树干和枝叶的热解失重过程 ,从得到的热重曲线TG、DTG中发现 ,伴随着温度的升高 ,试样发生了三次失重高峰 ,并且 5 0 0℃时的残留物不及其初始重量的 10 %。然后在燃料床上以松针为燃料 ,分别模拟了 2 0°和 30°等小坡度情况下地表火的蔓延过程 ,通过分析热电偶记录下来的温度场分布 ,研究了火蔓延过程中防火树种在火焰和坡度作用下的阻火特性和阻火机理 ,结合其热解特性的研究 ,论证了水分析出是防火树种发挥阻火性能的关键因素 ,得到一些对生物防火技术研究有用的结论 ,为更好的利用和发展生物防火技术来预防和控制大规模森林火灾提供了理论基础。     

最小生成树算法及其应用

Kruskal算法和Prim算法是求最小生成树的常用算法,文中设计了这两种算法的C语言程序,并通过实例说明了算法的应用.     

基于决策树的土壤Zn含量预测

以浙江省富阳市为研究区域,基于184个土壤表层(0～20 cm)样点的Zn浓度数据（根据背景值划分为G1、G2、G3、G4和G5共5个层次）,并结合土壤类型、pH值、有机质、农业用地方式、工矿企业类型、道路和农村居民点等环境因子,采用CART方法挖掘Zn在土壤中的累积规则.利用获得的规则预测剩余41个土壤样点的Zn浓度,并进行精度评价.结果表明,采用CART方法获得的结果比普通Kriging插值方法获得的结果总精度提高了21.95%,在G2和G5层次上模拟精度相差不大,但在G1、G3和G4层次上前者明显高于后者.研究还表明,工矿企业类型在区分土壤Zn含量高低(G1、G2和G3、G4、G5)层次上起主要作用,G1和G2之间,G3、G4和G5之间的土壤Zn含量与pH值、土壤类型和土地利用方式有关.     

易燃液化气体罐区火灾爆炸事故故障树分析

采用故障树分析法对易燃液化气体罐区的火灾爆炸事故进行了分析,提出了针对性预防对策。     

Heavy metal accumulation by panicled goldenrain tree （Koelreuteria paniculata） and common elaeocarpus （Elaeocarpus decipens） in abandoned mine soils in southern China

Phytoremediation can be used as a sustainable technology for mine spoil remediation to remove heavy metals. This study investigated the concentration of 7 heavy metal contamination in soil and plant samples at an abandoned mine site. We found that, after vegetation remediation at the abandoned mine site, the reduction rates for 7 heavy metals were in the range of 4.2%–86%, where reduction rates over 50% were achieved for four heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Cd, Ni). Transfer coe cients of the panicled goldenrain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm) and the common elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpus decipens) for Zn, Mn, Ni, and Co were more than 1. Enrichment coe cients of both trees for Mn were higher than 1. Our results suggest that the panicled goldenrain tree and the common elaeocarpus tree may act as accumulators in remediation. Moreover, the woody vegetation remediation in abandoned mining areas play an important role in improving scenery besides removing heavy metal from contaminated soil.     

活动板房火灾事故的事故树分析

本文运用安全系统工程方法,对彩钢板活动房火灾事故进行了事故树分析,找出了引起火灾事故发生的各个因素,并提出了预防该类事故发生的相应措施。     

太湖冬季军团菌（Legionella spp．）的分布和多样性

军团菌（Legionellas pp．）广泛存在于各种水体中,对人类的健康造成了一定的安全隐患．为了解太湖在冬季是否存在军团菌,以及它的分布和多样性,本研究于2010年2月,在全太湖32个点位采样,使用巢式PCR对样品中军团菌进行检测,并用变性梯度凝胶电泳（denaturing gradient gel eletrop...     

8种植物叶片对城市大气苯并（a）芘（BaP）的吸收比较

城市化及汽车的发展导致城市大气中多环芳烃（PAHs）含量较高,强致癌作用污染物苯并（a）芘（BaP）含量也相应增高。植物是大气环境天然的过滤器,能滞留、吸附和累积空气中多种污染物。选择广州市8种常见行道树,4种乔木：红花羊蹄甲（Bauhiniablakeana）、腊肠树（Cassiafistula）、高山榕（Ficus...     

Generic event trees and probabilities for the release of different types of hazardous materials

To simplify quantitative risk analysis, the initiating events leading to loss of containment are normally described using generic hypotheses. For example, the following hypothesis is applied to the loss of containment from a storage tank: instantaneous release of the complete inventory, continuous release of the complete inventory in 10 min, and continuous release from a hole with a diameter of 10 mm. Once the initiating events have been specified, the corresponding event trees must be drawn to establish the sequences from each initiating event to the diverse final outcomes or accident scenarios, which will depend on the properties of the released material or on other specific factors. In this paper we propose, in a systematic way, a set of short generic event trees for the main loss of containment scenarios involving different types of hazardous materials. Even though most of them have been taken from the literature (BEVI Reference Manual), we have modified some of them, added the corresponding intermediate probabilities (immediate ignition, delayed ignition, flame front acceleration, etc.) obtained from a literature review and expert judgment, and associated the use of each event tree to the hazardous properties of the material (flammability, volatility and toxicity) and to its category according to EC labeling directives.