中小城市污水处理厂设计中应注意的几个问题

针对当前中小城市污水处理厂设计中存在的厂址选择不合理、处理工艺盲目求新求变、设备选择不切合实际等问题进行探讨，结合已建成污水处理厂运行实际进行分析，提出优化厂址选择、结合当地实际选择处理工艺、根据需要选择设备等解决问题的办法。     

Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrient Fluxes Across the Sediment–Water Interface of the Neckar River,Germany: In Situ Measurements and Simulations

A benthic in situ flume and a 1D biogeochemical sediment model to evaluate solute fluxes across the sediment–water interface have been developed. The flume was successfully used to determine oxygen and nutrient fluxes at various locations of the Neckar River in Germany. The experimental results were linked with vertical pore water concentration profiles and independently verified with the model. By combining experimental and model results we assessed the influence of dissolved oxygen concentrations in the water column and the availability of degradable organic matter on sediment oxygen demand. The results and the derived relations can be used to parameterize the sediment module of large scale water quality models, allowing one to assess the influence of sediment–water interactions on various aspects of river water quality. Moreover, the biogeochemical sediment model can help to improve the general understanding of the processes governing solute concentrations and fluxes in sediments and across their interfaces.     

污水处理场的优化管理措施

结合某污水处理场的情况,提出了对高浓度混合污水处理工艺进行改进的方法,对炼油、化工废水处理场进行了优化管理。分析了影响污水治理的因素,提出了改进措施。实施改进方法以后,提高了污水处理抗冲击能力和治理效果,使污水处理场实现了长期平稳运行。     

IMPACT OF SEWAGE TREATMENT MODIFICATIONS ON WATER QUALITY OF A RESERVOIR1

ABSTRACT. As a result of several investigations conducted in the Department of Civil Engineering through the Water Resources Research Center at The University of Tennessee, dating from 1966 to the present, a rather comprehensive surveillance of water quality conditions has been maintained in Forth Loudoun Reservoir on the Tennessee River near Knowville, Tennessee. During the period covered by these investigations, the Knoxville Third Creek Sewage Treatment Plant was upgraded from a primary plant to a secondary (activated sludge) treatment plant. Comparison of the collected data is being undertaken herein to elucidate the impact of these modifications upon water quality conditions in the reservoir. Consideration is given to the improvements of water quality as related to the expenditure for modification of the treatment facilities. In addition, comment is directed toward the public health significance of the water quality conditions determined.     

火电厂"三同时"验收应当注意的问题

根据建设项目竣工环境保护验收规范要求，提出火电厂在验收过程中应当注意的几个问题。     

基于动态贝叶斯网络的石化装置火灾事故动态风险分析

为揭示石油炼化装置事故风险动态特性和事故情景演变路径,在对石化装置进行风险因素分析的基础上构建石化装置火灾事故故障树,基于贝叶斯网络非常规突发事故的演变过程,构建情景演变下的动态贝叶斯网络模型,在综合考虑应急措施的基础上,利用MATLAB软件和联合概率公式计算出各种事故场景的状态概率.以丙烯精馏装置火灾事故为例,结果表...     

Soil phytoremediation from the breakdown products of the chemical warfare agent, yperite

A plant-based bioremediation (phytoremediation) strategy has been developed and shown to be effective for the clean-up of soil contaminated by the breakdown products of the chemical warfare agent (CWA), yperite. The method involves exploiting the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), to intensify the phytoremediation. For determination of the yperite breakdown products, gas chromatography is used. Soil and plant samples were analysed with a gas chromatograph fitted with an atomic emission detector. The method of standard-free determination was employed to identify sulphur-containing substances (SCSs). A series of soil tests was conducted, which showed that the level of SCSs decreased 4, 8, and more than 20-fold compared with that found in contaminated soil. This decrease was dependent upon the IAA concentrations used for plant treatment. The treated plants accumulated 2.7 to 2.9-fold larger amounts of the SCSs than did the untreated plants. Owing to its simplicity, environmental safety and inexpensiveness, the method can be recommended for the restoration of soil fertility in areas of storage and destruction of blister CWAs.     

避免不可抗力对工厂安全的威胁

洪水、地震、泥石流、台风等不可抗力对工厂安全造成威胁,因此厂址选择阶段如何考虑不可抗力因素,如何处理不可抗力因素与其它建厂条件间的关系十分重要.提出如何避免或减小不可抗力对工厂安全的威胁,并列举工程实例进一步说明处理方法.     

燃煤火电厂汞排放因子测试设计及案例分析

在火电厂锅炉煤的燃烧中,汞的迁移是个复杂的过程.在炉内高温下,几乎所有的汞以气态形式停留于烟气中,随着烟气温度的降低,汞被再分配到粉煤灰、炉渣和空气中.采用测试和衡算的方法,对火电厂汞排放因子进行测试和分析.结果表明:汞的迁移分配与煤中汞的赋存量、粉煤灰中可燃物碳的含量及烟气温度相关.煤燃烧后,进入粉煤灰中的汞占煤中汞含量的12.7%～31.3%,进入炉渣中的汞占0.9%～12.8%,大部分汞排入大气中,占67.8%～82.2%.      

植物细胞色素P450酶系的研究进展及其与外来物质的关系

植物细胞色素P45 0是分子量为 40— 60KD、结构类似的一类血红素 硫铁蛋白。它以可溶性和膜结合两种形态存在于植物细胞内 ,可催化多种化学反应 ,在防御植物免受有害物质侵害方面具有重要作用。目前已克隆 90多个植物细胞色素P45 0基因。本文概述了植物P45 0基因表达调控与环境、发育、组织特异性关系的研究进展。认为植物P45 0同工酶在环境毒物生物修复和在抗外源毒素的转基因植物方面具有很高的应用前景