豪猪常见疾病的综合防治技术研究

通过探讨豪猪疾病发生的原因,介绍豪猪疾病诊断的方法、治疗的药物及其给药的方法、预防措施和防治的注意事项.详细论述了豪猪急性肺炎、肠炎、寄生虫病和外伤等常见疾病的综合防治技术.参9.     

parDE基因对重组质粒pLM2在Enterobacter gergoviae 57-7中稳定性的影响

将 parDE基因克隆到载有组成型表达nifA基因的质粒 pST10 2 1上 ,得到重组质粒pLM2 .将 pLM2 ,pST10 2 1分别转到玉米联合固氮菌Enteorbactergergoviae 5 7 7(E5 7 7) ,获得转化子E5 7 7(pLM2 ) ,E5 7 7(pST10 2 1) ,二者在c(NH+ 4 ) =5 0mmolL-1的Kp培养基中表达的固氮活性一致 .将pLM2 ,pST10 2 1分别转到E .coliDH5α(pMGFP2 .1) ,培养物用 4 88nm光激发后在 5 10nm均有相同的的荧光特征发射峰 .上述实验表明 ,重组质粒pLM2仍保留了原质粒pST10 2 1中nifA的功能 .但质粒 pLM2和 pST10 2 1在E5 7 7中的稳定性试验表明 ,E5 7 7(pST10 2 1)在无抗生素的LB中继代培养 70代后 ,质粒几乎全部丢失 (仅存 1% ) ;而E5 7 7(pLM2 )继代培养 10 0代后 ,质粒全部存在 (10 0 % ) .图 4表 1参 12     

A preliminary experimental feasibility case study of energy upgrade of pellets of lignite and plastic waste mixtures

The calorific value enhancement of lignite by briquetting with novolac resin and plastic wastes is discussed in this work. Mixtures of several types of lignite with novolac as binder, with or without polypropylene, were manufactured in the form of pellets by curing. Pellets were pyrolyzed at 300°C and 500°C, and weight losses were determined. Chemical transformations during curing were studied by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and the corresponding changes in the microstructure of the pellets were investigated by optical microscopy. Specimens of cured pellets were tested for their impact resistance index (IRI) and water resistance index (WRI). The incorporation of polypropylene in the pellets leads to an increase of IRI and a decrease of WRI. The calorific value was measured for both cured and pyrolyzed pellets. All pellets exhibit increased lower calorific value compared with raw lignite, indicating an upgrade of their energy content.     

染料降解菌的脱色特性、降解酶系及基因定位研究进展

本文分析了当前染料废水微生物降解优势菌的降解效果及降解机制等，介绍了三种染料降解酶的催化机理和影响因素，阐明了某些降解菌中的质粒可以控制不同结构染料的脱色。最终指出了提高菌株应用价值的两种途径：一是筛选或构建出具有多功能性的超级菌；二是在不改变染料性质的前提下，向其分子结构中引入特定取代基团，以提高其生物降解性。     

Oxidative capacities of size-segregated haze particles in a residential area of Beijing

The frequent haze days around the Chinese capital of Beijing in recent years have aroused great attention owing to the detrimental efects on visibility and public health. To discover the potential health efects of the haze, oxidative capacities of airborne particles collected in Beijing during haze and clear days were comparably assessed by a plasmid scission assay. Eleven water-soluble trace elements(As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Se, Tl, and Zn) in the size-segregated airborne particles were quantitatively analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and most of the watersoluble trace elements were found to mainly concentrate in the fine particle size of 0.56–1.0 μm. In comparison with clear days, the mass concentrations of 11 analyzed water-soluble trace elements remarkably increased during haze days, and the oxidative capacities determined by the plasmid scission assay were markedly elevated accordingly during the haze days under the same dosage of particles as for those during clear days. Water-soluble trace elements in airborne particles, such as Cu, V, and particularly Zn, were found to have significantly positive correlations with the plasmid DNA damage rates. Because Cu, V, and Zn have been considered as bioavailable elements, the evident increase of these elements during haze days may be greatly harmful to human health.     

1株对叔丁基邻苯二酚降解菌的筛选鉴定及响应面法优化其降解

从某化工厂污水处理车间活性污泥中分离、筛选到1株能以对叔丁基邻苯二酚(p-tert-Butylcatechol,TBC)为唯一碳源和能源生长的菌株YH1.经形态特征、生理生化、BIOLOG细菌自动鉴定系统和16S r DNA序列分析,鉴定菌株YH1为皱纹假单胞菌(Pseudomonas corrugate).在温度为24~36℃,p H为7.0~10.0的条件下,菌株YH1可使浓度低于500 mg·L-1的TBC降解率达到82%以上.运用单因素实验初步确定TBC降解的最适外加碳源和氮源分别为蔗糖和胰蛋白胨,最适温度为30℃,最适初始p H为7.0,最适接种量为2%.为了提高降解率,首先利用Plackett-Burman实验设计评估并筛选出影响TBC降解的3个关键因素:蔗糖、胰蛋白胨、初始p H.用最陡爬坡实验逼近以上3个因子的最大响应区域,采用Box-Behnken实验设计及响应面法分析,确定其最优降解条件为蔗糖浓度3%(ρ)、胰蛋白胨浓度1.44%(ρ)、TBC浓度400 mg·L-1、初始p H值8.12、接种量2.97%(φ)、温度30℃、培养时间96 h,在此条件下TBC降解率可达98.21%.TBC降解酶活性及酶定域实验表明,菌株YH1相关降解酶为胞内酶,且TBC可诱导邻苯二酚1,2双加氧酶(C12O)的合成.通过降解酶特异性引物从菌株YH1扩增得到C12O基因片段,经质粒检测和消除实验发现菌株YH1相关降解基因位于质粒上.此外,菌株YH1能耐受高浓度Na Cl和多种重金属离子,对多种抗生素具有抗性.研究结果为有效处理复杂工业废水提供了理论基础.     

预应力混凝土箱梁蒸汽养护安全与节能探讨

针对高速铁路施工中普遍应用的预应力混凝土箱梁蒸汽养护技术,从养护制品质量、施工人员、养护设备三方面进行了安全探讨,并对蒸养系统的节能运行进行了系统分析,提出了节能降耗新措施.     

隔热涂料在高功率重型车辆上的应用

目的 开发一种低导热系数的功能涂料,应用于某重型车辆,以阻隔动力舱与驾驶舱之间的热量传递.方法 研究聚酯多元醇树脂与多异氰酸酯固化剂的配比、低导热系数功能填料与成膜物的配比以及两种不同粒径的空心微珠复配比例对漆膜导热系数、附着力、断裂伸长率等性能的影响,确定阻隔型隔热涂料的最佳配方.采用自制隔热测试装置对涂料的隔热性能进行测试.结果 选用多异氰酸酯作为固化剂,实现漆膜常温固化.聚酯多元醇中羟基(—OH)与多异氰酸酯(—NOC)的最佳物质的量的比为0.8～1.0,低导热系数功能填料与成膜物的最佳质量比为1.5～2.0.漆膜附着力不小于4 MPa,断裂伸长率不小于50％,导热系数小于0.06 W/(m·K),漆膜密度小于0.5 g/cm3.隔热涂层经120℃/2 h的测试,涂层冷面温度未超过45℃.结论 研制的阻隔型隔热涂料具有优异的隔热性能,在某型车辆动力舱与驾驶舱之间进行应用与隔热性测试(涂层厚度1.5～2.0 mm、车辆持续工作3 h).结果 表明,驾驶舱一侧隔板的表面温度未超过38℃,隔热效果显著.     

不同类型脱水药剂对底泥固化效果和理化性质的影响

为研究不同类型脱水药剂对疏浚底泥脱水固化等综合作用的效果,以太湖疏浚底泥为对象,选择了微生物类、聚合铁铝盐类、有机聚合物类、有机无机复合类和铝盐微生物复合类这5种类型的复合脱水药剂,以土工管袋固化的方式对疏浚底泥进行为期3个月的固化实验.结果表明,有机聚合物类和有机无机复合类药剂脱水效率较好,1个月后底泥含水率分别降至61.78%和63.26%, 3个月后分别降至40.56%和32.16%.与未固化底泥相比,经过有机无机复合类药剂固化后底泥总氮削减74.82%,达591 mg·kg^-1,主要以铵态氮的减少为主,固化底泥中的磷以铝结合态磷、钙结合态磷和铁结合态磷为主,其中有机无机复合类药剂对活性磷的削减量最大,活性磷含量降至64.3 mg·kg^-1.此外,研究发现有机聚合物类药剂对重金属的固化效果最好,重金属综合生态风险指数降低了51.3%,浸出毒性浓度均远低于标准阈值.有机聚合物类和有机无机复合类药剂对底泥的脱水固化综合效果较好,具有较好的应用前景.     

底泥水体中适用于PCR的不同形态DNA的提取方法（Methods of Extraction Different Gene Types of Sediments and Water for PCR Amplification）

提出直接从环境河流底泥和表层水体中同时提取不同形态DNA(胞内、胞外、染色体和质粒DNA)的有效方法.利用该方法提取了海河典型区域底泥的胞外DNA和胞内DNA及水体中细菌染色体DNA和质粒DNA.结果表明,NaH2PO4提取的胞外DNA分子量大于1kb,提取率40%～72%,没有共提取胞内DNA.胞内DNA提取的分子量均大于23.1kb,细菌质粒DNA与染色体DNA同时分离.16SrDNA与sul2扩增验证提取方法可靠性.16SrDNA扩增结果显示所有胞外DNA呈阴性,胞内DNA呈阳性.质粒DNA和染色体DNA的16SrDNA扩增显示,染色体DNA结果显阳性,质粒DNA呈阴性,sul2的结果相反.