紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的应用

概述了紫外光固化涂料在汽车塑料部件、修补漆、面漆上的应用,并展望了紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的发展趋势.     

热处理重组质粒DNA的复性及其在水环境中的降解特性

为了考察热处理后的重组DNA进入水环境后可能存在的环境风险,以pET-28b质粒为材料,以质粒相对转化效率为指标,考察了热变性重组质粒DNA的复性可能性,并在此基础上构建了人工模拟水环境系统,研究了热变性质粒DNA在水环境中的降解速率和影响因素.结果表明,热变性pET-28b质粒经过30min后,其转移活性可以得到恢复,在4～37℃之间,温度越高越有利于热变性质粒的复性.热处理过程中未被降解的质粒DNA进入水环境后,在pH值为7、8时降解速率相对较慢,在pH值为5、6、9的条件下,降解较快,但在任何pH下,1.0h后仍存在未降解的质粒DNA.水环境中的NaCl对热处理质粒DNA有一定的保护作用,而且这种作用是随着NaCl质量分数的提高而增强.进入水环境中的热变性DNA有足够的时间复性,从而可能发生基因转移.因此,这些热处理的质粒DNA进入环境后理论上存在一定的生态风险.     

Effect of excessive cadmium chloride on the plasmids of E. coli HB101 in vivo

After Escherichia coli HB101 with plasmid pWH58, pWH98, or pTBa₅ were cultered respectively in amp LB broth which contained 50 mg/L CdCl₂ constantly for 24h, these plasmids were isolated from E. coli, and the effect of excessive CdCl₂ on the E. coli HB101 and plasmid DNA was studied by surveying the growth of E. coli HB101 and plasmid, argarose gel electrophoresis and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of plasmids, and plasmid transformation. The results showed that 50 mg/L CdCl₂ treatment lagged the growth of E. coli HB101 for at least 4h, but after grown for 24h there were not significant differences in the growths of E. coli HB101s and the productions of plasmids between the treatment and control. These results implified that E. coli HB101 have induced adaptability to cadmium stress and excessive CdCl₂ did not inhibit the replication and amp + genes expression of plasmid DNA in vivo of E. coli significantly. 50 mg/L CdCl₂ treatment for 24 hours might cause the sequences change of plasmid DNA, but could not lead to the random breakage of plasmid DNA strands. Moreover, after 50 mg/L of CdCl₂ treatment in vivo the transformation activities of plasmid did not altered, implied excessive CdCl₂ could not affect the superhelical structure of plasmid and also not break the loop of plasmid DNA evidently.     

养护条件对二次铝灰-垃圾飞灰基地聚物中重金属稳固化的影响

以添加SiO2粉末后的二次铝灰和垃圾焚烧飞灰为原料,经过碱激发制备地聚物固化体。将制备好的地聚物固化体样品分别放在30、35、40、45和50 ℃,相对湿度为80%的恒温恒湿培养箱内养护,探究不同养护条件对固化体中重金属浸出特性的影响,并考察生活垃圾焚烧飞灰处理前后重金属化学形态、晶体结构和微观形貌的改变。结果表明：重金属Cr的相对浸出率在30～45 ℃下降明显,45～50 ℃内趋于平缓;而Cd和Pb的相对浸出率在30～40 ℃略微上升,40～50 ℃呈下降趋势,并且Pb的相对浸出率在40～45 ℃下降明显;Zn的相对浸出率随着养护温度的升高缓慢下降。重金属Cr、Cd、Zn和Pb的相对浸出率在前10 d内下降较大,10～14 d下降缓慢。当养护温度为50 ℃时,地聚物中重金属Cr、Cd、Zn和Pb的浸出浓度分别降到0.172、0.072、0.218和3.803 mg·L-1,满足《生活垃圾填埋场控制标准》（GB 16889-2008）的浸出要求。     

Development of QSARs to investigate the bacterial toxicity and biotransformation potential of aromatic heterocylic compounds

A series of aromatic heterocyclic and hydrocarbon compounds were tested for toxicity and biotransformation potential against two contrasting lux-marked whole-cell microbial biosensors. Toxicity was determined by inhibition of light output of a Pseudomonas fluorescens construct that expresses lux constitutively. Biotransformation was tested by increase in light output of P. fluorescens HK44 (pUTK21), which expresses lux when in the presence of a metabolic intermediate (salicylate). The data were then modelled against physical/chemical properties of the compounds tested to see if quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) could be derived. Toxicity was found to be accurately predicted by log K_ow (R²=0.95, Q²=0.88), with the basic (pyridine-ring containing) heterocycles modelled separately. The biotransformation data were best modelled using lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies (R²=0.90, Q²=0.87).     

湖流域土壤微生物基因组总DNA分离纯化及其质粒文库的初步构建

采用研磨／冻融和SDV蛋白酶K热处理以及CTAB处理等理化方法，直接从太湖流域土壤样品中抽提得到微生物总基因组DNA，所得粗DNA用透析袋法以及Nucleaotrap suspension DNA纯化试剂盒进行了纯化，纯化过的DNA能够满是常用限制性内切酶酶切、细菌16S rDNA通用引物和随机引物进行PCR扩增的要求，将所得纯品DNA经过EcoRI部分酶切之后与酶切并脱磷酸的pSK^ 空载体连接，再以大肠杆菌JM109为宿主细胞初步构建了土壤微生物基因组文库，图6参7     

饭豆(Vigna umbellata L.)根瘤菌的分离及多样性

从生长在湖北省几种不同土壤中两类饭豆(Vigna umbellata L.)的根瘤中分离、纯化并通过结瘤试验筛选出26株饭豆根瘤菌；对这些菌株和来自其它种属的8个参比菌株的培养特性、生长速度、耐酸碱性、生长最终pH值、耐盐性、天然抗药性、碳源和氮源的利用及部分快生型菌株质粒图谱进行了系统的比较研究，并通过聚类分析得到数值分类树状图谱。结果发现，分离自不同类型土壤中的饭豆根瘤菌具有较大的多样性，在77％的相似水平上，形成了三大类群，群Ⅰ为慢生型菌群，群Ⅱ与群Ⅲ为快生型菌群，在80％相似水平上各群又可进一步划分为不同亚群，而且亚群中部分菌株的相似性与地理来源有相关性。图2表4参13。     

固化剂对矿用充填泡沫固化行为的影响

为提高泡沫的充填堵漏风效果,选取有机强酸A,有机磺酸B,无机强酸C等3种固化剂,通过测定泡沫的发泡时间、发泡温度、承压强度和氧指数等参数,分析不同组合固化剂对矿用充填泡沫固化行为的影响。结果表明:乳化时间、起泡时间和表干时间随固化剂用量的增加而明显缩短;泡沫的发泡倍数和发泡温度随固化剂用量的增加而增加;单独使用有机强酸A或有机磺酸B时,泡沫都存在不同程度的收缩,当添加较高量的无机强酸C时,泡沫的尺寸稳定性变好。当复合固化剂有机强酸A用量∶有机磺酸B用量∶无机强酸C用量=1.2∶1∶1时,泡沫的固化效果最优。     

假单胞菌P12对菲的降解

从武汉石油化工厂的活性污泥中,分离到一株可以以菲为唯一碳源和能源的假单胞菌P_(12)该菌经靛蓝产生法测定有双加氧酶,在菲无机盐培养基中生长时,有3-菲酚物质积累,经检测有一条质粒带。用丝裂霉素C消除质粒后的菌落,失去了降解菲的能力,说明P_(12)对菲的降解功能是由质粒控制的。     

营养物质对细菌质粒pEA9：：Km在土壤中拼命转移频率的影响

用成团肠杆菌（Ｅｍｔｅｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ａｇｇｌｏｍｅｒａｎｓ）Ｔ７（ｐＥＡ９：：Ｋｍ）为供体菌,以Ｅ．ａ．３３９（ｐＥＡ９＾－）为受体菌在天然土壤中进行接合实验,测定各种营养物质对重组质粒ｐＥＡ９：：Ｋｍ同源接合转移频率的影响。实验发现,如果在土壤中加入生理盐水或无机盐培养基,就观察不到细菌数量的增加和质粒的转移;只有加入碳源物质后才检测到细菌数量的增加和质粒的接合转移,接合转移频率的大小位于１