实施污染物总量控制的实践与思考

南宁市从“九五”开始,采用制定计划分解下达总量指标、环保目标责任制中明确总量任务、多途径控制污染物排放等做法实施污染物排放总量控制,取得了很大成效。建议结合现阶段控制污染物排放总量的途径加强基础工作,提高总量控制支持能力,实现目标总量控制向容量控制转变。     

吸入柴油机排出物对小鼠骨髓细胞微核出现率的影响

小鼠吸入过滤或未过滤的柴油机排出物，染毒８ｈ／ｄ，分别染毒２、５、８ｄ后，发现小鼠骨髓细胞微核率明显升高。吸入过滤后排出物的小鼠骨髓细胞微核出现率低于未过滤组。柴油机排出物对小鼠染色体有一定的损伤作用，过滤后的柴油机排出颗粒物中，致染色体损伤的物质减少，不同吸入时间（２、５、８ｄ）对小鼬骨髓细胞微核出现率，没有显著差异。     

气相色谱在我国大气污染物监测中的应用

阐述了气相色谱法在我国大气有机物监测中所取得的成果。重点介绍了在监测大气中多环芳烃,氯化二苯并二(口恶)(口英)和氯化二苯并呋哺,碳氢化合物、苯系物、硝基苯、苯胺、恶臭、有机硫化物、农药、酚类、有机酸、肼和偏二甲肼、丙烯腈、卤代烃、多氯联苯等物质中的应用。     

辽阳化纤地区大气容量规划的研究

利用辽阳化纤地区的各污染源的排放资料，对这一地区进行了SO2、NOx、非甲烷烃与苯等大气污染物大气容量的规划，建立了相关的模型，并给出了建设性的意见。结果表明：从大气环境质量方面，根据现有的资料，辽化地区除NOx外，其余污染物，大气还存在一定的容量。     

气态污染物的非平衡等离子体处理技术

近年来利用等离子体技术对气态污染物的氧化分解研究受到了广泛的关注。本文介绍了等离子体概念、分类及产生方法，简述了非平衡等离子体技术对气体污染物的降解原理，较全面地介绍了等离子体技术在脱硫、脱硝以及降解挥发性有机物（VOCs）等方面的研究。最后指出了今后等离子体处理废气的应用研究方向。     

基于GIS的海湾陆源污染排海总量控制的空间优化分配方法研究——以大连湾为例

开发了基于GIS的海湾陆源污染排海总量控制的空间优化分配的方法.并在“大连湾数据库”的支持下,以大连湾为例,研究了陆源污染排海总量控制的空间优化分配问题.为环境空间优化决策提供依据.     

A simulation analysis of the migration and transformation of pollutants contained in landfill leachate

A dynamic composite model for a soil-water system that can be used to simulate the movement of leachate from a landfill. The composite model includes nine sub-models that trace water movement and the migration and transformation of five pollutants(organic N, NE4^- ,NO3^- , NO2^-, and Cl^ - ) in saturated and unsaturated soil. The model to simulate the movement of leachate from a landfill in Laogang Town,Shanghai City was used. In this application, the values for the model parameters were oblained by performing a laboratory simulation experimentof water movement and pollutant migration and transformation in soil columns. Soil and leachate obtained from the landfill site and its vicinitywere used in the laboratory experiments. The model was then used to simulate leachate movement and pollutant activity during the ten-year period when the landfill was in operation and in the twenty-year period following its closure. The simulation results revealed that the leachate migrated into the groundwater at the rate of 90-100 meters per year. This model can be applied in the design of future landfills in China for the purpose of assessing and forecasting leachate plumes.     

The potential for spatial planning at the landscape level to mitigate the effects of atmospheric ammonia deposition

Ammonia (NH₃) is emitted mainly from agricultural practices, with NH₃ concentrations decreasing rapidly away from sources. As a consequence there is a high spatial variability in nitrogen deposition and its consequent ecological effects in agricultural landscapes that is in addition to differences in sensitivity between habitat types. This variability points to the potential to include spatial planning measures as part of strategies to protect sensitive vegetation from ammonia deposition.National abatement policies typically include uniform recommendations for technical abatement measures, such as ploughing in manures after land spreading. In this study, the complementary potential of spatial planning to reduce effects on target locations is analysed through model scenarios for an example landscape in central England. Scenarios included defining buffer zones of low-emission agriculture and establishing tree belts surrounding either emission sources or priority areas for the protection of semi-natural habitats.The analysis showed that tree belts can reduce deposition to sensitive areas, with trees surrounding the sensitive habitats being more effective than trees around the sources. Low emission buffer zones around sink areas also result in useful reductions in N deposition. Smaller nature reserve sites benefit to a greater degree from such spatial planning measures, as large reserves can provide their own buffer zone to some degree. Similarly, relocating point sources or using planning policies to ensure the location of large NH₃ point sources are at least 2–3 km from the sensitive habitats results in substantial reductions in N deposition.     

实施清洁生产审计巩固企业贯标成果

贯标工作依赖于切实的环境管理方案，而企业通过一整套清洁生产审计程序，结合生产装置的增量降耗，优化生产过程的APC控制等技术改造措施的实施，将无费，低费方案与高费方案有机地结合，使企业真正走出一条产量增加单耗能耗降低，效益递增排污量减少的可持续发展之路。     

辽阳化纤地区大气容量规划的研究

利用辽阳化纤地区的各污染源的排放资料,对这一地区进行了SO2、NOx、非甲烷烃与苯等大气污染物大气容量的规划,建立了相关的模型,并给出了建设性的意见.结果表明:从大气环境质量方面,根据现有的资料,辽化地区除NOx外,其余污染物,大气还存在一定的容量