铝合金大气腐蚀行为及其防腐措施研究进展

综述了铝合金的大气腐蚀机理和大气主要环境因素对铝合金的大气腐蚀的影响。重点介绍了近年来所采用的对环境无害的铝合金无铬防腐蚀处理方法（激光熔覆法、溶胶-凝胶法、聚合物防腐蚀膜等）及其发展前景。     

基于数字处理技术的航空铝合金材料孔蚀率计算研究

通过航空LD2材料的加速腐蚀试验,获取该材料试件不同腐蚀周期的腐蚀形貌图像,对腐蚀形貌图像进行基于数字处理技术的一系列处理,最终通过二值特征提取方法得到二值化腐蚀图像,并依据二值化结果计算LD2材料不同腐蚀周期的孔蚀率。计算结果表明,此种方法得到的孔蚀率变化规律与该材料的电化学腐蚀机理较为吻合,并且该方法克服了传统方法计算孔蚀率精确性差的问题,为航空铝合金的孔蚀率计算及相关分析提供了新思路。     

铝合金生产中含氟废气的二段式喷淋处理工程简介

基于中式实验研究,介绍含氟废气采用二段式喷淋处理工艺技术,废气中含氟量从180～200g/m3降至2mg/m3;含氟溶液采用CaCO3-CaF2共沉淀技术,溶液中氟离子浓度达到1mg/L以下,喷淋水循环使用。     

商用车铝合金与钢制轮辋生命周期环境影响评价对比分析

基于生命周期评价(LCA)理论,运用Ga Bi软件建模,采用EDIP 2003评价体系,对某款商用车铝合金轮辋和钢制轮辋的生命周期环境影响进行了评价和对比分析.结果表明:在原材料获取阶段铝合金轮辋对环境的影响要远远大于钢制轮辋;制造阶段两种轮辋对环境的影响相差不大;使用阶段钢制轮辋对环境的影响大于铝合金轮辋;综合所有阶段来看,当车辆总行驶里程低于11.6万km时,铝合金轮辋对环境的影响更大,超过11.6万km后,钢制轮辋对环境的影响更大.     

聚合硫酸铁絮凝剂的绝热合成研究

本文通过对聚合硫酸铁（ＰＦＳ） 的动力学研究，发现ＰＦＳ的合成温度控制在５０ ℃以上就显著地提高了反应速度，缩短了反应周期。当相对水量Ｃ＝ ４ ．５ ～５ ．５ 时，采用工业级硫酸亚铁为原料，在催化氧化作用下，可以实现ＰＦＳ 的绝热合成工艺，去除加热设备，优化工艺过程。与直接氧化法ＰＦＳ相比，绝热法聚合硫酸铁（ＨＰＦＳ） 具有更优的混凝性能。     

硫酸盐废水厌氧处理中限制因子的探讨

归纳分析了两种硫酸盐废水的厌氧处理相关的研究数据和结果，着重阐述了碳硫比值、硫酸盐负荷率、pH等因子对系统的影响。     

The Fate of Endosulfan in Water

Although the use of endosulfan to control cotton pests has declined, this insecticide still has widespread application in agriculture and can contaminate riverine systems as runoff from soil or by aerial deposition. The degradation of endosulfan in pure water at different pH values of 5, 7 and 9 and in river water from the Namoi and the Hawkesbury rivers of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, was studied in the laboratory. Endosulfan transformation into endosulfan sulfate in river water using artificial mesocosms was also investigated. The results show endosulfan is stable at pH 5, with increasing rates of disappearance at pH 7 and pH 9 by chemical hydrolysis. Incubation of endosulfan with river water at pH 8.3 resulted in the disappearance of endosulfan and the formation of endosulfan diol due to the alkaline pH as well as formation of endosulfan sulfate. Although the degradation of endosulfan by Anabaena, a blue-green alga, did not result in the transformation of endosulfan to endosulfan sulfate, we conclude that other microorganisms catalyzed the formation of the sulfate. Significant conversions of endosulfan into endosulfan sulfate were also reported from associated field studies using artificial mesocoms containing irrigation water from rivers inhabitated by micro-macro fauna. From these results, we conclude that the presence of endosulfan sulfate in river water cannot be used to distinguish contamination by runoff from soil from contamination by aerial drift or redeposition.     

Composition of Aqueous Extracts of Broiler Litter Treated with Aluminum Sulfate,Ferrous Sulfate,Ferric Chloride and Gypsum

More knowledge on the composition of aqueous extracts of broiler litter amended for Water Soluble P (WSP) reduction would help to understand how amendments work. We measured pH, concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Cu, Mn, Zn, Molybdate Reactive P (MRP), and Dissolved Unreactive P (DUP) in water extracts of broiler litter treated with aluminum sulfate (ALS), ferrous sulfate (FES), ferric chloride (FEC), and gypsum (GYP) at 0, 5, 15, and 25% w/w. In order to study the effects of acidification, the same properties were measured in aqueous extracts of broiler litter suspensions that were titrated to end-points 3, 4, or 6 with 0.5N HCl. Concentrations of MRP, DUP, Ca and Mg, were 61%, 53%, 3.8 times, and 2.6 times greater in extracts from suspensions acidified to pH 6 than at the original pH of 8.9. ALS, FES, and FEC reduced pH, and showed similar effects on WSP concentrations, which were greater than with GYP. The magnitude of the reductions in WSP by ALS, FES, and FEC is uncertain because the actual amount of WSP immobilized cannot be determined. This is because of two opposite effects: 1) Through adsorption, soluble aluminum and iron remove phosphates from solution, and 2) Through acidification, iron and aluminum compounds release phosphates to solution.     

铝电解自焙槽烟气静电净化技术

自焙阳极铝电解槽在生产过程中产生的大量有害气体和粉尘 ,在我国至今没有一种有效的治理方法。我院首次应用电除尘与静电凝聚技术相结合 ,净化自焙阳极铝电解槽生产过程中所产生的有害气体和烟尘获得成功。经国家环保部门测试认定 ,其沥青烟、氟化物和粉尘的排放量均低于国家排放标准。该项技术为我国铝电解行业消除对环境的污染提供了一种最佳的治理方法。介绍了净化工艺原理、实施方法、技术效果与现场运行实测数据     

Dietary Spirulina platensis alleviates aluminum and aluminum fluoride induced histopathological and biochemical alterations in mice kidney

Aluminum and its salts widely used in our daily life have been reported nephrotoxic to humans and animals following prolonged exposure. Therefore, the present study was made to examine the renoprotective role of Spirulina platensis against Al³⁺ and AlF₃ in male Swiss albino mice. Exposure to these chemicals decreased feed and water intake, and body and kidney weights. Histology of kidney and their biochemistry were also markedly altered along with that of serum biochemistry. Spirulina not only minimize toxic effects of test chemicals but also favored faster recovery of treated mice after their withdrawal.