论我国环境行政公益诉讼制度之构建

环境行政公益诉讼具有规范行政权力、保护公民环境权、完善行政诉讼制度的价值;在我国构建环境行政公益诉讼已具备了坚实的理论基础、观念基础、法律基础及司法基础.据此,应当着眼于现实国情,在立法上明确规定环境行政公益诉讼制度,同时,从拓宽原告资格、设定复议前置程序、引入禁令判决、以及设定律师强制代理等几方面着手细化环境行政公益诉讼的具体制度设计.     

规划环境影响评价中替代方案的确定、筛选和分析方法探讨

替代方案的筛选是环境影响评价工作中的重要内容。在国内外环境影响评价理论研究和实践经验的基础上。就替代方案的涵义，规划环境影响评价中替代方案的确定、筛选和分析方法，以及公众参与在替代方案确定和筛选过程中的作用等内容进行了探讨。     

环境影响评价公众参与工作中公众意见的统计分析方法

环境影响评价是我国环境管理体系的重要组成部分,是一种对规划和建设项目实施后可能造成的环境影响进行分析、预测和评估,提出预防或者减轻不良环境影响的对策和措施,进行跟踪监测的方法与制度。环境影响评价有了公众参与的内容,可以促使社会各方面人士关心环境问题,在环境评价工作中起到了弥补技术研究不足的重要作用,可使环评单位在环评中的预测和分析更加完善,提出的建议更趋合理。合理的环境影响评价公众参与工作中公众意见的统计分析方法是参与对象的代表性、调查统计方法的有效性、调查统计内容的科学性、统计时间的有效性等的全面综合的反应。     

环境影响评价政策的一般理论分析

环境影响评价政策是我国环境政策体系中的重要组成部分，本文在对环境政策的内涵和基本特征阐述的基础上，运用公共政策的一般理论，对环境影响政策的内涵、特征、政策系统、政策过程以及主要政策功能进行了简明的分析，以达到从公共政策的角度来重新认识和了解环境影响评价制度的目的。     

城市公共交通车辆内噪声调查与模糊数学评价——以山东省济南市为例

本文以济南市为例，调查了公共交通车辆内噪声随运行路段、时段、车况、路况的变化情况，比较分析表明，发动机是车内主要噪声源，电车和单车内噪声比通道汽车低３ｄＢ～７ｄＢ，一天内噪声变化与市民乘车上下班时间呈正相关。运用模糊数学方法评价得出济南市公共交通车辆内声环境质量为Ⅱ级（７７ｄＢ），并提出了改革车内声环境的对策     

公众参与在环境影响评价中的应用

简述了环境影响评价中公众参与的定义、目的、意义，简要回顾了国内外环境管理及环境影响评价中公众参与的发生发展过程及其现状，浅析了公众参与在环境影响评价中的应用以及存在的问题，并提出了改进的建议。     

多场所实验室环境监测质量管理体系的构建与实践

在事业单位机构改革过程中,部分事业单位的法人资格被重组到上一级机构,而不再具有独立法人资格,其原有的CMA检验检测资质不复存在。撤并以后的环境监测机构各项业务如何融合开展,资质认定如何管理,多个实验室场所质量管理体系如何构建,是当前一些检验检测机构亟待解决的普遍性问题。为此,该研究在优化多场所实验室质量管理体系,制定科学、合理、全面、具备开放性和可拓展的多场所实验室质量管理体系文件方面进行了积极探索。以江西省生态环境监测中心“1+11”多场所实验室质量管理为例,结合江西省环境监测机构改革现状,兼顾资质认定有关法律法规要求,就环境监测多场所实验室提出了一套系统性的质量管理体系构建模式,希望为多场所检验检测机构的质量管理提供借鉴。     

Using Public–Private Interplay to Climate-Proof Urban Planning? Critical Lessons from Developing a new Housing District in Karlstad,Sweden

While strengthening public–private interplay is expected to improve the climate profile of urban planning in terms of mitigation and adaptation, less is known about the practice of such new interactive modes of governing. The paper critically examines the role, benefits and limitations of extended public–private interplay in developing a new housing district in Sweden. The developer dialogue between municipal officials and property developers confirms mutual interests, shared understandings and the added value of interacting. However, the closer the dialogue comes to settling agreements, the more difficult it gets for municipal officials to steer the process and its outcomes in favor of climate proofing. Complications with adapting to the new interactive setting means that municipal officials balance between acting as facilitators and/or regulators and property developers between acting as partners, competitors and/or defenders. Refining steering-strategies for sustaining commitments and securing formal agreements are pertinent for using public–private interplay to climate-proof urban planning.     

公共安全科技及其学科分类的九宫格模型

为促进公共安全科技及其学科的可持续发展,很有必要对其科技和学科进行科学分类。本文从科学学的视角,依据大交叉综合学科由学科科学、专业科学和应用科学上中下游三层次组成的理论,构建一个能够简洁表达公共安全科技及其学科分类的九宫格模型,该模型使庞大的公共安全科技及其学科有了相对明确的层次和类型,可以表征公共安全的主体科技及其学科、相邻科技及其学科和外延科技及其学科之间的关系,也可以推广应用到公共管理、公共卫生、应急等领域的科技及其学科的分类。研究结果表明,该模型具有普适性价值,可为未来公共安全科技及其学科的有序发展提供理论参考。     

Public perception of river fish biodiversity in four European countries

Public support for biodiversity conservation is shaped by people's values and their knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward the environment. We conducted the first multinational representative survey of the general public's perceptions of river fish biodiversity in France, Germany, Norway, and Sweden. For the online survey, 1000 respondents per country were randomly selected from large panels following country-specific quotas set on age, gender, and educational level. Questions covered people's level of knowledge, beliefs, values, and attitudes toward river fish, environmental threats, and conservation measures. We found that the public had limited knowledge of freshwater fishes. Two non-native species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), were widely perceived as native, whereas native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was mostly classified as native in Scandinavia and largely as non-native in central Europe. These results suggest an extinction of experience paralleling the extirpation or decline of salmon stocks in countries such as Germany and France. Respondents thought pollution was the dominant threat to riverine fish biodiversity. In reality, habitat loss, dams, and the spread of non-native fishes are equally important. Despite limited biological knowledge, respondents from all countries held an overwhelmingly proecological worldview, supported conservation stocking, and appreciated native fishes, although only a minority interacted with them directly. Differences among the 4 countries related to several conservation issues. For example, threats to biodiversity stemming from aquaculture were perceived as more prevalent in Norway compared with the other 3 countries. Promoting fish conservation based on charismatic species and use values of fishes may work well in countries with a strong economic and cultural link to the freshwater environment, such as Norway. In countries where people rather abstractly care for nature, focusing conservation messaging on broader ecosystem traits and non-use values of fishes is likely to win more support.