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451.
对油炉法炭黑生产过程烟气的来源,组成,发生量,特性作了介绍,着重研究了炭黑烟气余热的加收及利用。结果表明,采用余热锅炉串联多级空气预热器,是目前我国炭黑烟气余热回收及利用的最佳方法,采用这种方法,不仅可将高温炭黑烟气的余热量最大限度地回收及利用,同时可满足炭黑收集及烟气净化系统设备对炭黑烟气温度的要求,采用该法,炭黑烟气余热利用率可提高20%以上,经济效益十分可观。 相似文献
452.
本文对用硫法锂渣制取白炭黑的基本原理及工艺流程作了较为详细的阐述,对该工艺的各种影响因素进行了探讨,并制得了合格的白炭黑,为锂渣的综合利用开辟了新的途径。 相似文献
453.
利用造纸黑液制备水煤浆添加剂 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用造纸黑液中有效成分,经过适当处理制备水煤浆添加剂,并且对添加剂的性能进行了测试。结果表明,依照该工艺生产的添加剂,性能优良,能够满足工业生产需要。 相似文献
454.
Estimation of Cumulative Frequency Distribution for Carbon Monoxide Concentration from Wind-Speed Data, in Buenos Aires (Argentina) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this article we apply and test a methodology to estimate cumulative frequency distribution for air pollutant concentration from wind-speed data. We use the inverse relationship after Simpson et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 19, 75–82, 1985) between the opposing percentile values in the statistical distributions for air pollutant concentrations and wind-speed data. This relationship is valid, irrespective of the statistical distributions of both variables, if an inverse relationship between them is also applicable. The available data are five years of 8-h average carbon monoxide concentration and 8-h mean wind-speed, observed in Buenos Aires (Argentina). The performance of the obtained empirical expressions in estimating cumulative frequency distributions for 8-h CO is statistically evaluated. The results show that it is possible to obtain an acceptable cumulative frequency distribution for 8-h CO concentration at the site if the cumulative frequency distribution for wind-speed is known. Q–Q plots show a good agreement between estimated and observed values. From our data, the mean relative error of the estimations was found to be as much as 8.0%. 相似文献
455.
David M. Wolock Gregory J. McCabe Gary D. Tasker Marshall E. Moss 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1993,29(3):475-486
ABSTRACT: The effects of potential climate change on water resources in the Delaware River basin were determined. The study focused on two important water-resource components in the basin: (1) storage in the reservoirs that supply New York City, and (2) the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary. Current reservoir operating procedures provide for releases from the New York City reservoirs to maintain the position of the salt front in the estuary downstream from freshwater intakes and ground-water recharge zones in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. A hydrologic model of the basin was developed to simulate changes in New York City reservoir storage and the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary given changes in temperature and precipitation. Results of simulations indicated that storage depletion in the New York City reservoirs is a more likely effect of changes in temperature and precipitation than is the upstream movement of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary. In contrast, the results indicated that a rise in sea level would have a greater effect on movement of the salt front than on storage in the New York City reservoirs. The model simulations also projected that, by decreasing current mandated reservoir releases, a balance can be reached wherein the negative effects of climate change on storage in the New York City reservoirs and the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary are minimized. Finally, the results indicated that natural variability in climate is of such magnitude that its effects on water resources could overwhelm the effects of long-term trends in precipitation and temperature. 相似文献
456.
Altamash Ahmad Baig Farshad Kimiaghalam Rakesh Kumar JuanLi Ma Alan S. Fung 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(8):476-487
ABSTRACT An eQUEST model was developed to conduct a simulation study of a natural gas engine-driven heat pump (GEHP) for an office building in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada. Prior to the installation of the GEHP, the heating and cooling demands of the office building were provided by rooftop units (RTUs), comprising of natural gas heater and electric air conditioner. Energy consumption for both GEHP and RTUs were monitored for operation in alternating months. These recorded energy consumptions along with weather data were used in the regression analysis. The developed eQUEST models were validated and calibrated with the regression analysis results with respect to the ASHRAE Guideline 14–2014. The eventual models were then applied to investigate the potential annual energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and energy cost savings achieved by using the GEHP in Woodstock, and other cities in Canada, particularly in Ontario. 相似文献
457.
Masahiro?ShimadaEmail author Takahiko?Iida Kensuke?Kawarada Yoshifumi?Chiba Toshihiro?Mamoto Takayuki?Okayama 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2004,6(2):111-118
We have previously manufactured activated carbon using waste paper board, which was prepared by adding 8% phenol resin adhesive to torn waste newspaper and hot-pressing. In this study, the pretreatment process of the raw material was simplified; the waste paper was extruded to form granules. The activated carbon was manufactured by the carbon dioxide activation method using the granules as the raw material. The properties of the activated carbon were evaluated based on the pore structure, the iodine adsorption number, and the adsorption of toluene vapor in a sealed chamber. The activated carbon, which was manufactured at an activation temperature of 1100°C and a treatment time of 60min, exhibited a specific surface area of 1241m2/g and an iodine adsorption number of 1120mg/g. These results were similar to those obtained for two commercially available activated carbons. The extent of toluene vapor adsorption by this activated carbon was similar to that observed for the two commercial activated carbons over a period of 130min. 相似文献
458.
Response of Organic and Inorganic Carbon and Nitrogen to Long-Term Grazing of the Shortgrass Steppe 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We investigated the influence of long-term (56 years) grazing on organic and inorganic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of the plant–soil system (to 90 cm depth) in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Grazing treatments included continuous season-long (May–October) grazing by yearling heifers at heavy (60–75% utilization) and light (20–35% utilization) stocking rates, and nongrazed exclosures. The heavy stocking rate resulted in a plant community that was dominated (75% of biomass production) by the C4 grass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), whereas excluding livestock grazing increased the production of C3 grasses and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha). Soil organic C (SOC) and organic N were not significantly different between the light grazing and nongrazed treatments, whereas the heavy grazing treatment was 7.5 Mg ha–1 higher in SOC than the nongrazed treatment. Lower ratios of net mineralized N to total organic N in both grazed compared to nongrazed treatments suggest that long-term grazing decreased the readily mineralizable fraction of soil organic matter. Heavy grazing affected soil inorganic C (SIC) more than the SOC. The heavy grazing treatment was 23.8 Mg ha–1 higher in total soil C (0–90 cm) than the nongrazed treatment, with 68% (16.3 Mg ha–1) attributable to higher SIC, and 32% (7.5 Mg ha–1) to higher SOC. These results emphasize the importance in semiarid and arid ecosystems of including inorganic C in assessments of the mass and distribution of plant–soil C and in evaluations of the impacts of grazing management on C sequestration. 相似文献
459.
460.
Johan Tidblad Vladimir Kucera Farid Samie Surendra N. Das Chalothorn Bhamornsut Leong Chow Peng King Lung So Zhao Dawei Le Thi Hong Lien Hans Schollenberger Chozi V. Lungu David Simbi 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2007,7(1-3):241-247
Many national exposure programmes have been performed in tropical and subtropical climates during the last 50 years. However,
ambitious programmes involving more than a few countries are scarce. In this paper a recently formed network of test sites
is described involving 12 test sites in Asia (India, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia and China including Hong Kong) and four test
sites in Africa (South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe). This effort is part of the 2001–2004 Swedish International Development
Agency (SIDA) funded Programme on Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries (RAPIDC). Corrosion attack after one (2002–2003)
year of exposure (carbon steel, zinc, copper, limestone and paint coated steel) are presented together with environmental
data (SO2, NO2, HNO3, O3, particles, amount and pH of precipitation, temperature and relative humidity) for all the test sites. The obtained corrosion
values are substantially higher than expected for limestone, higher than expected for carbon steel and lower than expected
for zinc compared to values calculated using the best available dose–response functions. 相似文献