成都冬季典型辐射逆温过程分析

本文利用测温声雷达的探测结果，借助同期探空和地面观测资料，分析了成都平原典型辐射逆温的生消演变规律，指出了其主要特征。这些结果对气候资源利用、污染气象条件的研究等具有重要意义。     

辐射化学剂量计在强脉冲混合辐射场测定中的应用

本文讨论了将硫酸亚铁剂量计和铜－铁剂量计用于强脉冲混合辐射场测定的实验设计,利用直径２２０毫米的聚乙烯球,将硫酸亚铁剂量计的快中子响应降低到２０％以下,由它和完全暴露在中子、γ混合场中的硫酸亚铁剂量计响应之差,测量中子吸收剂量。这种方法两次实际用于强脉冲混合辐射场中子、γ吸收剂量测量,得到的结果和热释光剂量计、固体径迹探测器的测量结果进行了比较,在±２５％的误差范围内一致     

AN INSULATED EVAPORIMETER1

Evaporation was measured from a circular evaporation pan, 18 inches in diameter and 8 inches deep. The pan was insulated on the sides and bottom using 2 inches of freon-blown polyurethane foam. A U.S. Weather Bureau Class A evaporation pan was used to obtain reference evaporation measurements. Water evaporation from the Class A pan and the insulated pan were highly correlated. Using a water-methanol mixture, the insulated pan may be operated at temperatures below 32 F; the equivalent liquid water evaporation may be determined using a regression equation.     

Influence of Geoengineered Climate on the Terrestrial Biosphere

Various geoengineering schemes have been proposed to counteract anthropogenically induced climate change. In a previous study, it was suggested that a 1.8% reduction in solar radiation incident on the Earths surface could noticeably reduce regional and seasonal climate change from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). However, the response of the terrestrial biosphere to reduced solar radiation in a CO₂-rich climate was not investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that a reduction in incident solar radiation in a Doubled CO₂ atmosphere will diminish the net primary productivity (NPP) of terrestrial ecosystems, potentially accelerating the accumulation of CO₂ in the atmosphere. We used a dynamic global ecosystem model, the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), to investigate this hypothesis in an unperturbed climatology. While this simplified modeling framework effectively separated the influence of CO₂ and sunlight on the terrestrial biosphere, it did not consider the complex feedbacks within the Earths climate system. Our analysis indicated that compared to a Doubled CO₂ scenario, reduction in incident solar radiation by 1.8% in a double CO₂ world will have negligible impact on the NPP of terrestrial ecosystems. There were, however, spatial variations in the response of NPP-engineered solar radiation. While productivity decreased by less than 2% in the tropical and boreal forests as hypothesized, it increased by a similar percentage in the temperate deciduous forests and grasslands. This increase in productivity was attributed to a 1% reduction in evapotranspiration in the Geoengineered scenario relative to the Doubled CO₂ scenario. Our initial hypothesis was rejected because of unanticipated effects of engineered solar radiation on the hydrologic cycle. However, any geoengineering approaches that reduce incident solar radiation need to be thoroughly analyzed in view of the implications on ecosystem productivity and the hydrologic cycle.     

洁净技术在广播发射台的应用

提出了我国目前广播、电视发射机房存在的一‘些问题,介绍了用亚高效过滤器处理广播、电视发射机房的空气净化问题,以及对发射机散热的处理方法。     

天然放射性物质及环境问题

天然放射性物质（ｎａｔｕｒａｌｌｙｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｒａｄｉｏａｃｔｉｖｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ，简称ＮＯＲＭ）广泛存在于地层中，当石油或天然气从地下开采出来时，痕量的天然放射性核素如镭、氧等也随之采出，并分别集中于管道及设备的垢层或天然气加工装置的内壁薄膜上。文章在对外文资料调研的基础上，将ＮＯＲＭ的有关知识、存在场所、对人体潜在的危害途径及有关辐射防护方法进行了介绍。     

硝铵炸药生产中的事故防范

通过分析硝铵炸药生产中发生的火灾和爆炸事故，认为硝铵混合物在高温条件下的热分解是引发这类事故的主要原因；还给出硝酸铵热分解的要点，并提出预防恶性事故的措施。【关键词】     

中央广播电视发射塔环境电磁辐射测试研究

对发射７套电视节目和５套调频节目，发射总功率２４０ＫＷ的中央广播电视塔电磁辐射场强监测结果表明：（１）由于节目频率不同，发射机功率及发射天线形式、高度、增益不同，电磁波到达地面最大场强值的距离是不同的；在近距离内高层建筑各层所接收到的场强大小也是不同的。（２）电视与调频信号在近距离昼夜电平无明显变化。（３）电视塔周围２０００米内环境综合场强最大值为２８４～３２８μＷ／ｃｍ２，所有环境测量值均小于公众导出限值４０μＷ／ｃｍ２。     

灰色消解模型的改进——z变换后的线性回归解法

针对文献中提出的灰色消解模型的建模方法进行了ｚ变换，然后改用线性回归的办法求解，实例验证后表明，模拟拟合状况一致，但计算工作量大为减轻。     

用热释光剂量计对哈密地区环境天然贯穿辐射水平调查

用国产ETLD-80型热释光环境剂量计调查了哈密地区环境天然贯穿辐射水平.结果表明,哈密地区室外、室内宇宙射线电离辐射空气吸收剂量率分别为(3.7±0.3 )、(3.3±0.3)×10~(-8)Gy/h,人口加权平均值分别为3.2和2.8×10~(-8)Gy/h.地球γ辐射空气吸收剂量率分别为(5.8±0.9)、(7.7±1.2)×10~(-8)Gy/h,人口加权平均值分别为5.0和6.6×10~(-8)Gy/h.天然贯穿辐射所致居民有效剂量当量为71.7μSv/a(宇宙辐射298μSv/a,地球γ辐射419μSv/a).