CDM在光伏产业中的应用研究

太阳能是国际社会公认的最理想的替代能源,中国太阳能资源丰富,由于欧美各国市场需求的增大,中国光伏产业取得了快速的发展。但目前中国光伏产业还处于起步阶段,仍面临着资金和技术等难题,而清洁发展机制(CDM)是一种基于市场的灵活履约机制,在中国光伏产业中引入清洁发展机制,不但有利于减少温室气体的排放,而且可大大缓解因资金和技术所带来的问题,并带来一系列环境和社会效益。其次,以锦州市一座10 MW光伏并网电站为例,计算了其年减排量,并对发电收益和CDM项目收益进行了比较及论证。     

零价铁还原和吸附去除水中污染物的研究进展

近年来,零价铁以其低毒、廉价、易操作且对环境不会产生二次污染等优点,在水污染治理中受到重视。文章介绍了零价铁处理污水的机理,对利用零价铁的还原和吸附作用去除污水中的氯代有机物、硝基芳香族化合物、偶氮染料、重金属、高氯酸盐、硝酸盐等的研究情况进行了综述,指出了零价铁废水处理技术的研究方向。     

生物质发电项目碳排放计算方法应用研究

生物质发电是将废弃生物质变成可再生能源得以充分利用,这些工程将减少来自于生物质自然腐烂和无控燃烧产生的温室效应,这不仅节约了煤炭的同时也减少了二氧化碳的排放。本文中以某生物质项目发电为例,根据CDM方法学ACM0006计算了该项目的减排量。结果表明,该项目10年间共减少了二氧化碳排放量2,075,140 t,给我国带来了可观的经济效益和环境效益。     

大学生减灾教育对策研究

灾害风险认知能力是进行减灾教育的基础,受众获取灾害知识与信息的方式是影响减灾教育方法的重要因素,而受众获取灾害知识与信息的途径则会直接影响灾害内容的传递效率和效果。本文针对以上所关心的问题,为了建立合理有效的大学生减灾教育计划,应对大学生防灾减灾意识和能力不足的现状,通过问卷调查,分析和研究了来自不同生源地大学生的灾害风险认知水平、获取灾害知识和信息的方式与途径。从自然灾害风险认知的视角,通过寻找不同特性大学生群体获取减灾知识与信息的差异和趋同性,提出了现势条件下针对大学生的减灾教育对策。     

基于强度折减法的港珠澳大桥沉管隧道干坞工程高边坡稳定性分析

在列举和分析比较当前岩土工程领域边坡稳定性分析的各种主要方法的基础上,概述了强度折减法的基本原理、主要特点和优势,并以港珠澳大桥沉管隧道干坞大型临时工程拟建场地的岩质高边坡为实例,应用强度折减法基于FLAC3D软件对该边坡的稳定性进行了计算和分析,确定了边界条件和强度参数,计算了该边坡的安全系数,结果表明自然工况下边坡处于稳定状态,底部开挖以后边坡趋于欠稳定状态,同时指出了边坡的关键变形部位,可为后续的设计和施工提供参考。     

Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 on Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst

The catalyst of Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 has been found to be more active than Fe-ZSM-5 and Mo/ZSM-5 separately for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) with NH3. The kinetics of the SCR reaction in the presence of O2 was studied in this work. The results show that the observed reaction orders were 0.74-0.99, 0.01-0.13, and 0 for NO, O2 and NH3, respectively, at 350-450℃. And the apparent activation energy of the SCR was 65 kJ/mol on the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst. The SCR mechanism was also deduced. Adsorbed NO species can react directly with adsorbed ammonia species on the active sites to form N2 and H2O. Gaseous O2 might serve as a reoxidizing agent for the active sites that have undergone reduction in the SCR process. It is also important to note that a certain amount of NO was decomposed directly over the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst in the absence of NH3.     

Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)吸附性能的研究

研究了以镁铝水滑石为原料制备的Mg/Al双金属氧化物对溶液中As(V)的吸附作用及其影响因素.结果表明：Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)具有较强的吸附能力,吸附规律符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,根据计算所得的理论最大吸附量为51.02 mg·g-1,与实验得出的最大吸附量50.53 mg·g-1基本一致;运用3种...     

Tween20对DDT在胶州湾沉积物上吸附行为的影响

研究了非离子表面活性剂失水山梨醇聚氧乙烯（20）醚月桂酸酯（Tween20）对二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（滴滴涕,DDT）在海洋沉积物上吸附动力学和热力学行为的影响.在实验浓度范围内,Tween20的加入能够加快DDT在沉积物上的吸附速率,吸附符合伪二级吸附速率方程,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温式,吸附作用随着Twe...     

Reducing sulfates concentration in the tannery effluent by applying pollution prevention techniques and nanofiltration

The use of large quantities of sulfuric acid and other sulfur-containing chemicals causes high sulfate concentrations in the wastewater of a tannery. The aim of this work was reducing the sulfate concentration in the final wastewater from a tannery. For that, firstly a study about the main sulfate sources in a tannery was carried out and the total sulfates load in the tannery wastewater was evaluated. Two measures for sulfates reduction were studied: the recycling of unhairing wastewater to the soaking drums and the reuse of the chromium sulfate from the tanning washing wastewater after its separation by nanofiltration (NF). The first measure proposed was studied experimentally in laboratory drums of 5 L of volume. Two series of experiments with different volumes of unhairing wastewater in the soaking bath were carried out. The quality of the final leather was evaluated by means of mechanical tests. NF experiments were carried out in a laboratory pilot plant with a spiral wounded membrane element. Concerning the results, the combination of 50% unhairing wastewater and 50% of fresh water was appropriate in order to obtain leather with an acceptable quality. Besides, it drove to a diminution of approximately 10% in the addition of sulfide in the unhairing. Related to the NF experiments, 97% of the sulfates were rejected by the membrane. The separated ions could be recycled to the tanning drums. The application of the two measures (firstly the recycling of the unhairing wastewater and secondly the NF of the tanning washing wastewater) drove to a reduction of 14.82 kg SO₄⁻² t⁻¹ of raw hide.     

电渗析法再生CO_2电还原电解液的研究

探索了电渗析法再生CO2电还原电解液的可行性。以HCOOK溶液作为CO2电还原反应后的模拟液,采用单室电渗析装置对其进行再生,考察了电流、时间、温度等操作条件对电流效率和再生率的影响,研究结果表明:在常温条件下,操作电流低于极限电流时,采用电渗析法再生CO2电还原电解液具有高的电流效率和再生率。