燃煤硫分对二氧化硫控制的影响

燃煤硫分不仅对SO2产生量有直接影响,而且对脱硫装置能否正常运行以及经济性也有影响。系统分析了燃煤硫分与脱硫装置的建设和运行、脱硫电价、脱硫成本、SO2绩效指标、煤价的关系,研究了其对SO2控制及经济性的影响,并指出了应对措施。     

Landfill mining: a critical review of two decades of research

Landfills have historically been seen as the ultimate solution for storing waste at minimum cost. It is now a well-known fact that such deposits have related implications such as long-term methane emissions, local pollution concerns, settling issues and limitations on urban development. Landfill mining has been suggested as a strategy to address such problems, and in principle means the excavation, processing, treatment and/or recycling of deposited materials. This study involves a literature review on landfill mining covering a meta-analysis of the main trends, objectives, topics and findings in 39 research papers published during the period 1988-2008. The results show that, so far, landfill mining has primarily been seen as a way to solve traditional management issues related to landfills such as lack of landfill space and local pollution concerns. Although most initiatives have involved some recovery of deposited resources, mainly cover soil and in some cases waste fuel, recycling efforts have often been largely secondary. Typically, simple soil excavation and screening equipment have therefore been applied, often demonstrating moderate performance in obtaining marketable recyclables. Several worldwide changes and recent research findings indicate the emergence of a new perspective on landfills as reservoirs for resource extraction. Although the potential of this approach appears significant, it is argued that facilitating implementation involves a number of research challenges in terms of technology innovation, clarifying the conditions for realization and developing standardized frameworks for evaluating economic and environmental performance from a systems perspective. In order to address these challenges, a combination of applied and theoretical research is required.     

近5年旅游研究发展趋势探讨——基于对国家自然、社会科学基金旅游类项目的分析

基于2008-2012年获批的国家自科基金与社科基金旅游类项目,从学科分类、时空分布、研究问题等角度进行统计分析,以期揭示我国近5年旅游研究进展及发展趋势.研究发现,旅游开发、旅游影响、旅游可持续发展研究为两类项目研究重点.     

安全科技人才教育发展战略研究

我国当前安全事故频发与安全科技人才匮乏有一定的关系，安全科技人才教育公共性的缺失是安全科技人才减少的主要原因，国家要走政府主导型的安全科技人才教育发展之路，从战略的高度对其进行研究，本文就这一问题进行尝试性的探索，旨在为我国安全产生提供数量足够的高质量的安全科技人才，为国家作出更大的贡献。     

The potential of bamboo as an interceptor and converter of solar energy into essential goods and services: focus on Ethiopia

SUMMARY

The sun is the ultimate energy source of the Earth. This energy is a resource if utilised, a menace if not. Plants collect and transform radiant energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis. Part of the converted energy is used for their maintenance, while the remainder is stored as biomass. The living biomass plays a vital role in ecological processes and relationships, and provides essential services: soil and water conservation, a buffer against the adverse effects of rain, wind and sun, aesthetics, recreation, and environmental cleaning. Harvested biomass provides safe energy and materials for production of valuable products through industrial processes and household-based technologies. In the absence of vegetation, solar radiation dries soil moisture and disrupts natural processes essential for healthy ecosystem sustenance. Light-use efficiency of plants is positively correlated with rate of growth and bamboos are among the fastest growing perennial plants. This paper is not a thorough review of radiation or bamboo. The following issues are highlighted: (1) The flow of sunlight to the Earth and its usefulness as a resource if used properly and its tendency to become a nuisance if not. (2) The virtues of bamboos as light interceptors and providers of goods and services, better than many tree species. (3) The endowment of Ethiopia with large natural bamboo resources, the availability of denuded land for expansion, and the urgency for proper management, expansion and utilisation for faster socio-economic development and environmental improvement.     

Toward Ecological Economy

Abstract

With the effect of the human trade doctrine in the international trade field, almost all the countries have paid more attention to the sustainable development of international trade. This article chose the export sustainable development as the research object. On the basis of the analysis of the theoretical connotation of the export sustainable development, this article tried to establish an evaluation indices system and set up an evaluation model of the export sustainable development level, and finally made some empirical research on China. The result indicates that the comprehensive level of the export sustainable development in China showed a tendency to rise from 1985 to 2003 and the export sustainable development level of China in these years can be divided into four grades: excellent, good, moderate and poor. In most years, the social economic benefits of export was obtained at the cost of the deterioration of environment and the depletion of resources, and the economic profit of export did not increase with the enlargement of the export scale because of the deterioration of the terms of trade. Therefore, China should be careful about the problem of poverty accompanied by the increase of export.     

活性炭纤维在含碳吸附型防护服中的应用

本文简述了含碳吸附型防护服的发展历程,具体阐述了活性炭纤维的主要特性以及作为吸附材料的防护机理,最后介绍了国内外活性炭纤维在含碳吸附型防护服中研究和应用的情况。     

大庆油田含油污泥资源化利用技术与实践

随着水驱、化学驱、生物驱等二次、三次采油技术在油田的推广应用,在处理采出液、地面设施运行维护过程中,伴生了大量的含油污泥。含油污泥产生数量大,环境危害强,其处理及治理问题,已经成为各油田所面临的重大环保瓶颈。为解决污泥的排放去向问题,大庆油田开展含油污泥的资源利用技术研究,制定了DB23/T 1413-2010《油田含油污泥综合利用污染控制标准》,并规模建成了含油污泥处理站,实现了油田含油污泥的减量化、资源化处理。     

基于知识图谱的应急管理研究态势分析

为直观展现国际范围内应急管理的研究态势,以2001—2011年间SSCI数据库中相关文献和数据为基础,运用Cite SpaceⅡ软件绘制应急管理研究领域的知识图谱。通过知识图谱可视化分析,展示国际应急管理领域主要研究力量的分布,应急管理研究的起源与知识基础,其学科领域和前沿的基本态势。研究结果表明,应急管理已成为研究热点,主要力量集中在欧美发达国家。相关研究起源于医疗卫生领域,目前研究内容延伸到自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件与社会安全事件等诸多领域。研究前沿问题集中在"恐怖主义"、"实时生产监控"、"突发事件"、"应急响应"、"应急护理"等方面。     

中国大陆和香港地区职业病名单之比较

为修订中国大陆《职业病目录》提供参考意见,通过循证决策分析,比较中国香港特别行政区职业病名单和中国大陆《职业病目录》的异同点和优劣势,探讨香港职业病名单制度实践经验。结果表明,两地职业病名单在立法程序、地位与作用、分类方法存在一致性,在列举方式、法律依据、制定机构、分类及覆盖范围方面有所不同。特别是中国大陆生物因素所致职业病及职业性肌肉骨骼疾病覆盖范围较窄。在修订《职业病目录》时,应根据社会经济发展需求,结合社会保障能力,逐渐扩大职业病覆盖范围,以适应职业病防治工作的需求。