瓦斯-煤尘-空气混合物爆炸数值计算

为研究煤尘对瓦斯爆炸特性的影响及不同浓度瓦斯-煤尘-空气混合物爆炸特征参数变化规律,对混合物建立均相湍流燃烧模型和混合物参数计算方法,采用Fortran语言对计算流体力学软件AutoReaGas进行二次开发。利用二次开发后软件研究了混合物爆炸特性,得到不同浓度瓦斯-煤尘-空气混合物爆炸规律及瓦斯-空气和瓦斯-煤尘-空气混合物爆炸特性对比。数值计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,表明该方法研究气-固两相爆炸是可行的,煤尘参与使瓦斯爆炸最大超压和最大压力上升速率分别提高1.8倍和4.7倍,反应速率明显上升。     

汶川地震次生灾害提取——面向对象影像分类技术的应用

遥感技术可快速准确地提取滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、堰塞湖等次生灾害信息。面向对象影像分类技术主要通过多尺度分割,并根据对象的特征进行模糊分类,可以很好的利用影像上下文信息,提高分类精度,与传统方法相比优势明显。利用汶川地震的震前、震后的福卫二号等数据进行研究,使用面向对象方法对北川附近灾情进行了变化检测分析;并结合DEM数据对唐家山堰塞湖璇坪乡区域震后初期的水体面积和蓄水增量进行了分析。在此基础上,总结了提取地震次生灾害的关键技术和工作流程。实验结果表明,应用面向对象的变化检测方法提取地震次生灾害可以取得很好的结果。     

中国红豆杉内生放线菌En-1的分离、鉴定及其次生代谢物的研究

采用选择性分离方法对药用植物红豆杉Taxus chinensis嫩枝和叶进行内生菌分离,得到一株放线菌En-1,经鉴定为链霉菌Streptomyces sp.;并对该菌进行液体培养条件优化、次生代谢物初筛及其抗菌活性的研究。通过添加宿主植物浸出物至En-1液体培养中以考察宿主对后者生长的影响,结果表明红豆杉叶浸出物能促进En-1的体外生长;而且En-1次生代谢物对5株供试菌中的黑曲霉具有抑制活性。通过En-1菌培养基优化并联合波谱法检测其发酵产物,显示8#配方（淀粉25 g.L-1,KNO3 1 g.L-1,K2HPO4.3H2O 0.5 g.L-1,NaCl 0.5 g.L-1,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01 g.L-1,MgSO4.7H2O 0.5 g.L-1）培养液中,En-1所产的次生代谢物最具结构多样性;同时8#配方也有利于该菌产生抗菌活性产物。本研究提示红豆杉内生放线菌可作为寻求药物先导化合物的资源菌。     

垫江县次级河流环境现状分析

垫江县次级河流部分水质指标不容乐观,以种植污染、养殖污染和生活污染为代表的农村面源污染日渐成为垫江河流污染的主要因素。改变垫江河流水质现状,必须尽量减少化肥农药施用,改变传统养殖模式,完善农村垃圾收运系统,加快建设农村废水治理设施。     

Bird Species' Tolerance of Secondary Forest Habitats and Its Effects on Extinction

Abstract:  Intense deforestation causes massive species losses. These losses occur because the habitats supplanting primary forest are inadequate to sustain viable populations of forest-dependent species. Despite this, certain species do seem to persist within the secondary habitats that replace original forest. This implies that there is a special class of species that might survive the loss of primary forest. Such a result would significantly influence conservation plans and extinction predictions. We tested whether species that tolerate secondary habitats survive extensive habitat loss and whether the same degree of loss threatens species that are forest obligates. To identify purported "survivors," we compared the remaining range sizes of endemic birds, their abundances, and their degree of extinction threat. We did this within the remaining Atlantic Forest of Brazil, a region extremely rich in endemics but with only approximately 10% of its forest remaining. We found no survivors. Habitat loss threatens forest-obligate birds and those using secondary habitats equally.     

煤无烟燃烧锅炉炉内燃烧特性分析

对一台所设计的DZL1．0-0．7-AⅢ煤无烟燃烧锅炉炉内燃烧特性进行了数值模拟。对床层反应，采用了基于热力学平衡法的“黑箱模型”，而对于床层上方炉膛空间内的气相湍流燃烧则采用了标准κ-ε模型、旋涡消散模型和离散坐标模型。采用非结构化四面体网格生成技术处理复杂炉膛几何空间的网格生成。通过数值模拟，得到炉内速度场，温度场，浓度场等参数的分布特性。结果表明：“多孔分层错列撞击流式”二次风的引入对于改变炉内流动和燃烧特性，加强炉内烟气和空气的混合，强化燃烧及实现炉内消烟除尘具有重要的作用。     

Pentachlorophenol degradation by Pseudomonas stutzeri CL7 in the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill

A pentachlorophenol (PCP) mineralizing bacterium was isolated from the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CL7. This isolate used PCP as its sole source of carbon and energy and was capable of degrading this compound as indicated by stoichiometric release of chloride and biomass formation. P. stutzeri (CL7) was able to mineralize a high concentration of PCP (600 mg/L) than any previously reported Pseudomonad with PCP as sole carbon source. As the concentration of PCP increased from 50 to 600 mg/L, the reduction in the cell growth was observed and the PCP degradation was more than 90% in all studied concentrations. This isolate was able to remove 66.8% of PCP from the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill when supplemented with 100 mg/L of PCP and grown for two weeks. This study showed that the removal e ciency of PCP by CL7 was found to be very e ective and can be used in PCP remediation of pulp paper mill waste in the environment.     

固定化三维电极-生物膜法去除污水中硝酸盐氮

本研究将固定化细胞技术用于三维电极-生物膜反应器的阴极微生物挂膜,对现有的三维电极-生物膜反应器进行了改进。同时,以城市污水二级生化处理系统的出水为研究对象,利用自制的固定化三维电极-生物膜反应器进行了反硝化深度脱氮试验。考察了电流强度、HRT、不同C/N值等因素对硝态氮和COD去除率的影响,并通过对比试验证实了固定化细胞技术的使用可提高反应器的反硝化性能。试验结果表明,在电流强度30mA,进水流量9mL/min时,COD的去除率为50%,硝态氮的去除率可达82.03%,反应器NO3--N负荷为0.297mg NO3--N(/cm2.d);同等操作条件下,采用固定化方法挂膜的反应器的脱氮效率可比普通反应器提高20%以上。     

污水厂二沉池出水化学除磷实验研究

在原水总磷较高的情况下,生物除磷已不能满足除磷要求。化学除磷作为生物除磷的重要补充显得非常重要。液体硫酸铝是一种很好的化学除磷药剂,在二沉池出水总磷大于2．00mg／L的情况下,60．00mg／L液体硫酸铝投加量可以使TP降至0．50mg／L以下,去除率达到80．00％以上。适宜的水动力条件是除磷效果的保证。     

Effect of illumination intensity and light application time on secondary organic aerosol formation from the photooxidation of α-pinene

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from hydroxyl radical (OH.) initiated photooxidation of α-pinene was investigated in a home-made smog chamber. The size distribution of SOA particles was measured using aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer. The effects of illumination intensity and light application time on SOA formation for α-pinene were evaluated. Experimental results show that the concentration of SOA particles increased significantly with an increasing of illumination intensity, and the light...