基于归一化的地震灾区道路危险性综合评价

道路选择问题是地震灾后应急救援必须解决的问题之一.为了对救援道路进行合理的选择,需要对灾区道路危险性进行综合评价.现有的综合评价中较少考虑归一化方法的选取对评价结果的影响,该文使用EM(Entropy Method)改进TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarit...     

煤气爆炸危险场所防爆电气设备选型

介绍了煤气爆炸危险场所的区域划分,说明了电气设备的防爆标志包括防爆型式、类别、级别和温度组别4个部分,对煤气场所防爆电气设备进行了选型,以防止电气火花的形成,减小煤气生产场所的爆炸危险.     

Evaluating surrogates of genetic diversity for conservation planning

Protected-area systems should conserve intraspecific genetic diversity. Because genetic data require resources to obtain, several approaches have been proposed for generating plans for protected-area systems (prioritizations) when genetic data are not available. Yet such surrogate-based approaches remain poorly tested. We evaluated the effectiveness of potential surrogate-based approaches based on microsatellite genetic data collected across the Iberian Peninsula for 7 amphibian and 3 reptilian species. Long-term environmental suitability did not effectively represent sites containing high genetic diversity (allelic richness). Prioritizations based on long-term environmental suitability had similar performance to random prioritizations. Geographic distances and resistance distances based on contemporary environmental suitability were not always effective surrogates for identification of combinations of sites that contain individuals with different genetic compositions. Our results demonstrate that population genetic data based on commonly used neutral markers can inform prioritizations, and we could not find an adequate substitute. Conservation planners need to weigh the potential benefits of genetic data against their acquisition costs.     

水处理活性炭吸附性能指标的表征与应用

使用碘值、苯酚值、甲基蓝值和丹宁酸值4种吸附容量性能指标组成水处理活性炭选型技术.经BET测试验证,碘值可以体现活性炭中孔径略大于1.0nm微孔的发达程度,表征比表面积大小;甲基蓝值则代表孔径大于1.5nm的微孔和中孔发达程度;而丹宁酸值代表直径大于2.8nm左右的中孔数量;苯酚值体现活性炭表面化学信息,可表征活性炭对于小分子芳环类和极性有机物的吸附能力.硝基苯、甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)、双酚A(BPA)、腐殖酸以及焦化厂二级生化出水的吸附实验结果均验证了该技术作为水处理活性炭实用选型方法的有效性.     

The environmental regulator and industrial development

Environmental regulatory agencies' administrative procedures have a significant impact on plant location. The authors review the basic reasons why companies build new plants and the constraints they operate under during site searches. The relationship between these issues and the regulatory agencies' administrative procedures is then shown, as well as the manner in which these procedures influence the site search. On the basis of this discussion, recommendations are made about how state environmental protection agencies can assist site seekers in a manner consistent with their regulatory responsibilities.     

湖北省主导产业的选择

依据主导产业的战略地位和功能以及湖北省地处内陆、资源条件组合良好的特点,确立了湖北省选择主导产业的四个原则,即资源优势原则、比较优势原则、关联效应原则、收入需求弹性和生产率上升原则,从这四个原则出发,阐述了湖北省适宜发展的相关产业。并着重从收入需求弹性和生产率上升原则、关联效应原则出发,分析了湖北省发展钢铁、汽车、房地产业得天独厚的条件及良好的市场前景,最后综合考虑确立湖北省的主导产业为：以轿车为     

Covariation between eumelanic pigmentation and body mass only under specific conditions

Identifying the factors that mediate covariation between an ornament and other phenotypic attributes is important to determine the signaling function of ornaments. Sign and magnitude of a covariation may vary across environments if the expression of the ornament or of its linked genes regulating correlated phenotypes is condition-dependent. I investigated in the barn owl Tyto alba whether sign and magnitude of covariation between body mass and two heritable melanin-based plumage ornaments change with food supply, along the reproductive cycle and from the morning to the evening. Using a dataset of 1,848 measurements of body mass in 336 breeding females, I found that females displaying large black spots were heavier than conspecifics with smaller spots in the afternoon (i.e., a long time after the last feeding) but not in the morning (i.e., a short time after the last feeding). This is consistent with the recently proposed hypothesis that eumelanin-based ornaments are associated with the ability to maintain energy balance between food intake and energy expenditure. Thus, covariation between melanin-based coloration and body mass can be detected only under specific conditions potentially explaining why it has been reported in only ten out of 28 vertebrate species. The proposition that ornamented individuals achieve a higher fitness than drab conspecifics only in specific environments should be tested for other ornaments.     

淮安市生活垃圾处理方案的优选

运用层次分析法对淮安市生活垃圾分选工艺从技术、经济、环境社会效益的角度进行对比优选,确定适合现阶段淮安市城市生活垃圾的分选工艺,为政府决策提供依据。     

中小型锅炉湿法脱硫后烟气再热方式的选择及应用

介绍了适用于中小型锅炉湿法脱硫装置的烟气再热方法,分析了各种方法的优缺点,并以济南北郊热电厂为例,通过详细技术经济分析,选择了最合理的烟气再热方法。经过实际应用检验,烟气再热设施运行效果良好,达到了预期目的。     

Short-sighted evolution of virulence in parasitic honeybee workers (Apis mellifera capensis Esch.)

The short-sighted selection hypothesis for parasite virulence predicts that winners of within-host competition are poorer at transmission to new hosts. Social parasitism by self-replicating, female-producing workers occurs in the Cape honeybee Apis mellifera capensis, and colonies of other honeybee subspecies are susceptible hosts. We found high within-host virulence but low transmission rates in a clone of social parasitic A. m. capensis workers invading the neighbouring subspecies A. m. scutellata. In contrast, parasitic workers from the endemic range of A. m. capensis showed low within-host virulence but high transmission rates. This suggests a short-sighted selection scenario for the host-parasite co-evolution in the invasive range of the Cape honeybee, probably facilitated by beekeeping-assisted parasite transmission in apiaries.