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91.
92.
花果期持续受渍对油菜生长、产量与含油量的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
油菜是江汉平原广泛栽培的越冬作物,在春季雨水较多时常遭遇持续受渍胁迫,对产量有明显影响。为了探索春季油菜田的排水管理,取得较高产量,通过测坑试验和小区试验,初步研究了花果斯持续受渍对油菜生长,产量和含油量的影响。结果表明:油菜花果期持续受渍,主要是通过单株的有效角果数,千粒重等因素影响产量;随着持续受渍时间的延长,各受渍处理的单株有效角果数减少,千粒重降低,产量下降,与对照相比,较短时间(比如2天)持续受渍对油菜生长发育,产量形成以及籽粒含油量影响不大,但较长时期持续受渍会对油菜的这些方面产生不良影响,此类水分胁迫是生产上重点防治的对象。因此,在考虑地下水位动脉及其作用时间对油菜影响的排渍指标研究中,应主要从持续受渍程度对产量的影响方面建立关系,确定适宜的新型排渍指标。 相似文献
93.
Flora C. Wang Allen R. Overman 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1981,17(6):971-977
ABSTRACT: The current dredge and fill practices in locating canals along the periphery of wetlands in south Florida are transforming natural basins that originally had primarily slower subsurface drainage to ones that discharge larger quantities of water faster, via a surface drainage system. The objective of this paper is to develop an analytical technique and a numerical model in quantifying the difference of surface and subsurface runoff before and after the construction of drainage canals, and for delineating the effects of drains on channel level and regional water tables in adjacent areas in south Florida. The surface runoff model is formulated on the climatic water balance technique, and the ground water model is treated as a one dimensional transient phenomenon that forms a nonlinear flow problem. Analytical solutions are derived through problem linearization. These two models are coupled to estimate the impact of drainage canals on the adjacent water table drawdown. 相似文献
94.
Dale A. Devitt David J. Donovan Terry Katzer Michael Johnson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(6):1735-1751
ABSTRACT: An essential component to the ground water budget for the Las Vegas Valley (LVV) in southern Nevada is discharge from the ground water system. Discharge for the LW has been based on estimates made more than 50 years ago of 35,524,224 m3 per year as evapotranspiration (ET) and 0 m3 per year as subsurface outflow. Newly published values for recharge based on a more robust data set (70,308,360 m3) indicate a large imbalance associated with the earlier discharge estimates, providing the basis for the reevaluation conducted in this study. ET estimates in this study, as opposed to previous studies, were assigned a range in values that included an approach that assigned higher weight to the unique soil, plant, water, and climatic conditions that existed in predevelopment (1905) LW. The earlier discharge estimates also assumed that the basin was hydrologically closed; however, based on our evaluation, a range in yearly discharge by subsurface outflow from 1,480,176 m3 to 19,735,680 m3 could be assigned. Likewise, a range in yearly ET from 20,475,768 m3 to 78,819,372 m3 could be assigned. Based on newly published recharge values, closure can only occur if higher values are assigned to both the subsurface outflow and/or ET components of ground water discharge. We cannot provide a complete water balance closure with our ground water discharge estimate of 64,140,960 m3. However our reevaluation gives support to the higher recharge estimates and provides the rationale for future studies to be conducted based on a more rigorous scientific assessment. 相似文献
95.
Aly I. El-Kadi 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1989,25(1):125-137
ABSTRACT: Techniques employed to simulate infiltration and subsurface ground-water flow were examined for a number of available watershed models. The large number of processes that these models simulate prohibits detailed analysis of subsurface flow, due to excessive computer and data requirements. Such models emphasize surface flow and include only that portion of water lost to the subsurface and the portion returned to the stream as baseflow. Problems were examined in adopting conjunctive use models, which allow the coordinated exploitation and management of both surface and ground-water resources. The application of conjunctive use models in water resources management is expected to increase dramatically over the next decade. 相似文献
96.
汤参-井水氡2008年度出现明显异常,本文进行了深入地分析研究。通过对比研究该井其他测项以及与其相邻的台站水氡资料,发现其他测项没有出现与汤参-井水氡同步大幅度异常,排除了汤参-井地下地应力显著改变的可能性,认为汤参-井水氡异常主要原因是由于其周围大量的地热井开采导致汤参-井地下水在流出地面越来越慢所致。 相似文献
97.
98.
99.
水量衡算条件下人工湿地对有机物的去除 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
构建了芦苇和无植物人工湿地,在系统水量衡算的基础上比较了两种湿地对生活污水中有机物的去除效果。结果表明,在植物收割后的冬季,有植物湿地对有机物的去除率低于无植物湿地2.2%;在其他季节,芦苇湿地对污水CODCr的去除率比无植物的高出3.2%~4.2%,但对BOD5的去除率却比无植物的低了1.8%~3.4%。有植物湿地对有机物的去除效果比无植物湿地有所改善,但是提高不多。比较了两种系统的氧化还原电位,有植物湿地比无植物湿地高(P<0.05),这种提高主要集中在湿地水面以下约15 cm的范围,从整体来看,两块湿地内部氧化还原状态大体相同,主要是强还原环境。比较了两块湿地基质中降解有机物的细菌、放线菌和真菌的数量,二者没有明显的差别,但是,有植物湿地的根际效应明显。考察了湿地进水有机负荷与去除量的关系,二者呈现显著的线性相关性(R2>0.96)。 相似文献
100.
实验室模拟"浅密式"暗管排盐工艺,以炉渣为暗管包敷滤料,研究在补水淋溶和重力水下渗作用下,暗管排水中总溶解固体(TDS)含量及土壤含盐量变化特征。试验结果表明,暗管排水中TDS含量呈先快后慢的下降趋势,其累积分布曲线用y=aln(x)+b模型拟合时,具有很高的拟合度;土壤的淋溶脱盐效果与土壤初始含盐量、淋溶次数、排水TDS总量及包敷滤料等因素相关;淋溶次数为5次,采用高炉液态渣为包敷滤料,厚度15 cm,1 200 mm2/m规格的波纹塑料暗管铺设方式,脱盐率可达69%。该研究可为炉渣应用于暗管排盐工程提供技术支持。 相似文献