超声导波技术在长输管道跨越段腐蚀检测中的应用

管道跨越段的检测一直是管道检验检测的难题之一,本文运用英国TWI集团Teletest Focus+MK4导波设备,对某在役的长输管道,综合选择了河流、沟壑、高速公路、水渠等多种不同服役环境管段,管径DN200至DN350不等6个跨越段进行检测,并进行案例分析.实践表明,导波检测技术对跨越段管道的单边检测距离在100m左...     

地下水有机污染调查采样精密度评估方法探讨

对国际标准化组织(ISO)在《水样采集与处理的质量控制指南》中提出的采样精密度控制方法不完全适用于地下水有机污染调查评价工作的部分进行了分析。在华北平原地下水有机污染调查评价工作的基础上,探讨了一种改进的采样精密度控制与评估方法,提高相关工作的质量控制水平。     

苏州市十年酸雨变化趋势分析研究

根据对酸雨现状及十年变化趋势分析,苏州市十年间酸雨污染程度总体呈上升趋势,在全省亦处于前列。环境空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮是造成酸雨的主要污染因子。从气象条件、能源消耗、污染源排放、产业结构等影响因素对酸雨污染变化原因及其与经济发展间的关系进行系统分析得出,苏州市酸雨污染总体形势不容乐观。     

低浓度SO2和NOx自动监测系统性能评价方法

通过对7种废气自动监测系统的比较研究和现场测试,提出了非分散红外法、紫外差分法、紫外荧光法、化学发光法等多种SO2和NO x自动监测技术在低浓度范围实现准确定量监测的性能评价方法,定义了CEMS的系统检出限及其主要影响因素。建议采用系统检出限、线性误差等关键参数作为低浓度CEMS的性能评价方法,提出将全系统多点标准气体校准或加标回收率作为验收和质控监督的基本方法。     

A Landscape Ecology Assessment of the Tensas River Basin

A group of landscape ecological indicators were applied to biophysical data masked to the Tensas River Basin. The indicators were used to identify and prioritize sources of nutrients in a Mississippi/Atchafalaya River System sub-basin. Remotely sensed data were used for change detection assessment. With these methods, we were able to look at land use practices over the past twenty years in the Tensas River Basin of Louisiana. A simple land use classification was applied to multispectral scanner (MSS) data from 1972 and 1991. The landscape analysis methods described in this paper will show how to use these methods to assess the impact of human land use practices that are being implemented to improve environmental quality. Landscape assessment methods can be used as a simple, timely, cost effective approach for monitoring, targeting, and modeling ecosystem health in watersheds. Although this study was conducted in the southeast, the methods described in this paper may be applicable to western landscapes.     

环境污染物快速检测技术的国内外研究进展

介绍了环境污染物的分类与危害,基于目前国内外不同类型污染物快速检测技术的研究进展,综述了包括离子传感器、气体传感器和生物传感器等在内的化学传感器选择性强、成本低廉、可检测痕量污染物的优势,以及便携式检测设备节省时间、避免样品采集、应用领域广泛的特点,并提出了污染物快速检测技术的未来发展方向。     

1971-2010年河南省夏季高温日数的变化趋势分析

基于河南省109个气象站1971-2010年夏季(6-8月)逐日最高气温和平均气温资料,采用气候统计学分析方法,分析了近40年河南省夏季≥35℃、≥38℃和≥40℃高温日数的时空特征及可能的变化趋势.结果表明:1971-2010年河南省夏季3个等级高温日数在空间上呈现出豫西北高海拔和豫东南低海拔地区较多,其它地区较少的分布特征,高值中心位于豫西地区的偃师附近,在时间上无显著的线性变化趋势,但是在年代间呈现出“多-少-多”的变化特征,最近10年夏季高温日数最多;从各台站趋势变化的空间分布看,豫西北海拔较高地区台站呈增加趋势的较多,豫东和豫西南台站呈减少趋势的较多.夏季平均气温和≥35 ℃(r =0.58,n=4360)、≥38℃(r=0.39,n=4360)以及≥40℃(r=0.27,n=4360)高温日数均呈显著正相关.在全球气候变暖背景下,未来河南省高温日数将可能进一步增加,特别是≥35℃的高温日数.     

A method for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticide residues in Mexican axolotl

A method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) was developed for quantitative extraction of three organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) from the Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. The determination was carried out using high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array spectrophotometric UV detection (DAD). The MSPD extraction with octadecylsilyl (C18) sorbent combined with a silica gel clean-up and acetonitrile elution was optimised for chlorpyrifos, fenthion and methyl parathion. The method was validated, yielding recovery values higher than 90%. The precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was less than or equal to 6% in muscle samples at spiking levels of 10 and 5 ppm. Linearity was studied from 15 to 60 ppm for chlorpyrifos and fenthion, and from 7.5 to 30 ppm for methyl parathion. The limits of detection (LODs) were found to be less than or equal to 0.5 ppm_.This method was applied to the analysis of samples from a chlorpyrifos-exposed axolotl, demonstrating its use as an analytical tool for toxicological studies.     

烧结烟气中SO3的测定

建立了烧结烟气中SO3的检测技术,包括SO3的采集装置和测定方法。实验结果表明:质量分数为80%的异丙醇适宜作为吸收液,方法的回收率为95.79%~102.80%,相对标准偏差为0.46%~1.38%。该技术能有效消除烟气中粉尘及SO2对测定的干扰,具有准确、可靠、方便等特点,可应用于烧结烟气脱硫等装置日常运行中SO3含量的测定。     

废弃电器电子产品拆解行业发展透析及趋势分析

《废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法》正式实施。基金化管理是借鉴国外成功的“生产者责任延伸制”,作为一种长效机制对处理企业未来的发展具有稳定和促进作用。废弃电器电子产品处理基金化运作的第一阶段已经顺利实行,取得了丰硕的成果和各种经验教训。总结过去和探讨未来是今后管理者、研究者和企业人需要共同完成的课题。