我国农药废水的处理现状及发展趋势

随着我图农药产量的逐年提高,农药废水的处理形势也日益严峻,因此农药废水处理的新工艺、新方法成为科研工作者研究的热点.根据文献资料,概述了农药废水的种类、特点及其处理方法,主要包括物理法,化学法和生物化学法,以及近些年发展的磁分离法和超声波技术处理法,并叙述了目前我国有机磷、有机氯、有机硫等农药度水的处理现状及研究成果,同时指出了新技术、新工艺的研究及实行清洁生产制度将成为我国农药废水处理技术的发展趋势.     

关于国际环境保护法的发展

阐述了国际环境法在近代和现代２个阶段的发展历程，相关内容、地位及作用，提出国际环境法的２个发展趋势；提高已缔条约中承诺的兑现程度；关注环境保护条约与贸易法则的冲突，还述及了中国国际环境法的贡献。     

Landscape dynamitic change in Mu Us Desert derived from Landsat TM data

Landscpae ecology emphasizes large areas and ecological effects of the spatial patterning of ecosystem.Recent developments in landscape ecology emphasized the important relationship between spatial patterns and many ecological processes.Quantitative methods in landscape ecology link spatial patterns and ecological processes at broad spatial and temporal scales.In turn the increased attention on temoral change of ecosystem has highlighted the need for quantitative methods that can analyze patterns.This research applies quantitative methods-change detection to assess the ecosystem temporal change in the arid and semiarid area.Remote sensing offers the temporal change of ecosystem on landscape characteristics.     

我国二氧化硫烟气治理技术现状及发展趋势

综述了我国现阶段常用的二氧化硫烟气治理技术原理，特点及应用水平，介绍了几种较受重视的二氧化硫烟气治理技术。电子束烟气脱硫技术，脉冲电晕放电气脱硫技术，膜吸收法，微生物脱硫技术。     

Carrier detection and microsatellite analysis of duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy in spanish families

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (D/BMD) are usually problematical when trying to determine the carrier status of at-risk women, which usually has to be based on haplotype or dosage analysis on Southern blots. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, we have detected deletions in 20 out of 44 D/BMD families with living affected members (45·5 per cent), more often in sporadic cases of DMD (14/22 with detectable deletion) than in familial ones (4/15), the majority (15/20) occurring in the distal region of the D/BMD gene. Four highly informative short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs), which lie within the distal deletion hot spot of the D/BMD gene, can show loss of heterozygosity in carrier females, providing direct evidence of their carrier status. These STRPs greatly improve informativity, with a combined heterozygosity of 100 per cent and with the majority of families informative for three of the four STRPs. In 14/15 (93 per cent) of the families with distal deletions, the STRPs provided direct information on carrier status, and in some cases, they provide valuable information on recombination breakpoints and non-paternity.     

浅谈我国环境监测技术发展趋势

文章从环境污染物的分析项目、监控介质、监测分析的精度、分析方法及技术、实验室管理系统、环境质量综合分析、生态评价等方面阐述了对我国环境监测工作的发展趋势的看法.     

HPLC荧光检测大气环境中苯并(a)芘及分布规律的研究

苯并(a)是强致癌物,被认为是环境中有多环芳烃类化合物存在的指标,本文使用美国光谱物理公司的高效波相色谱仪,以甲醇/水为流动相,采用spheri-5,RP-18柱及FL2000荧光检测器完成了大气颗粒物中BaP的测定,其加标回收率为91％,变异系数<5％,本方法最小检出限为0.02ng。同时,以马鞍山市大气环境中苯并(a)芘监测数据为第一手资料,对苯并(a)芘的分布状况、规律、危害作了研究。     

Identification of acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase in amniotic fluid by immune absorption technique

A method for immunological detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinesterase (ChE) in amniotic fluid is described. By addition of a small amount of antihuman-erythrocyte membrane antibody or anti-pseudocholinesterase antibody to the sample before electrophoresis the two esterase bands on polyacrylamide gel (PAG) can be absorbed away. Similar staining results can also be obtained by specific inhibition of the two esterases with either BW 284C51 (AChE inhibitor) or Lysivane (ChE inhibitor). In cases with a faint AChE band and in cases with blood contamination the immune absorption technique makes interpretation easier. Nearly identical staining results have been obtained by the immune absorption technique and the inhibition technique in the following samples with an AChE band: 34 samples from pregnancies with severe fetal malformation or intrauterine death (2 cases), 4 fetal serum samples, 4 samples of cerebrospinal fluid, 4 samples of fetal erythrolysate and 4 samples of adult erythrolysate. It can be concluded that an antibody prepared against erythrocyte AChE cross-reacts with AChE in cerebrospinal fluid, and that this antibody can be used for demonstration of AChE in amniotic fluid.     

The value of sonographic diagnosis of fetal malformations: Different results between indication-based and screening-based investigations

The advantages of a routine screening or indication-based ultrasound investigation during pregnancy are still under debate. This is the first study where both methods are compared in two different time periods. More malformations were diagnosed before the 24th week of gestation by means of screening-based than indication-based investigation (18 per cent vs. 5 per cent, P<0·005), and before 28 weeks in 26 per cent compared with 15 per cent respectively (P<0·01). Twenty-six per cent of all malformations were detected by means of screening-based investigations as opposed to 15 per cent by means of indication-based scans. Primary fetal malformations were also diagnosed much earlier (25 weeks vs. 30 weeks). Except for the fetal head, the detection rate of malformations was higher in nearly all other body regions of the fetus in the screening-based investigation. The most important advantage of a screening-based ultrasound investigation during pregnancy is to detect the malformations early enough in pregnancy for possible intrauterine treatment or to offer safe termination of pregnancy for the woman, at least for those anomalies that are lethal or significantly handicapping.     

等重下料技术及其工程化应用

简要介绍了应用于大直径棒料下料的等重下料技术 ,该项技术系现代光电传感技术及计算机控制技术在传统技术领域的应用。在弹体毛坯生产线上 ,首次实现了实时、快速、准确的全自动在线下料检测和控制 ,取代了原有人工下料过程。该项技术在其它制造加工领域也具有广阔的应用前景 ,对提高劳动生产率 ,节约原材料具有重要的经济意义。