松材线虫PCR标准化阳性对照构建及检测体系的建立

建立了松材线虫PCR检测标准化阳性对照及特异性强的PCR检测体系.根据松材线虫rDNA-ITS区和BxPe12基因的特异基因序列设计引物,并从中筛选出一对特异引物cqubs01/cquba01,该引物能从松材线虫特异性扩增出196 bp片段,而不能对其他种类线虫进行扩增.基于优化PCR反应体系和反应程序,稳定的检测体系得以建立,检测灵敏度为100 ps/μL.以松材线虫基因组DNA为模板,以上述特异引物进行PCR扩增,将纯化后的PCR产物与PMD18-T载体连接之后转入大肠杆菌中,筛选出阳性克隆进行测序验证,最终获得了松材线虫的无害化阳性对照,建立了松材线虫标准化阳性对照的PCR检测体系.对来自于不同地区的12批次近100个样品进行了实际检测验证,其结果与实际发生情况一致,说明本检测体系稳定可靠.图3表2参8     

Comparing geographic boundaries in songbird demography data with vegetation boundaries: a new approach to evaluating habitat quality

To plan for the habitat needs of forest songbirds of conservation concern, managers need to understand how spatial heterogeneity in forest conditions influences habitat quality. I used difference boundary detection (wombling) and spatially constrained clustering to delineate boundaries in various combinations of four forest vegetation variables (understory height, understory density, percent deciduous vs. conifer understory, and percent canopy closure) in two Michigan northern hardwood forests. My goal was to identify vegetation boundaries that corresponded with boundaries in an understory-dependent songbird’s distribution, and with boundaries in demographic measures for this songbird that indicate habitat quality (e.g., occupancy by older vs. yearling males, reproductive success). Both forests were actively-managed, mature stands: The first site (78 ha) was heavily deer-browsed (HB), with many browse-resistant conifers in the understory, and the second (62 ha) was less-browsed (LB), with deciduous-dominated understory. I compared the vegetation difference and cluster boundaries to difference boundaries based on 6 years of distribution and demographic data for black-throated blue warblers (Dendroica caerulescens). At the HB site, warbler boundaries overlapped strongly with vegetation boundaries that included all four variables, and clustering effectively divided the habitat into areas with different warbler occupancy and demographic characteristics. At the LB site, warbler distribution showed high overlap with difference and cluster boundaries based on just the height and density of understory vegetation, and cluster boundaries again effectively partitioned the study area into sites that varied in habitat quality. Thus, geographic boundary analysis is likely to be a useful tool for identifying key vegetation variables for management, and for delineating clusters (habitat patches) within sites that capture differences in habitat quality.

Determination of chemical warfare agents

Ethylarsine dichloride was used during WW I as a chemical warfare agent. Residues of this chemical warfare agent and its metabolites are still present today and continue to contaminate soil and water. A gas Chromatographic method for the detection and determination of ethylarsine dichloride is shown. Six dithiols were tested as possible derivatization reagents for ethylarsine dichloride. With selection of the dithiol, matrix interferences can be eliminated because of the different retention times of the derivatives.     

磷矿浮选废水治理的现状及发展趋势

阐述了我国磷矿浮选废水的危害性及处理现状,指出其处理方法的优点与不足。对磷矿废水处理的发展趋势进行了探讨,给出了生物处理法的简易流程,并就防治废水污染提出了几点建议。     

HPLC-安培检测测定废水中NO2-和S2-

采用反相离子对色谱法-电化学检测测定了废水中的NO_2~-和S~(2-)。对影响分离测定的诸因素进行了研究,建立了最佳色谱分离条件,方法具有快速、灵敏、选择性高等优点。     

Natural and Anthropogenic Changes in The Chemistry of Six UK Mountain Lakes, 1988 to 2000

Trends have been analysed for 12 years ofchemical data from six mountain lakes in the UK AcidWaters Monitoring Network (AWMN). With minimal localanthropogenic impacts, these sites offer the bestavailable opportunity for clear identification of surfacewater chemical response to external factors, whethernatural or anthropogenic. Results indicate that naturalclimatic variations have had a major impact on lakechemistry, through fluctuations in (i) intensity ofstorms, which cause dilution of weathering-derived basecations, and/or displacement of hydrogen and aluminiumions on soil exchange sites by deposited marine basecations; and (ii) winter temperature, which is thought tobe inversely related to spring nitrate (NO₃) maxima.Both climatic factors can be linked to the North AtlanticOscillation. For the first decade of AWMN monitoringthese natural `confounding factors' to a significantextent obscured any recovery from acidification due todeclining anthropogenic sulphur deposition. However, theadditional data presented here provide strengtheningevidence for chemical recovery at a number of sites, atwhich decreases in sulphate (SO₄), acidity andlabile aluminium can now be identified. It is believedthat changes at these sensitive mountain lake sites mayherald more widespread recovery in UK surface waters aspollutant emissions decline further. However, largeincreases in dissolved organic carbon, and hence inorganic acidity, may have partially offset reductions inmineral acidity. The cause of these increases remainsuncertain, but may be linked to climatic change.     

移动除尘电气安全控制系统的设计

介绍了铁合金浇注池用移动除尘系统的原理,同时对铁合金浇注池用移动除尘电气安全控制系统的原理、设计进行了阐述。通过多方案对比,选出了安全控制的设计方案,很好地解决了移动除尘系统中行车与烟气捕集罩之间同步安全的相关问题。     

基于深度学习的污染场地作业人员着装规范性检测

为解决污染场地修复作业中缺乏统一的人员安全保障管理措施以及人工监管困难的问题,结合HSE理念提出1种基于优化Faster R-CNN的作业人员着装规范性检测算法。该方法在回归损失函数中引入L2正则项,既保证模型的泛化能力,又提高深层网络模型收敛速度。基于自建着装规范数据集（Dress Code Dataset）进行实验,评价算法检测时间和mAP等指标。结果表明:所提出的着装规范性检测算法检测时间为44 ms,mAP为88.17%,解决了传统检测算法中实时性和准确率低的问题,且模型具有更好的泛化性和鲁棒性。     

Heavy metals detection in river water with cantilever nanobiosensor

Abstract

Heavy metals can be highly toxic depending on the dose and the chemical form. In this context, sensing devices such as nanobiosensors have been presented as a promising tool to monitor contaminants at micro and nanoscale. In this work, cantilever nanobiosensors with phosphatase alkaline were developed and applied to detect heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cd, Zn, Co, and Al) in river water. The nanobiosensor surface was functionalized by the self-assembled monolayers (SAM) technique using 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N- hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and phosphatase alkaline enzyme. The sensing layer deposited on the cantilever surface presented a uniform morphology, at nanoscale, with 80?nm of thickness. The nanobiosensor showed a detection limit in the ppb range and high sensitivity, with a stability of fifteen days. The developed cantilever nanobiosensor is a simple tool, suitable for the direct detection of contaminants in river water.