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91.
Julio Maldonado-Maldonado Adriana Márquez-Romance Edilberto Guevara-Pérez 《环境质量管理》2023,33(1):411-440
In this paper, the formulation, calibration, and validation of hybrid and coupled models for the design of upflow anaerobic filters in multiple separated stages were developed for organic matter removal from sanitary landfill leachates. Three novelties were presented, the type of reactor, design models, and kinetic coefficients. The upflow anaerobic filters were separated into two and three stages identified as UAF-2SS (DI-FAFS, in Spanish) and UAF-3SS (TRI-FAFS, in Spanish). The formulation, calibration, and validation of mathematical structures of hybrid models and five coupled models are proposed for each reactor. The hybrid models are based on the law of mass conservation, with the organic matter transformation component within the UAF-2SS and UAF-3SS reactors, being estimated from empirical equations that have been tested in aerobic culture reactors, adapted to the experimental factors, including among these, those under a non-stationary—advective conditions based on Velz's Law, Phelps's Law, and Monod's equation. The coupled models combine the components of the molecular transport by biosorption and molecular diffusion processes, with adaptations of the Stack's equation and Fick's Law, as well as transformation of organic substrates by biomass, whose kinetic coefficients contribute to explain the fraction, in which, the processes of mobility and biochemical transformation of the organic matter are occurring in the biomass within the bioreactors. 相似文献
92.
利用TWINSPAN(双向指示种分析)和CCA排序(典范对应分析)的方法,对北京西卓家营采砂迹地型退化湿地植被进行了群落类型划分,并探讨了湿地植被空间分布与土壤环境因子关系,确定了影响湿地植被空间分布的关键因子。结果表明:38个样方40个植物种可划分为7个群落类型,即茭白+针蔺群落(Zizania latifolia+Eleocharis congesta);牛鞭草+旋覆花+野艾蒿+竹节灯心草+茵陈蒿+扁杆藨草群落(Hemarthria sibirica+Inula japonica+Artemisia lavandulifolia+Juncus turczaninowii+Artemisia capillaries+Scirpus planiculmis);千屈菜+苣荬菜+小香蒲群落(Lythrum salicaria+Herba Sonchi Brachyoti+Typha minima);竹节灯心草+问荆+酸模叶蓼+芦苇群落(Juncus turczaninowii+Equisetum arvense+Polygonum lapathifolium+Phragmites australis);针蔺+扁杆藨草+茵陈蒿+野艾蒿群落(Eleocharis congesta+Scirpus planiculmis+Artemisia capillaries+Artemisia lavandulifolia);鬼针草+狗尾草+香蒲群落(Bidens pilosa+Setaria viridis+Typha orientalis)和朝天委陵菜+猪毛菜+大刺儿菜+稗群落(Potentilla supine+Salsola collina+Cephalanoplos setosum+Echinochloa crusgalli)。植物群落物种和土壤因子的CCA分析表明:益母草、大车前、猪毛菜主要受土壤pH的影响;茭白主要受氨氮、土壤有机质(SOM)的影响;马唐、鸡眼草主要受土壤全氮(TN)和Mg2+的影响;针蔺、狼杷草受土壤K+的影响;苦苣菜、苣荬菜、牛鞭草主要受土壤Na+的影响;黄香草木犀主要受土壤Cl-的影响;灰绿藜、大刺儿菜、球穗莎草主要受土壤NO3-的影响;扁杆藨草、小香蒲主要受全磷(TP)和含水率的影响。研究结论将为采砂迹地型湿地恢复提供科学支持。 相似文献
93.
综采工作面的粉尘防治一直是煤矿安全工作的重点和难题之一。结合双鸭山矿区新安矿综采工作面的实际状况,采用现场煤层高压注水实验方法,研究了高压注水条件下煤体增湿的规律;运用注水实验数据进行反演数值试验,优化煤层高压注水数学模型内部参数,利用注水数值模拟试验确定了综采工作面煤层高压注水减尘技术的最优参数;运用了高压喷雾降尘效率模型数值模拟方法,分析确定了综采工作面采煤机外置高压喷雾降尘的最优参数,研发了孔径为1.2 mm的7孔高压集成喷嘴。新安二矿、三矿煤层高压注水联合高压喷雾二级防尘技术应用效果表明:通过二级联合防尘措施,工作面全尘去除率高达96%,呼吸性粉尘去除率高达94%。 相似文献
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采用两级曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺,对生活污水进行处理。试验研究了两级曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺系统生物膜的培养过程和对CODC4,BOD5、SS、NH3-N等去除效果。试验结果表明生活污水经两级曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺系统处理后,出水BOD,与CODC4分别低于10mg/L和40mg/L,SS小于10mg/L,浊度小于8NTU,色度小于15度,总磷小于3mg/L,NH3-N小于2mg/L,NO3-N小于5mg/L,细菌小于3个/mL,大肠杆菌未检出;CODCr,BOD5的去除率分别超过90%、95%,SS和NH3-N去除率接近100%,出水稳定,水质较好,符合国家污水综合排放的水质标准,有利于污水的再生利用。 相似文献
99.
Electrochemical oxidation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in an acidic(pH 0.18 to 0.42) and high ionic strength electroplating solution was investigated. The electroplating solution is a major source of wastewater in the printing wiring board industry. A paraffin composite copper hexacyanoferrate modified(PCCHM) electrode was used as the anode and a bare graphite electrode was used as the cathode. The changes in PEG and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations during the course of the reaction were monitored. The efficiency of the PCCHM anode was compared with bare graphite anode and it was found that the former showed significant electrocatalytic property for PEG and TOC removal. Chlorides present in the solution were found to contribute significantly in the overall organic removal process. Short chain organic compounds like acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid and ethylene glycol formed during electrolysis were identified by HPLC method. Anode surface area and applied current density were found to influence the electro-oxidation process, in which the former was found to be dominating. Investigations of the kinetics for the present electrochemical reaction suggested that the two stage first-order kinetic model provides a much better representation of the overall mechanism of the process if compared to the generalized kinetic model. 相似文献
100.
IntroductionCompostingisanatureprocess,butmanyman inducedinnovativemeasureshavebeendevelopedtoacceleratecompostingefficiency .Variousspecializedseedinoculumshavebeenappliedforpracticalengineering(Biey ,2 0 0 0 ) .ThemicrobialfloraandthemassconcentrationofmicrobesinMSWcompostingprocessesunderlyinginoculationaredifferentinvariousstages(Lei,2 0 0 0 ;Akihito ,1998) .Atthesametime ,thelivingenvironmentofmicroorganismsisalsoincessantlychangingduetotheincreaseofmetabolizingproductionandconsumption… 相似文献