Effects of β-cyclodextrins on the enzymatical hydrolysis of chiral dichlorprop methyl ester

The effect of β-cyclodextrins(β-CDs) on the enzymatical hydrolysis of chiral dichlorprop methyl ester (DCPPM) was studied.Four kinds of β-cyclodextrins(β-cyclodextrin, Partly methylated-CD( PM-β-CD), hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD) and carboxymethylcyclodextrin(CM-β-CD) ) were used. Compared with 100% DCPPM in the absence of β-cyclodextrins, the activity of lipase decreased with the increase of β-cyclodextrin and PM-β-cyclodextrin. However, CM-β-cyclodextrin stimulated the lipase activity. The inhibition effect of β-cyclodextrin and PM-β-cyclodextrin on the hydrolysis of DCPPM is affected by many factors other than degree of the methylation blocking the active site of lipase. UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy studies of the complexation of aqueous DCPPM with β-CDs provide fresh insight into the molecular structure of the complex and explain the effects of β-CDs on enzymatical hydrolysis of chiral DCPPM. Data showed that inclusion complexes had formed by complexation of the CM-β-CD with DCPPM and the solubility of DCPPM was increased in water, which leaded to the increased lipase activity.     

基于ELISA的受体竞争结合法检测环境雌激素(Competitive Estrogen Receptor Binding Based ELISA for Detection of Estrogen in Environment)

为建立环境雌激素的体外快速筛选方法,采用免疫测定介导受体竞争结合试验定量检测环境雌激素.将17β-雌二醇-BSA固定在微孔板上,环境雌激素与微孔板上的17β-雌二醇-BSA竞争性地与雌激素受体结合,与微孔板上17β-雌二醇-BSA结合的受体与雌激素受体的抗体、雌激素受体抗体的二抗形成一个三明治形式的复合物,通过显色剂显色,最后用比色法对试验结果进行定量.结果表明,环境雌激素的浓度与溶液吸光度值成负相关.定量研究可以得到环境雌激素剂量-效应关系曲线,在一定浓度范围内(10ng·L-1～100μg·L-1),溶液的吸光度值与环境雌激素的浓度直接呈现良好的线性关系(R2=0.9583).利用这种方法能检测到的标准品雌二醇的最低浓度为10ng·L-1.以上结果表明,本方法检测环境雌激素操作简便,具有广泛的应用前景.     

Extraction of 17p-estradiol in water using non-imprinted polymer submicron particles in membrane filters

17β-Estradiol (E2) is an endocrine disrupting chemical of harm to both animals and human beings at a low concentration level (ng/L).It cannot be completely removed by wastewater treatments,and is often detected in both environment and drinking waters.The purpose of this feasibility study,towards environmental engineering in the field of water analysis and treatment,was to remove E2 by extraction using non-imprinted polymer (NIP) submicron particles.Experimental results showed that 0.5 mg/L of E2 could be completely extracted by adding 10 mg of NIP particles directly into 10 mL of water.However,the extraction efficiency decreased to 64% for 100 mL of water.prefilling the NIP particles inside a membrane filter showed a potential for water treatment of a large volume,requiring no effort to distribute the particles uniformly in the water.High extraction efficiency (80±10)% for E2 was achieved for 100 mL of water.A total mass of 0.29 mg E2 was extracted from 1000 mL of water containing 0.8 mg/L E2 (by using only 10 mg of NIP particles).Both efficiency and mass capacity can be increased,by scaling up the amount of NIP particles,towards environmental engineering applications.     

Biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites by coupling Aspergillus niger with Bacillus subtilis

To explore biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites accumulated in wastewater treatment, a series of bio-degradation experiments were conducted. Two main metabolites of 2-naphthol, 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with standards. Combining fungus Aspergillus niger with bacterium Bacillus subtilis in the treatment enhanced 2-naphthol degradation e ciency, lowered the accumulation of the two toxic metabolites. There were two main phases during the degradation process by the kinetic analysis: 2-naphthol was first partly degraded by the fungus, producing labile and easily accumulated metabolites, and then the metabolites were mainly degraded by the bacterium, attested by the degradation processes of 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone as sole source of carbon and energy. Sodium succinate, as a co-metabolic substrate, was the most suitable compound for the continuous degradation. The optimum concentration of 2-naphthol was 50 mg/L. The overall 2-naphthol degradation rate was 92%, and the CODCr removal rate was 80% on day 10. These results indicated that high degradation rate of 2-naphthol should not be considered as the sole desirable criterion for the bioremediation of 2-naphtholcontaminated soils/wastewater.     

钛基β-PbO2阳极催化性能及氧化机理研究

采用提拉法和电沉积法制作Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／β-PbO2阳极,通过SEM扫描、XRD分析和极化曲线测定表征具有良好结构和催化性能。利用该电极氧化靛红水溶液,表征Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／β-PbO2电极氧化机理,阳极氧化以[·OH]氧化有机物,次级氧化以阳极生成的活性相对差、寿命较长的H2O2,O3氧化有机物。Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／β-PbO2阳极氧化有机物是湿式氧化费用的30％～50％,具有广泛应用前景。     

固定化菌剂对污水和牛粪中雌二醇和己烯雌酚的去除作用

针对雌二醇(E2)和己烯雌酚(DES)易在污水和牛粪富集的问题,制备了具有去除E2和DES功能的固定化菌剂,并研究了其对污水和牛粪中E2与DES的去除作用.以E2降解菌Rhodococcus sp.JX-2与DES降解菌Serratia sp.S为供试菌,主要通过正交试验确定了固定化菌剂包埋方法,比较了固定化菌剂、游离态菌剂、空白小球对E2与DES的去除效能,并分析了菌剂用量、p H、含水量、翻堆时间对菌剂去除污水和牛粪中E2和DES的影响.结果表明,菌剂制备的最佳固定化条件为菌株JX-2与菌株S菌悬液体积比为1∶1,海藻酸钠质量分数5%,菌胶比为1∶2,Ca Cl2·2H2O质量分数4%.固定化菌剂对溶液中初始浓度为2 mg·L-1E2和DES的去除率分别达99.42%和84.59%.去除污水中E2和DES的最佳固定化菌剂用量为300g·L-1,p H值为5.0~6.0,能完全去除DES,E2去除率为95.85%;去除牛粪中E2和DES的最佳固定化菌剂用量为600g·kg-1,牛粪含水量为70%,翻堆时间间隔为12 h,能完全去除E2,DES去除率为97.41%.     

Inhibitory kinetics of β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by cadmium北大核心CSCD

Cadmium (Cd2+) pollution in an aquatic environment can negatively affect certain reproductive parameters of aquatic animals. β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) is considered to play an important role in the fertilization process. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Cd2+ on the activity of NAGase purified f rom the testis of Nile tilapia, toward contributing new knowledge on the breadth of negative effects of Cd2+ for Nile tilapia production. The kinetic method of substrate reaction was used for this assessment, and an inhibitory model was established to study the kinetics of NAGase under inhibition by Cd2+. The results showed that Cd2+ could reversibly inhibit the enzymatic activity of NAGase, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration was estimated to be 40.95 mmol/L. Cd2+ was found to be a competitive inhibitor of NAGase, and the inhibitory constant was determined to be 17.13 mmol/L. The microscopic rate constants of inactivation were also determined. Together, these findings demonstrate that Cd2+ is a reversible inhibitor that can competitively inhibit NAGase. These results may provide a theoretical foundation for further studies on the reproduction of tilapia. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.