梨树县农业生态环境的分析与建议

生态保护的重点是保护自然资源及由其组成的各类生态系统,预防环境污染和生态破坏,改善和恢复生态系统的环境功能,维护生态平衡。我县工业发展迅速,生态环境面临的压力不断加大,为改善其生态环境现状及存在问题,提出对策与建议,以实现全县经济社会的可持续发展。     

影响水中COD测定值关键因素的探讨

随着国家节能减排工作的大力推进,COD作为减排中四个重要约束性指标之一,其分析的准确性极大地影响着COD减排工作的顺利实施。本文根据《水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法》（GB11914—89）,结合《水质采样技术指导》（HJ494-2009）要求及笔者多年COD分析测试工作经验,着重探讨重铬酸盐法中水样中悬浮物及氯离子对测定结果的影响,以求在实际工作中能更准确、更方便地完成水样中COD的分析工作。     

关于对环卫机械液压系统污染物控制的研究

相比于控制技术,液压传动系统具有更好的优越性,且已在各领域当中得到了广泛的应用。但是在实际的工作运行当中,液压系统的污染故障率相当高,在75％左右。因此,对液压系统污染物的控制十分必要,是液压设备可靠正常运行的保障。下面,本文就环卫机械对液压系统污染物的控制进行研究,以为实际的污染物控制提供参考。     

环境质量分析与评价方法分析

当今社会,经济高速发展,人们生活水平不断提升的同时,环境问题越来越受到人们的关注。时环境质量的分析与评价作为一门新兴学科,是通过采用科学的方法,来对环境质量的真实情况进行反应,从而为环境污染的综合防治和环境规划提供科学的依据。下面,文章简要概述了环境质量的意义,阐述了环境质量评价的类型,并对环境质量分析与评价的方法进行分析。     

基于弹塑性时程分析的结构地震倒塌时间研究

地震过程中建筑倒塌前的时间段,是人员逃生的重要阶段,研究结构地震倒塌时间规律对人员倒塌逃生避险有重要的意义。针对地震逃生方法研究的需要,基于RC框架结构的典型倒塌模式建立简化结构模型;将60条不同特性的人工地震波输入到8个结构模型得到弹塑性时程分析结果,再以结构损伤指数为1的条件求得结构地震倒塌时刻;利用假设的双重调节模型和回归分析方法,对地震波峰值加速度、特征周期和结构自振周期等因素与倒塌时间的关系进行了研究,结果表明,特征周期和结构自振周期在峰值加速度对倒塌时间的影响中存在双重调节效应;整理已有研究文献的倒塌试验结果与回归模型对比,验证弹塑性时程计算对倒塌时间估算的可行性。     

绿色民生观视域下雾霾治理的价值探求与路径重构

近年来。雾霾问题愈演愈烈,日益成为社会各界关注的焦点,已在政治、经济、社会等诸多领域影响我国社会,如何有效解决雾霾问题成为摆在我国地方政府面前的一个重要课题。关于雾霾的治理问题也引发了当前我国学界、政界以及社会的广泛讨论。本文在解析绿色民生观生态价值意义之基础上,剖析了其与雾霾治理二者之间的契合性。进而提出了具体解决策略。     

《中国环境科学》获评“2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”

正2012年12月,《中国环境科学》被评为"2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"."中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"是中国科学文献计量研究中心、清华大学图书馆依据《CAJ国际引证报告》,按2011年度中国学术期刊被SCI期刊、SSCI期刊引用的总被引频次排序并经40多位期刊界专家审议,遴选出的TOP5%期刊.获评"中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"的科技类期刊共156种.统计分析结果表明,从定量分析的角度     

响应面法优化厌氧上清液除磷的研究

在用铁盐对厌氧段富磷上清液进行化学磷沉淀以实现磷的回收和达标排放的SBR系统中,为了减少铁盐化学除磷残余物可能对生物处理系统的影响,采用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验原理和响应面分析法,选择Fe:P、混凝搅拌强度、絮凝搅拌强度、搅拌时间等为自变量,残余铁离子为响应值,研究自变量之间的交互作用,以期优化化学除磷条件.通过Design-Expert 8.0软件得到1个二次响应曲面模型.得出最佳除磷条件:Fe:P比为1.40:1,搅拌强度为275r/min,快速搅拌时间为30s,絮凝搅拌强度为60r/min,絮凝时间为18min,沉淀时间为20min.在此条件下,化学混凝后残余铁离子浓度为0.37mg/L,化学除磷率大于97.66%.     

Biostability in distribution systems in one city in southern China：Characteristics, modeling and control strategy

This study investigated the bacterial regrowth in drinking water distribution systems receiving finished water from an advanced drinking water treatment plant in one city in southem China. Thirteen nodes in two water supply zones with different aged pipelines were selected to monitor water temperature, dissolved oxygen （DO）, chloramine residual, assimilable organic carbon （AOC）, and heterotrophic plate counts （HPC）. Regression and principal component analyses indicated that HPC had a strong correlation with chloramine residual. Based on Chick-Watson＇s Law and the Monod equation, biostability curves under different conditions were developed to achieve the goal of HPC 100 CFU/mL. The biostability curves could interpret the scenario under various AOC concentrations and predict the required chloramine residual concentration under the condition of high AOC level. The simulation was also carded out to predict the scenario with a stricter HPC goal （≤50 CFU/mL） and determine the required chloramine residual. The biological regrowth control strategy was assessed using biostability curve analysis. The results indicated that maintaining high chloramine residual concentration was the most practical way to achieve the goal of HPC ≤ 100 CFU/mL. Biostability curves could be a very useful tool for biostability control in distribution systems. This work could provide some new insights towards biostability control in real distribution systems.     

Biosorption mechanisms involved in immobilization of soil Pb by Bacillus subtilis DBM in a multimetal-contaminated soil

Mechanisms of soil Pb immobilization by Bacillus subtilis DBM, a bacterial strain isolated from a heavy-metal-contaminated soil, were investigated. Adsorption and desorption experiments with living bacterial cells as well as dead cells revealed that both extracellular adsorption and intracellular accumulation were involved in the Pb2＋removal from the liquid phase. Of the sequestered Pb（II）, 8.5% was held by physical entrapment within the cell wall, 43.3% was held by ion-exchange, 9.7% was complexed with cell surface functional groups or precipitated on the cell surface, and 38.5% was intracellularly accumulated.Complexation of Pb2＋with carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, amido, and phosphate groups was demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis. Precipitates of Pb5（PO4）3OH, Pb5（PO4）3Cl and Pb10（PO4）6（OH）2that formed on the cell surface during the biosorption process were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis. Transmission electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of the Pb（II）precipitates and that Pb（II） could be sequestered both extracellularly and intracellularly.Incubation with B. subtilis DBM significantly decreased the amount of the weak-acid-soluble Pb fraction in a heavy-metal-contaminated soil, resulting in a reduction in Pb bioavailability, but increased the amount of its organic-matter-bound fraction by 71%. The ability of B.subtilis DBM to reduce the bioavailability of soil Pb makes it potentially useful for bacteria-assisted phytostabilization of multi-heavy-metal-contaminated soil.