高温好氧反硝化菌的分离鉴定及其反硝化性能研究

通过高温筛选,从燃煤电厂生物滴滤系统填料的生物膜上分离出1株高效好氧反硝化细菌TAD1.该菌株革兰氏染色呈阴性,短杆状,大小为(0.67～0.89)μm×(1.03～1.41)μm;经生理生化特性和基于16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌为螯台球菌属(Chelatococcus 8p.).对菌株TAD1的反硝化性能进...     

氧化沟处理煤矿低浓度生活污水运行控制技术探讨

本文给出了济三煤矿生活污水水量和水质情况,以及采用卡鲁塞尔氧化沟处理该低浓度生活污水的工艺流程和特点。详细描述了实际运行过程中培养和驯化适应低浓度生活污水优势菌种的几个步骤,以及防止和控制污泥膨胀和老化的方法。运行试验结果表明：采用污泥回流比150%、控制氧化沟未端溶解氧（DO）1.5 mg/L,能取得最佳的CODcr去除率和总氮（TN）去除率,分别为76.7%和79.8%。     

采用Anammox颗料污泥工艺对酵母废水进行脱氮处理的研究

本实验采用先进的厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）颗粒污泥工艺对某酵母厂的二沉出水进行了毒性实验与连续流实验。毒性实验结果表明该类废水对Anammox细菌有一定的抑制作用,但没有影响最终的0去除效果;而近一介半月的连续流实验数据则表明：在进水氨氮浓度300-360mg／1的情况下,污泥负荷与容积负荷可以稳定地上升,出水氨氮在50mg／l以下,亚硝酸盐氮维持在5mg／1左右,氨氮去除率可达80％以上。     

Debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether by organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron：Preparation, characterization and influence factors

An organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron material(M-NZVI) was synthesized to degrade decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209). The results showed that nanoscale zero-valent iron had good dispersion on organo-montmorillonite and was present as a core-shell structure with a particle size range of nanoscale iron between 30–90 nm, characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XRF, ICP-AES, and XPS. The results of the degradation of BDE-209 by M-NZVI showed that the efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 was much higher than that of NZVI. The efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 decreased as the pH and the initial dissolved oxygen content of the reaction solution increased, but increased as the proportion of water in the reaction solution increased.     

改良UNITANK工艺在东鄱污水处理厂的应用分析

介绍了改良UNTIANK工艺在东鄱污水处理厂的应用情况,对比传统UNITANK工艺与改良UNTIANK工艺在除磷脱氮方面的去除效果,并讨论改良UNITANK工艺的结构、运行方式、工艺特点及存在问题,得出相关结论。     

Arsenic removal from groundwater by acclimated sludge under autohydrogenotrophic conditions

Arsenic in the environment is attracting increasing attention due to its chronic health effects. Although arsenite(As(III)) is generally more mobile and more toxic than arsenate(As(V)), reducing As(V) to As(III) may still be a means for decontamination, because As(III) can be removed from solution by precipitation with sulfide or by adsorption or complexation with other metal sulfides. The performance of As(V) bio-reduction under autohydrogenotrophic conditions was investigated with batch experiments. The results showed that As(V) reduction was a biochemical process while both acclimated sludge and hydrogen were essential. Most of the reduced arsenic remained in a soluble form, although 20% was removed with no addition of sulfate, while 82% was removed when sulfate was reduced to sulfide. The results demonstrated that the reduced arsenic was re-sequestered in the precipitates, probably as arsenic sulfides. Kinetic analysis showed that pseudo first-order kinetics described the bio-reduction process better than pseudo second-order. In particular, the influences of pH and temperature on As(V) reduction by acclimated sludge under autohydrogenotrophic conditions and total soluble As removal were examined. The reduction process was highly sensitive to both pH and temperature, with the optimum ranges of pH 6.5–7.0 and 30–40°C respectively. Furthermore, Arrhenius modeling results for the temperature effect indicated that the As(V) reduction trend was systematic. Total soluble As removal was consistent with the trend of As(V) reduction.     

低碳高氮污水处理应用技术研究

针对碳氮比小于7的污水,其碳源不能满足硝化与反硝化的要求这一问题,通过改变SBR工艺的运行方式、调解工艺参数等技术手段,使其能够达标处理此类工业废水,并通过某淀粉厂的工程实例进行了验证:采用改良的SBR工艺可以对低碳高氮污水进行有效的处理。     

SBR法处理低C/N污水的工程应用——以某基地污水处理站改造工程为例

低C/N污水的生化处理过程中,由于碳源不足,不能满足硝化和反硝化的要求,造成出水NH3-N超标。采用SBR工艺对某基地污水处理站厌氧处理后的低C/N污水进行改造,处理后出水COD去除率达到97%以上,NH3-N去除率达到93%以上。     

冬季低温下MBR与CAS工艺运行及微生物群落特征

研究了在冬季低温条件下,膜生物反应器(MBR)与传统活性污泥法(CAS)工艺运行效果及微生物群落特征的差异,对工艺出水水质和微生物活性进行了分析,并借助454焦磷酸高通量测序法对微生物群落组成和结构进行了解析.结果表明,三套对比工艺(MBR两套:高污泥浓度R1和低污泥浓度R2,CAS工艺R3)的出水总氮平均去除率分别为85.2%、56.1%、58.8%;NH+4-N的平均去除率分别为99.7%、99.7%、59.7%,比硝化速率由大到小依次为R2、R1、R3,比反硝化速率由大到小依次为R3、R1、R2,高浓度MBR污泥具有较好的耐寒特性和氨氮去除效果;从454焦磷酸测序结果看,相似性为97%时,菌群丰富度:R2>R3>R1,多样性:R2>R1>R3;MBR污泥微生物菌群的组成和丰度与CAS系统有较大不同;R1、R2、R3中主要的硝化菌为Nitrospira菌属,总相对度依次为:1.22%、1.64%、0.15%,主要的反硝化菌为Zoogloea菌属、Thauera菌属、Comamonadaceae菌属及Comamonas菌属,总相对丰度依次为:5.8%、4.52%、15.21%;低温环境下,泥龄长、污泥浓度高、TN负荷低的MBR系统有利于硝化、反硝化细菌累积,提升生物脱氮效果.     

半短程亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化联合脱氮工艺微生物特征研究进展

半短程亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化脱氮技术具有良好的发展前景,该工艺的发展以及应用分子生物学技术对好氧氨氧化菌种群和厌氧氨氧化种群生态学的研究备受人们关注.本文综述了工艺原理和影响因子诸如温度、pH值、氧的可利用性、游离氨浓度等对氨氧化菌及厌氧氨氧化菌的影响,并介绍了应用分子生物学方法对氨氧化菌与厌氧氨氧化菌的类别及分布的研究结果,并对该工艺提出了展望.