活性污泥糖类物质含量与其除磷能力的关系

分别以葡萄糖和醋酸为主要进水有机物，通过２只序批式反应器的连续运行，探索了污水生物除磷工艺中活性污泥糖类物质含量的变化与其摄磷能力的关系，发现将活性污泥糖类物质含量控制在较低水平是实现高效生物除磷的一个重要条件．     

A toxicity-based method for evaluating safety of reclaimed water for environmental reuses

A large quantity of toxic chemical pollutants possibly remains in reclaimed water due to the limited removal efficiency in traditional reclamation processes. It is not enough to guarantee the safety of reclaimed water using conventional water quality criteria. An integrated assessment method based on toxicity test is necessary to vividly depict the safety of reclaimed water for reuse. A toxicity test battery consisting of lethality, genotoxicity and endocrine disrupting effect was designed to screen the multiple biological effects of residual toxic chemicals in reclaimed water. The toxicity results of reclaimed water were converted into the equivalent concentrations of the corresponding positive reference substances（EQC）. Simultaneously, the predicted no-effect concentration（PNEC） of each positive reference substance was obtained by analyzing the species sensitivity distribution（SSD） of toxicity data. An index ＂toxicity score＂ was proposed and valued as 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the ratio of the corresponding EQC to PNEC. For vividly ranking the safety of reclaimed water, an integrated assessment index ＂toxicity rank＂ was proposed, which was classified into A, B, C, or D rank with A being the safest. The proposed method was proved to be effective in evaluating reclaimed water samples in case studies.     

多环芳烃的几种理化参数与LC50的相关性研究

对多环芳烃（PAHs)4种理化参数（KOW、SW、^1X、Vg(r))与LC50的相关关系进行了研究，建立了4种一元线性回归方程。结果表明，4种参数的相关系数分别为：0.7266、0.8083、0.9488、0.9570，经r检验，后两种属高度显著相关。用所建立的一元线性回归方程对7种PAHs的LC50进行估算，估算值民实测值相比，平均相对误差分别为58.84%、32.23%、17.61%、19.8%，用^1X和Vg(r)对LC50进行估算的估算度也较高。经比较，提出用Vg(r)估算PAHs对麦穗鱼LC50的新方法。     

Environmental pollution by persistent toxic substances and health risk in an industrial area of China

Soil is an important environmental medium that is closely associated with humans and their health. Despite this, very few studies have measured toxicants in soils, and associated them with health risks in humans. An assessment of health effects from exposure to contaminants in soils surrounding industrial areas of chemical production and storage is important. This article aims at determining pollution characteristics of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in an industrial area in China to unravel the relationship between soil pollution by PTS and human health. One hundred and five soil samples were collected and 742 questionnaires were handed out to residents living in and around an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in Northern China. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in soil. Mann-Whitney U and binary multivariate nonconditional logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between health indicators of local residents and contaminant levels. Odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for health incidences were also calculated. The average concentrations of DDT (73.9 ng/g), HCH (654 ng/g) and PAHs (1225 ng/g) were relatively high in the industrial area. Residents living in the chemical industry parks were exposed to a higher levels of PTS than those living outside the chemical industry parks. This exposure was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.12–30.06), stomach cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.26– 13.41), dermatitis (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05–2.80), gastroenteritis (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.94–2.68), and pneumonia (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.58–1.89).     

金属催化剂对油漆板材催化热解产物的影响

研究使用CaCO3、CaO、Fe2O3、还原铁粉、Na2CO35种金属催化剂对油漆板材进行热解,收集固、液两相产物进行产率计算和检测分析.结果表明,5种催化剂都有效提高了热解固相产物的产率,CaCO3、Na2CO3以及还原铁粉可以增加液相产品产率.钛元素在所有催化热解固相产物含量均较高,可能造成潜在的环境污染.热解液相...     

CANON工艺中的微生物及其相互关系

文章着重对新型生物脱氮工艺-CANON工艺中微生物学方面的研究进行了综述;论述了生物膜内可能发生的硝化、亚硝化、氨氧化等反应的原因及其相应的生物化学反应机理,继而指出生物膜内可能存在的几种微生物及其自身的物质与能量代谢途径;阐述了CANON工艺的微生物学工作原理,分析了工艺模型中各类功能微生物间的相互作用关系、生化反应机理和对处理效率的贡献.本文为该新型生物脱氮技术的实践应用打下了理论基础.     

碳纳米管辅助电子辐照处理有机废水的装置

该发明涉及一种碳纳米管辅助电子辐照处理有机废水的装置。该装置主要包括电子加速器、废水反应器和鼓风系统，其特征在于多个废水反应器内各设置有两个固定曝气头，曝气头通过管道与鼓风系统相连接；鼓风系统由一小型鼓风机、总管、分支管及阀门组成；在废水反应器上方设置有产生电子束辐照的电子束加速器；在废水反应器中加有起催化作用的碳纳米管；废水反应器中的有机废水在电子加速器产生的电子束辐照下同时受到来自鼓风系统和曝气头的均匀鼓风曝气。该装置结构简单，操作方便，具有高效、低耗处理高浓度难降解有毒有机废水的特点。     

高职院校新校区校园文化构建

对新校区和校园文化进行了界定,阐述了校园文化的功能以及高职院校校园文化的内涵。总结出了高职院校新校区校园文化建设的现状：物质文化先天不足;制度文化缺乏特色创新;行为文化不能整齐划一;精神文化有待提升。探索出了高职院校新校区校园文化的构建途径：拓展物质文化阵地;完备制度文化体系;提升精神文化品味;强化职业要素融入。     

处理生物难降解物质的有效方式--共代谢

介绍了共代谢的类型、特点和影响因素。共代谢过程针对各种生物难降解物质需选择各自合适的一级基质，而且一级基质与难降解物质需保持合适的浓度比；共代谢过程中微生物不仅需要足够的C、N、P等营养元素，而且微量营养元素的加入也是必须的。考虑各方面因素并有效地控制才能使难降解物质达到较高的共代谢率。     

化工项目环境风险评价中危险物质临界量的界定

在依据HJ 169—2018《建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》进行危险物质临界量界定的实际应用中,发现该导则存在危险物质种类及危险性质涵盖不全的问题。对比研究了与之相关的HJ 169—2004《建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》、HJ 941—2018《企业突发环境事件风险分级方法》、GB 18218—2018《危险化学品重大危险源辨识》、《赛维索指令Ⅲ》等技术规范和标准,构建了基于上述规范的危险物质临界量界定技术路线,为化工项目环境风险评价的实际工作提供借鉴。