基于气味探测技术的矿井输送机胶带火灾监测

将气味探测技术应用于矿井输送机胶带火灾监测,以较早、准确地探测胶带火灾.煤、橡胶、机油是煤矿井下引发胶带火灾的3种主要可燃物质,气味传感器对这3种物质的受热响应实验表明,气味传感器可以在相对于火灾发生时较低的温度下监测到煤(50℃)、橡胶(65℃)、机油(110℃)受热产生的气味,并以不同温度下传感器的输出变化值(即巷道的气味变化)来判断是否发生了火灾.研究了气味传感器在井下的布置方式,认为气味传感器宜布置在气味浓度较高的混合浓度区,并通过相似理论模拟得出其间距L.     

污染源下乡令人忧

从2006年至今,一到半夜,肥东县桥头集镇的村民三天两头就会被一阵刺鼻的气味呛醒。"熏嗓子,眼睛发疼,喘不过气来。"在镇上做生意的张凤英女士(应采访对象要求,此为化名)告诉记者,自己还因此而中毒过几次。"去年一次,今年两次。"张女士说自己的身体一直很棒,每年到医院检查也没有毛病,而导致自己中毒的罪魁祸首,就是家对面的那家防水材料厂所排放的毒气。     

苯的职业危害与防护

苯（Benzene,C6H6）在常温下为一种无色、有甜味的透明液体,并具有强烈的芳香气味。它易挥发,难溶于水,易溶于有机溶剂,能与乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、四氯化碳、二硫化碳、冰乙酸和油类任意混溶,微溶于水,本身也可作为有机溶剂。苯可燃,有毒,也是一种致癌物质。     

如何避免踩踏事故发生?又如何求生?

<正>踩踏,是一种极其原始的事故。每年东非大迁徙的过程中都有很多食草动物死于同类的蹄子之下。而人群的踩踏事故更是在史书上画下一个又一个血点。人类是天性爱群居的动物,一旦人群聚集,并被街道、房屋、楼梯、栏杆压缩,危险就出现了。原本有序移动的人群可能会因为一个小小的诱因而瞬间崩溃,这个诱因可能是一只断掉的高跟鞋、洒在光滑地面上的一杯饮料、一股气味、一句话,甚至不需要什么明确的诱因。下面是容易发生踩踏事故的情形:     

Addition of hydrogen peroxide for the simultaneous control of bromate and odor during advanced drinking water treatment using ozone

Complete removal of the characteristic septic/swampy odor from Huangpu River source water could only be achieved under an ozone dose as high as 4.0 mg/L in an ozone-biological activated carbon （O3- BAC） process, which would lead to the production of high concentrations of carcinogenic bromate due to the high bromide content. This study investigated the possibility of simultaneous control of bromate and the septic/swampy odor by adding H2O2 prior to the O3-BAC process for the treatment of Huangpu River water. H2O2 addition could reduce the bromate concentration effectively at an H2O2/O3 （g/g） ratio of 0.5 or higher. At the same time, the septic/swampy odor removal was enhanced by the addition of H2O2, although optimization of the H2O2/O3 ratio was required for each ozone dose. At an ozone dose of 2.0 mg/L, the odor was removed completely at an H2O2/O3 ratio of 0.5. The results indicated that H2O2 application at a suitable dose could enhance the removal of the septic/swampy odor while suppressing the formation of bromate during ozonation of Huangpu River source water.     

动态嗅觉测试法及其精度管理

本文介绍了动态嗅觉测试法的概念、测试过程、嗅觉实验室质量控制标准、仪器校准、嗅辨员筛选、测试结果的追溯评价等内容。动态嗅觉测试法具有数据可靠、重复性好、自动化程度高等特点，在恶臭污染嗅觉测试和评价中得到了广泛的应用，是一种值得借鉴的嗅觉测定法。     

基于生理信号的气味对运动性疲劳的影响分析

利用MP150多道生理仪记录心电和脑电等生理信号的变化,从嗅觉的角度,研究2种嗅觉刺激气体(桉树精油和工业废水)对运动性疲劳的影响,并以静息组做对照进行了3组试验。结果表明:1)方差分析显示,关于HR、MRR、Uα等静息组和精油组p0.05,达到显著性水平;2)心电数据分析显示,3组试验心率值均处于下降趋势,精油组下降速度最快,且下降的幅度最大;3)脑电数据分析显示,脑能量参数(Uα+Uθ)/Uβ的变化说明疲劳程度先增加后降低,嗅吸过精油后脑能量上升的幅度最小,开始下降的时间最早,且下降的幅度相对较大。这表明精油和工业废水对人体产生了不同的影响,但精油对心电和脑电信号影响较大,对运动后心率和疲劳的恢复有较好的作用。桉树精油能更好地缓解运动性疲劳。     

Simultaneous determination of ten taste and odor compounds in drinking water by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Taste and odor （T＆O） problems in drinking water frequently occur because of many compounds present in the water, of which trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol （geosrnin） and 2-methylisoborneol （MIB） are well-known. In this study, a fast and effective method was established for simultaneous determination of 10 T＆O compounds, including geosmin, MIB, 2,4,6-trichloroanisole （TCA）, 2-methylbenzofuran, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine （IPMP）, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine （IBMP）, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans,trans-2,4-heptadienal, trans, cis-2,6-nonadienal, and trans-2-decenal in water samples by headspace solid-phase microextraction （SPME） coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An orthogonal array experimental design was used to optimize the effects of SPME fiber, extraction temperature, stirring rate, NaC1 content, extraction time, and desorption time. The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 73 ng/L were lower than or close to the odor threshold concentrations （OTCs）. All the 10 T＆O compounds were detected in the 14 water samples including surface water, treatment process water and tap water, taken from a waterworks in Lianyungang City, China. MIB and geosmin were detected in most samples at low concentration. Six T＆O compounds （IPMP, IBMP, trans,cis-2,6-nonadienal, 2-methylbenzofuran, trans-2-decenal, and TCA） were effectively decreased in water treatment process （sedimentation and filtration） that is different from cis-3-hexenyl acetate, MIB and geosmin. It is noted that the TCA concentrations at 15.9-122.3 ng/L and the trans,cis-2,6-nonadienal concentrations at 79.9-190.1 ng/L were over 10 times higher than their OTCs in tap water. The variation of the analytes in the all water samples, especially distribution system indicated that distribution system cannot be ignored as a T＆O compounds source.     

善用气味你的生活大不同

故乡青草地的味道,儿时难忘的美食,无一不以气味的形式存留在人们记忆中.但嗅觉的魅力不仅只是留在记忆里,更多新的研究发现,气味会全面影响身心健康.为此,最新一期的<康健>指出,善用气味,也许你的生活会大不同.     

GMW3205:2000与SAE J1351气味测试标准差异解读

本文详细解读了GMW 3205:2000汽车内饰材料中气味散发测试方法以及SAE J1351绝缘材料气味散发测试方法之间的差异.介绍了汽车内饰件材料气味测试原理.以及气味试验的定义与实际使用中的意义等方面对GMW 3205:2000和SAE J1351气味测试标准进行差异分析.