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271.
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273.
水质五日生化需氧量测量的关键是用碘量法测水中溶解氧的含量,经过分析碘量法测定水中溶解氧含量测量不确定度的影响因素,认为测量的重复性的不确定度分量最大,其次是样品中溶液的体积,滴定溶液的体积和滴定溶液的浓度等不确定度分量.计算得到水中五日生化需氧量的测定结果的合成不确定度为6.4mg/L,扩展不确定度为12.8mg/L. 相似文献
274.
275.
Analytical solutions for contaminant transport are widely used for both theoretical and practical purposes. However, many existing
solutions are obtained subject to an initial condition of zero concentration, which is often unrealistic in many practical cases. This
article proposed a stepwise superposition approximation approach to solve the non-zero initial concentration problem for first-type and
third-type boundary conditions by using the existing zero initial concentration solution. Theoretical examples showed that the approach
was highly efficient if a proper superposition scheme with relative concentration increments was constructed. The key parameter that
controlled the convergence speed was the time increment (Δt) multiplied by the rate constant ( ). The approach served also as an
alternative way to make a convenient concentration calculation even if the non-zero initial concentration solution of a problem was
known. 相似文献
276.
Removal of trace arsenic(V) and phosphate from water by a highly selective ligand exchange adsorbent 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The ligand exchange adsorbent could be used to remove the toxic arsenic(V) and phosphate efficiently from water even in the presence of foreign anions and possible to apply in chemical industry. 相似文献
277.
Leaching solution of sludge incineration residue demonstrated a good pollutant removal efficiency for textile wastewater and can be reused as a textile wastewater treatment agent for pre- and post-processing. 相似文献
278.
高分子固体废物基活性炭对有机染料的吸附解吸行为研究 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:3
分别以3种高分子固体废物,即轮胎橡胶、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)为原料,利用KOH活化法制备高比表面积活性炭.通过吸附实验研究了活性炭对2种有机染料(亚甲基蓝和甲基橙)的吸附、解吸行为,同时探讨了溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对吸附的影响.结果表明,PVC和PET基活性炭比表面积分别为2 666和2 831 m2.g-1,中孔容积分别为1.06和1.30 cm3.g-1,15 min内对亚甲基蓝和甲基橙的去除率分别高达98.5%和97.0%、99.5%和95.0%,且Langmuir模型拟合的染料最大吸附量均超过2 mmol.g-1,显著高于商业活性炭F400.Langmuir模型比Freundlich模型能更好地描述2种染料的吸附行为,说明吸附以表面单层覆盖为主.溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对染料吸附均有较大影响.制备的高分子基活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附强于甲基橙,2种染料均不容易发生解吸.实验结果可为高分子固体废物的资源化利用、制备经济高效的碳质吸附材料提供科学依据. 相似文献
279.
以油页岩废渣为原料,通过酸浸法浸取油页岩灰渣中的铝酸钠溶液。采用焙烧活化方法将废渣中含铝的低活性晶体物质活化为高活性半晶体或非晶体物质,利用酸浸法浸取焙烧后的高活性含铝废渣,得到铝液;依据试验分析了影响酸浸法浸取铝酸钠溶液的主要影响因素为焙烧温度、焙烧时间、浸取酸浓度和浸取温度;得出酸浸法的最佳工艺参数:活化温度850℃,活化时间3h,选用酸浓度40%,浸取温度60℃,此时油页岩废渣铝浸取率为75%。 相似文献
280.
Effects of aluminum on water distribution system and human health mainly attribute to its speciation in drinking water. Laboratory
experiments were performed to investigate factors that may influence aluminum speciation in water supply system. The concentration
of soluble aluminum and its transformation among other aluminum species were mainly controlled by kinetics processes of related
reactions. Total aluminum concentration had a notable e ect on the concentrations of mononuclear and soluble aluminum in the first 4
day; then its e ect became weak. At pH above 7.50, both fluoride and orthophosphate had little e ect on aluminum speciation; while,
when the solution pH was below 7.50, the concentrations of mononuclear and soluble aluminum were proportional to the concentration
of fluoride and inversely proportional to the concentration of orthophosphate. Both mononuclear and polynuclear silicic acids could
complex with mononuclear aluminum by forming soluble aluminosilicates. In addition, the adding sequence of orthophosphate and
aluminum into drinking water would also a ect the distribution of aluminum species in the first 4 day. In order to minimize aluminum
bioavailability in drinking water, it was suggested that orthophosphate should be added prior to coagulant process, and that the
concentrations of fluoride and silicic acids should be controlled below 2.0 and 25 mg/L, respectively, prior to the treatment. The
solution pH in coagulation and filtration processes should be controlled in the range of 6.50–7.50. 相似文献