Nitrogen cycle of a typical Suaeda salsa marsh ecosystem in the Yellow River estuary

The nitrogen (N) biological cycle of the Suaeda salsa marsh ecosystem in the Yellow River estuary was studied during 2008 to 2009. Results showed that soil N had significant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution. The N/P ratio (15.73±1.77) of S. salsa was less than 16, indicating that plant growth was limited by both N and P. The N absorption coefficient of S. salsa was very low (0.007), while the N utilization and cycle coefficients were high (0.824 and 0.331, respectively). The N turnover among compartments of S. salsa marsh showed that N uptake from aboveground parts and roots were 2.539 and 0.622 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation from aboveground parts to roots and from roots to soil were 2.042 and 0.076 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation from aboveground living bodies to litter was 0.497 g/m2, the annual N return from litter to soil was far less than 0.368 g/m2, and the net N mineralization in topsoil during the growing season was 0.033 g/m2. N was an important limiting factor in S. salsa marsh, and the ecosystem was classified as unstable and vulnerable. S. salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat, and the nutrient enrichment due to N import from the Yellow River estuary would be a potential threat to the S. salsa marsh. Excessive nutrient loading might favor invasive species and induce severe long-term degradation of the ecosystem if human intervention measures were not taken. The N quantitative relationships determined in our study might provide a scientific basis for the establishment of effective measures.     

兰州银滩湿地5种植物对重金属吸附能力的分析

利用原子吸收分光光度法测定兰州银滩湿地5种植物及其生长土壤(表层)中Cu、Pb、Zn的含量,结果表明,采样区域表层土壤存在轻度Cu、Zn、Pb污染,其中Cu、Pb的来源或污染途径可能相同,且Cu、Zn、Pb的生物可利用性较低,TCLP生态风险评价显示均小于国际标准值;采样区域表层土壤Cu、Zn、Pb总量与TCLP提取量...     

《环境科学与技术》总目次

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人工湿地堵塞机理与应对措施研究

综述了现今国内外人工湿地污水处理系统堵塞的成因,分析了目前比较通用的预防手段、恢复措施和研究现状,并提出了今后人工湿地防淤堵技术的研究发展方向.     

基于多期遥感数据对岱海湿地的景观格局分析

文章提取了3期遥感数据的湿地类型,通过对景观格局的动态变化分析,说明了人为干扰和气候因素对岱海湿地的影响,为湿地管理提供了依据。     

不同基质的人工湿地去除猪场沼液中磷的性能

以猪场沼液为研究对象,通过静态吸附试验研究沸石、硅藻土、煤渣、铁粉、石英砂5种基质对磷的等温吸附特征,并采用一级和二级动力学模型分析吸附动力学过程。根据试验结果,构建了4种人工湿地单元研究人工湿地对猪场沼液处理效果及对高浓度沼液的抗冲击能力。结果表明,5种基质对总磷的吸附更符合非线性Langmuir方程。准二级动力学方程更能描述各种基质对总磷的动力学吸附过程。沸石对磷的最大饱和吸附量1.868 mg/g,对磷去除率最高,可达到96.01%。沸石-垂直流人工湿地在构建的4种人工湿地单元中具有最强抗冲击能力。     

Nitrogen mass balance in a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent

The nitrogen changes and the nitrogen mass balance in a free water surface flow constructed wetland （CW） using the four-year monitoring data from 2008 to 2012 were estimated. The CW was composed of six cells in series that include the first settling basin （Cell 1）, aeration pond （Cell 2）, deep marsh （Cell 3）, shallow marsh （Cell 4）, deep marsh （Cell 5） and final settling basin （Cell 6）. Analysis revealed that the NH4＋-N concentration decreased because of ammonification which was then followed by nitrification. The NO4＋-N and NO4＋-N were also further reduced by means of microbial activities and plant uptake during photosynthesis. The average nitrogen concentration at the influent was 37,819 kg/year and approximately 45% of that amount exited the CW in the effluent. The denitrification amounted to 34% of the net nitrogen input, whereas the accretion of sediment was only 7%. The biomass uptake of plants was able to retain only 1% of total nitrogen load. In order to improve the nutrient removal by plant uptake, plant coverage in four cells （i.e., Cells 1, 3, 4 and 5） could be increased.     

镜头

<正>山西黄河湿地天鹅飞翔2014年1月13日发布的第二次全国湿地资源调查结果显示:近10年间,我国湿地保护面积增加了525.94万公顷,湿地保护率由30.49%提高到43.51%。图为三只天鹅在山西省平陆黄河湿地上空飞翔。     

国外河口城市气候变化适应策略及对中国的启示

<正>河口地区是遭受气候变化影响最为严重的区域之一。密集的人口、繁荣的经济使得河口城市根据当地的气候变化威胁制定相应的适应策略变得尤为重要和紧迫。英国伦敦、美国纽约和新奥尔良、日本东京、加拿大温哥华等国际重要河口城市已经制定了详尽的适应气候变化策略,其中有很多有益的经验值得我国的河口城市学     

人工湿地各工艺段对含氮物质的去除效果分析

文章就马料河复合人工湿地的除氮效果进行分析结果表明,整个湿地系统的TN去除率约为55.9%,TN削减量为28.87 kg/d,其中表面流湿地最高,氧化塘湿地次之,潜流湿地最差。湿地系统的最佳水力负荷为0.1~0.4 m3/(m2·d),最佳污染负荷为:TN 1.0~10 mg/L,NH3-N 0.1~1.0 mg/L。4-10月份,人工湿地中植物处于生长旺盛期,氮净化效果处于最佳状态。