好氧生物处理对焦化废水中有机物的去除

本文在实验室条件下，对焦化废水采用完全混合式活性污泥法试验装置，考察了运行参数对有机物去除效果的影响，归纳总结了有机物（ＣＯＤ）去除负荷的动力学关系，测定了各单项有机物的组成、去除率和降解常数，并测定了曝气吹脱的影响。文中对焦化废水中有机物的整体去除规律（ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤ５）和所含各单项有机物的降解特性进行了较为详细的研究。     

废水的生物除磷

磷污染是造成水体富营养化的主要因子。该文介绍了去磷机制的假说:生物诱导的化学沉淀作用、生物过量积磷作用。介绍了生物除磷的原理:聚磷盐化学、聚磷盐的作用、积磷细菌以及积磷细菌在污泥中的发展。      

广东沿岸海域生物可利用性重金属的地理分布

利用牡蛎做监测生物，研究了广东沿岸海域生物可利用性重金属Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ的地理分布。牡蛎体的Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ含量存在着显著的地域差异，反映了广东沿岸海域生物可利用性的Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ在地域上存在很大的梯度。由牡蛎显示出的广东沿岸海域生物可利用性重金属的地理分布与广东沿岸海域受人为来源的重金属输入状况相一致，如实地反映了广东沿岸海域重金属污染的基本特征。     

新型地下水及设施的污染控制技术

利用核辐射法治理生物堵塞地下水井，在众多有希望的辐射净水技术中被证明是成功的和具有明显经济的工艺方法，描述了此项技术在德国，捷克，美国和俄国的应用和获得的经验。利用核辐射水力屏障法成功地就地净化了被氰化物污染的地下水，使出水中的氰化物浓度降低了一数量极。     

北京地区蜉蝣目（Ephemeroptera）稚虫的分布及与水质关系的研究

报道了北京地区几条主要河流蜉蝣稚虫的种类分布，探讨了其群落结构特征及其与水体环境质量之间的关系。运用种类多样性指数和聚类分析方法对各水体质量状况进行分类评价，结果表明白河和拒马河质量为最好，其余依次为永定河，清水河上游，潮河和清水河。     

生物法净化H_2S气体的研究

本文论述了采用生物膜法工艺净化Ｈ_２Ｓ气体的方法．研究表明：用城市污水厂活性污泥接种的生物滤池经低浓度Ｈ_２Ｓ气体直流通气驯化，可以培养出脱Ｈ_２Ｓ效果良好的脱硫菌群。这种生物脱硫系统的Ｈ_２Ｓ去除容量可达５．４ｇ／ｋｇ填料·~ｄ。脱硫过程在强酸性条件（ＰＨ＝ｌ～２）下进行时，效果良好。     

Enhanced biological nutrient removal by the alliance of a heterotrophic nitrifying strain with a nitrogen removing ecosystem

Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated in an airlift bioreactor （ALB）, augmented with a novel heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T under organic carbon to nitrogen ratios （Corg/N） ranging from 0 to 12. Effect of the inoculated strain was also determined on the settling properties and the removal of chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Two laboratory scale reactors were set up to achieve a stable nitrifying state under the same physicochemical conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen （DO）, and operated under the sequencing batch mode. The level of DO was kept at 0.5- 1.5 mg/L by periodic stirring and aeration. Each specific Corg/N ratio was continued for duration of 3 weeks. One of the reactors （BR2） was inoculated with P ammonioxydans H9^T periodically at the start of each Corg/N ratio. Sludge volumetric index （SVI） improved with the increasing Corg/N ratio, but no significant difference was detected between the two reactors. BR2 showed higher levels of nitrogen removal with the increasing heterotrophic conditions, and the ammonia removal reached to the level of 82%-88%, up to10% higher than that in the control reactor （BR1） at Corg/N ratios higher than 6; however, the ammonia removal level in experimental reactor was up to 8% lower than that in control reactor at Corg/N ratios lower than 2. The COD removal efficiency progressively increased with the increasing Corg/N ratios in both of the reactors. The COD removal percentage up to peak values of 88%-94% in BR2, up to 11% higher than that in BR1 at Corg/N ratio higher than 4. The peak values of ammonia and COD removal almost coincided with the highest number （18%-27% to total bacterial number） of the exogenous bacterium in the BR2, detected as colony forming units （CFU）. Furthermore, the removal of ammonia and COD in BR2 was closely related to the number of the inoculated strain with a coefficient index （R2） up to 0.82 and 0.85 for ammonia and