关于混凝土的可持续性

经过了几次重大的技术改进之后．用硅酸盐水泥制成的混凝土可能是世界上使用最多的人工材料．1997年全球水泥产量达到了15．7亿吨(Hmnphieys and Mahannah，2002)．这些水泥加上水、碎石和其他物质相当于10500亿吨用于建造房屋、办公楼、污水管道、大坝、混凝土道路等等的建筑材料。     

可爱的汽车

绿色汽车是指无公害和低公害的汽车。顾名思义，现有的汽车绝大多数是有公害的。汽车的发明为人类社会进步作出了巨大的贡献。尽管汽车带来了污染的弊病，但是人类再也不能没有汽车。所以必须反过来改造汽车，使汽车成为无公害的“绿色汽车”。     

石家庄市主要农作物灌溉节水潜力研究

利用田间作物灌溉试验数据，对作物单产产量与需水量的关系进行了模拟，并据此以县域为单元，计算了1984～2001年石家庄市主要农作物冬小麦、夏玉米和棉花获得逐年实际产量的理论总需水量、理论灌溉总需水量、实际灌溉用水量，测算了3种作物灌溉节水的空间。结果表明，1984～2001a。按照节水高效试验所得的产量需水模式。获得石家庄市3种主要作物产量的理论需水总量为23-29亿m^3／a，理论灌溉需水总量为8．8-13．8亿m^3／a，实际灌溉用水量平均约为17亿m^3／a，农业年均超采地下水5．67亿m^3／a。按照目前的种植结构和产量水平，石家庄市今后作物灌溉节水的理论上限为9亿m^3／a。即使加大节水投入，实现最大节水潜力的一半。仍不能弥补目前地下水的超采量。在2010年实现南水北调，部分城市用水归还农业用水，且实现最大节水潜力的一半的情况下，水资源方能勉强维持平衡。因此，石家庄市今后应一方面加大农业节水投入和管理。另一方面，也应根据水资源承载力适当减少高耗水的冬小麦播种面积，同时全面建设节水型社会，方能实现可持续发展。     

种植纤维素植物无法根本解决水体氧亏问题

<正>生物燃料作物对氮的需求量较低,因此如果使用这种作物将有助于减缓肥料中过剩的营养成分释放进入墨西哥湾.但是,一项新的研究指出,如果没有针对性的氮管理策略,这些"纤维素"生物燃料作物仍然会给墨西哥湾沿岸     

生活垃圾填埋场填埋气体的收集与利用

垃圾填埋沼气的回收利用是一项经济可行且对环境有益的技术。从填埋沼气的组成及其影响因素出发,探讨了沼气的产量计算、收集、输送和贮存途径,并介绍了净化工艺及其适用性。     

Fluxes of CH4 and N2O from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China

CH4 and N2O fluxes from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China were measured for one year using closed static chamber technique and gas chromatography method. Three treatments were set in the studied field: (A) litter-free,(B) with litter, and (C) with litter and seedling. The results showed that the soil in our study was a sink of atmospheric CH4 and source of atmospheric N2O. The observed mean CH4 fluxes from treatments A, B, and C were -50.0±4.0, -35.9±2.8,-31.6±2.8 μgC/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in2003 were -4.1,-3.1,and -2.9kgC/hm2,respectively.The observed mean N2O fluxes from treatments A,B,and C were 30.9±3.1,28.2±3.5,50.2±3.7μgN/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in 2003 were 2.8, 2.6, and 3.7 kgN/hm2, respectively. Seasonal variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were significant among all the three treatments. The presence of litter decreased CH4 uptake during wet season (P ＜ 0.05), but not during dry season. There was a similar increase in seedlings-mediated N2O emissions during wet and dry seasons, indicating that seedlings increased N2O emission in both seasons. A strong positive relationship existed between CH4 fluxes and soil moisture for all the three treatments, and weak relationship between CH4 fluxes and soil temperature for treatment B and treatment C. The N2O fluxes correlated with soil temperature for all the three treatments.     

邢台市将全部拆除水泥机立窑

邢台市政府公布拆除水泥机立窑进度计划表,今年将拆除44座水泥机立窑,削减水泥产量151万吨,明年将拆除剩余的28座,共削减水泥产量291万吨。届时,该市水泥生产将全部使用新型干法回转窑。