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971.
化学发光法检测空气中NO_2研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以0.2%的三乙醇胺水溶液作为二氧化氮吸收液,将空气中二氧化氮转化为亚硝酸盐,进而测出空气中二氧化氮的浓度。通过实验发现,进样方式、载流速度、硫酸浓度、溴酸钾浓度和酸性铬蓝K的浓度对该体系的发光强度都有影响,确定了体系的最优条件,建立了标准曲线,亚硝酸根的浓度在6.0×10-9~1.0×10-5mol/L范围内分段有很好的线性关系,检出限为8.5×10-11mol/L。对1.0×10-8mol/L和1.0×10-6mol/L的亚硝酸根进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差分别为1.8%和2.2%。用该方法对氧化剂实验室空气中的二氧化氮含量进行了检测并进行标准加入和回收实验,回收率在95%~104%之间,该法可用于大气环境中的NO2测定。 相似文献
972.
The ion chromatography combined solid phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the analysis of low concentration haloacetic acids (HAAs), a class of disinfection by-products formed from chlorination of hospital wastewater. The monitored HAAs included monochloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid. The method employed a sodium hydroxide eluent at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, electrolytically generated gradients, and suppressed conductivity detection. To analyze the HAAs in real hospital wastewater samples, C18 pretreatment cartridge was utilized to reduce samples' turbidity. Preconcentration with SPE and matrix elimination with treatment cartridges were investigated and found to be able to obtain acceptable detection limits. Linearity, repeatability and detection limits of the above method were evaluated. The detection limits of monobromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid were 2.61 μg/L and 1.30 μg/L, respectively, and the other three acids are ranging from 0.48 to 0.82μg/L under 25-fold preconcentration. When the above optimization procedure was applied to three hospital wastewater samples with different treatment processes in Tianjin, it was found that the dichloroacetic acid was the major compound, and the growth ratios of the HAAs after disinfection by sodium hypochlorite were 91.28%, 63.61% and 79.50%, respectively. 相似文献
973.
污泥屏障氧化缓冲容量与重金属再溶出关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
借助微生物厌氧活动特别是硫酸盐还原反应,污泥屏障可用来固定尾矿堆场重金属.针对尾矿风化淋滤形成的酸性采矿废水(AMD)与污泥之间发生的氧化还原反应导致的重金属溶出问题,通过氧化滴定实验研究了不同污泥悬液的氧化缓冲容量及其与重金属浓度的关系.结果表明,污泥悬液的氧化缓冲容量随着悬液固液比的增大略有减小,但随着悬液厌氧培养时间的延长而增加.污泥的氧化缓冲容量主要来自Eh≤-150mV的强烈还原区间,可达氧化缓冲容量的50%以上.氧化滴定过程中发现,当Eh≥-150mV时,Zn首先明显溶出;当Eh≥150mV时,Cu和Pb明显溶出.基于实验结果,建立了污泥屏障在AMD渗流条件下氧化缓冲容量消耗的数学模型.模拟计算结果表明,当AMD水头高度为10m时,厚度2m的污泥屏障经历AMD溶液38787a的渗透氧化,仍可保持原有的强烈还原状态,具备对重金属的固定效果. 相似文献
974.
Poly(pheniothiazine) films were prepared on a porous carbon felt (CF) electrode surface by an electrooxidative polymerization of
three phenothiazine derivatives (i.e.,Tthionine (TN), Toluidine Blue (TB) and Methylene Blue (MB)) from 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer
solution (pH 7.0). Among the three phenothiazies, the poly(TB) film-modified CF exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for
the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) at +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The poly(TB) film-modified CF
was successfully used as working electrode unit of highly sensitive amperometric flow-through detector for NADH. The peak currents
(peak heights) were almost unchanged, irrespective of a carrier flow rate ranging from 2.0 to 4.1 mL/min, resulting in the measurement
of NADH (ca. 30 samples/hr) at 4.1 mL/min. The peak current responses of NADH showed linear relationship over the concentration
range from 1 to 30 mol/L (sensitivity: 0.318 A/( mol/L); correlation coefficient: 0.997). The lower detection limit was found to be
0.3 mol/L (S/N = 3). 相似文献
975.
Simultaneous removal of chromium and arsenate from contaminated
groundwater by ferrous sulfate: Batch uptake behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chromium and/or arsenate removal by Fe(II) as a function of pH, Fe(II) dosage and initial Cr(VI)/As(V) ratio were examined in
batch tests. The presence of arsenate reduced the removal e ciency of chromium by Fe(II), while the presence of chromate significantly
increased the removal e ciency of arsenate by Fe(II) at pH 6–8. In the absence of arsenate, chromium removal by Fe(II) increased to
a maximum with increasing pH from 4 to 7 and then decreased with a further increase in pH. The increment in Fe(II) dosage resulted
in an improvement in chromium removal and the improvement was more remarkable under alkaline conditions than that under acidic
conditions. Chromium removal by Fe(II) was reduced to a larger extent under neutral and alkaline conditions than that under acidic
conditions due to the presence of 10 mol/L arsenate. The presence of 20 mol/L arsenate slightly improved chromium removal by
Fe(II) at pH 3.9–5.8, but had detrimental e ects at pH 6.7–9.8. Arsenate removal was improved significantly at pH 4–9 due to the
presence of 10 mol/L chromate at Fe(II) dosages of 20–60 mol/L. Elevating the chromate concentration from 10 to 20 mol/L
resulted in a further improvement in arsenate removal at pH 4.0–4.6 when Fe(II) was dosed at 30–60 mol/L. 相似文献
976.
977.
文章建立了一种测定环境水体中8种酸性除草剂残留量的分析方法。1 000 mL样品在pH<2的情况下由乙醚分三次萃取后,萃取液经脱水,K-D浓缩至约1 mL,转移到衍生瓶中。在衍生瓶中补加2 mL正己烷、1 mL甲醇、8滴浓硫酸,80℃水浴加热1 h,进行甲醇衍生化处理,衍生后的样品运用气相色谱-质谱联用-分段选择离子扫描技术测定,内标法定量。结果表明:8种除草剂在0.05~2.5μg/L范围内线性均良好;方法灵敏度高,检出限均低于或等于0.02μg/L;方法的准确度和精密度高,在0.10、0.50、1.00、1.50μg/L添加水平下所有除草剂的回收率均在82.07%~116.99%之间,相对标准偏差RSD≤7.68%;经实际样品检测,可用于测定环境水体中酸性类除草剂的残留量。 相似文献
978.
979.
980.
通过对矿区选矿废水污染河流的底质进行采样分析,探讨了底质颗粒物粒径与砷、铬含量的关系及其砷、铬的吸附特性与吸附贡献率的关系.结果表明,底质中砷污染十分严重,而铬污染程度较轻.在垂直方向上底质中砷的分布无明显差别,但铬的分布差异性显著.砷、铬含量随着污染底质颗粒的变小而增加,呈负相关关系,且砷达到显著性水平.底质中砷、铬吸附贡献率具有相似的特性,2条贡献率曲线呈"双峰型",最大吸附贡献率出现在粒径为250~500 μm和710 μm~2 mm处.粒径500~710 μm处有一低谷,质量分数对铬吸附贡献率的影响达到极显著水平,相关系数0.999.为了使河流免遭二次污染,组织人力物力清理河流底质是十分必要的. 相似文献