高效经济除铅吸附剂的开发与应用

本文通过对凹凸棒石粘土的改性处理探讨高效除Pb吸附剂的加工制作方法和条件。用0.5mol/L H_2SO_4处理8h后,再在450℃下热处理1h所得的制剂性能稳定。Pb吸附量大,且除Pb速度快,在30min之内即可完成平衡吸附的96%以上,Freundlich吸附指数为0.165。     

多边形源下风方向的污染物浓度

面源下风方向空气颗粒物或气体浓度计算涉及到二重积分。当面源是圆形或多边形时,文中给出了高斯烟流模型降解为一重积分的形式。文中还给出了当下风距离超过窄烟流近似法应用极限距离2到3倍时的近似计算方法,精确度达到了10％,计算速度提高了5倍。     

低DO浓度下短程硝化试验研究

进水氨氮浓度不变，低DO下启动并运行了短程硝化试验，考察了反应器内的氨氮氧化和亚硝酸盐积累情况。试验结果表明反应器内氨氮几乎全部被氧化，污泥浓度从4500mg／L下降到870mg／L，此时亚硝酸盐的积累率为55％，说明只控制DO的浓度很难实现高的积累率，同时受到温度和污泥龄等的较大影响。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

广州荔湾湖整治前后生态环境变化调查

章根据广州荔湾湖清淤截污前后水质监测结果、水生物藻类和鱼类鉴定及荔湾湖周边植被调查进行综合分析，结果表明：荔湾湖水质有了一定的好转，生物多样性也有明显改善，但湖水水质仍处于富营养状态，部分污染物浓度仍较高。因而，荔湾湖的环保工作应进一步加强，使该湖区水质达到广州市水质标准。