金属有机骨架材料MIL-101用于气态碘单质的吸附与释放

目的研究金属有机骨架材料MIL-101对气态碘单质的吸附与释放。方法采用水热合成法合成金属有机骨架材料MIL-101,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N2吸附脱附等温线等表征方法对合成的MIL-101样品进行表征。将制备的金属有机骨架材料MIL-101在75℃环境下对气态碘单质进行吸附,将吸附后的材料于无水乙醇溶液中进行碘单质的释放。结果随着吸附时间的推移,金属有机骨架材料MIL-101对气态碘单质的吸附量逐渐升高,并于8 h逐渐达到饱和吸附量2.61 g(I2)/g(MIL-101)。MIL-101在无水乙醇溶液中随着时间的延长,材料吸附的碘单质渐渐释放出来。结论 MIL-101对气态碘单质在较高温度下有着优异的吸附效果,并表现出良好的循环使用性能,适合用于核电站蒸汽中放射性气态碘的吸附。     

Removal of antimonite and antimonate from water using Fe-based metal-organic frameworks: The relationship between framework structure and adsorption performance

We investigated the adsorption performance of five Fe-based MOFs (Fe-BTC, MIL-100(Fe), MIL-101(Fe), MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-88C(Fe)) for removal of antimonite (Sb(III)) and antimonate (Sb(V)) from water. Among these MOFs, MIL-101(Fe) exhibited the best adsorption capacities for both Sb(III) and Sb(V) (151.8 and 472.8 mg/g, respectively) which were higher than those of most adsorbents previously reported. The effect of steric hindrance was evident during Sb removal using the Fe-based MOFs, and the proper diameter of the smallest cage windows/channels should be considered an important parameter during the evaluation and selection of MOFs. Additionally, the adsorption capacities of MIL-101(Fe) for Sb(V) decreased with increasing initial pH values (from 3.0 to 8.0), while the opposite trend was observed for Sb(III). Chloride, nitrate and sulfate ions had a negligible influence on Sb(V) adsorption, while NO₃^? and SO₄^2? improved Sb(III) adsorption. This result implies that inner sphere complexes might form during both Sb(III) and Sb(V) adsorption.     

某烷基苯厂F-101A加热炉炉管爆炸事故分析

本文针对某烷基苯厂F-101A加热炉炉管爆炸事故原因进行了深入分析,根据该起爆炸事故的伤亡情况、事故经济损失、事故现场建(构)筑物损害情况,应用蒸气云爆炸模型对该爆炸事故后果严重度进行了计算分析,计算结果与爆炸现场基本吻合,能比较客观地反映爆炸事故实际情况,可为该类事故原因分析提供借鉴.     

Culture,local capacity,and outside aid: a community perspective on disaster response after the 2009 tsunami in American Sāmoa

Research on diverse cultural contexts has indicated that aid organisations often fail to leverage local, culturally‐grounded resources and capacities in disaster‐affected communities. Case‐study methodology was employed to explore the relationship between local and external disaster response efforts in American Sāmoa following the earthquake and tsunami on 29 September 2009 in the southern Pacific Ocean, with a specific focus on the role of culture in defining that relationship. Interview and focus group data from 37 participants, along with observational data, suggested that the local response to the event was swift and grounded in Samoan cultural systems and norms. External aid was viewed as helpful in some respects, although, on the whole, it was seen as a disruption to village hierarchies, social networks, and local response efforts. The study discusses the implications for the role of outside aid in diverse cultural contexts, and makes suggestions for improving the ecological fit of post‐disaster interventions.