排序方式: 共有55条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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大气扩散模型AERMOD与CALPUFF输入数据的对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
科学地选取大气扩散模型是计算结果能够反映客现实际的前提.输入数据处理的正确与否直接影响后续大气扩散模型的预测结果.比较不同模型输入数据之间的差异是模型选取的主要依据之一.文章简述了大气扩散模型AERMOD和CALPUFF的技术流程,对两个模型的气象数据、地理数据和污染源数据进行了对比.对于利用大气扩散模型预测污染趋势具有一定的参考价值和实际意义. 相似文献
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建筑物影响下大气污染物扩散数值模拟方法的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用计算流体力学软件Fluent6.3.26提供的大涡模式和国标推荐的AERMOD模式分别对方形建筑物影响下的大气污染物扩散进行了模拟,通过与风洞实验结果的比较,对各模式的模拟能力进行了评价.结果表明,大涡模式对污染物散布特征的模拟与风洞实验结果基本一致,对建筑物顶部、空腔区和尾流区等区域污染物浓度分布的模拟效果均处于可接受水平;AERMOD模式模拟结果与风洞试验结果偏离较远,尤其是对空腔区污染物散布的模拟能力较差,误差较大.与大涡模式Y/H =0平面流场模拟结果对比(H为建筑物高度),AERMOD模式对风场的假设未能客观地反映建筑物附近气流变化的基本特征,是误差的主要来源之一,建议结合大涡模式订正,提高模拟结果的准确性. 相似文献
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Ariel F. Stein Vlad Isakov James Godowitch Roland R. Draxler 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2007,41(40):9410-9426
A modeling tool that can resolve contributions from individual sources to the urban environment is critical for air-toxics exposure assessments. Air toxics are often chemically reactive and may have background concentrations originated from distant sources. Grid models are the best-suited tools to handle the regional features of these chemicals. However, these models are not designed to resolve pollutant concentrations on local scales. Moreover, for many species of interest, having reaction time scales that are longer than the travel time across an urban area, chemical reactions can be ignored in describing local dispersion from strong individual sources making Lagrangian and plume-dispersion models practical. In this study, we test the feasibility of developing an urban hybrid simulation system. In this combination, the Community Multi-scale Air Quality model (CMAQ) provides the regional background concentrations and urban-scale photochemistry, and local models such as Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) and AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD) provide the more spatially resolved concentrations due to local emission sources. In the initial application, the HYSPLIT, AERMOD, and CMAQ models are used in combination to calculate high-resolution benzene concentrations in the Houston area. The study period is from 18 August to 4 September of 2000. The Mesoscale Model 5 (MM5) is used to create meteorological fields with a horizontal resolution of 1×1 km2. In another variation to this approach, multiple HYSPLIT simulations are used to create a concentration ensemble to estimate the contribution to the concentration variability from point sources. HYSPLIT simulations are used to model two sources of concentration variability; one due to variability created by different particle trajectory pathways in the turbulent atmosphere and the other due to different flow regimes that might be introduced when using gridded data to represent meteorological data fields. The ensemble mean concentrations determined by HYSPLIT plus the concentrations estimated by AERMOD are added to the CMAQ calculated background to estimate the total mean benzene concentration. These estimated hourly mean concentrations are also compared with available field measurements. 相似文献
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生活垃圾焚烧的大气Hg排放所带来的人体健康风险一直倍受社会关注。依据上海市DB 31/768—2013《生活垃圾焚烧大气污染物排放标准》中Hg的排放速率限值,采用AERMOD对上海市某生活垃圾焚烧厂排入大气的Hg浓度分布进行计算并借助VOXLER实现三维化空间分布模拟,进而利用健康风险评估模型计算当地居民面临的健康风险,并借助不确定性分析方法—Monte Carlo评估各个参数的敏感性。结果表明:宏观上,大气中Hg的浓度以排放源为中心向周边衰减,空间浓度最大值1.86×10-4mg/m3位于(-500 m,0 m,80 m)处;最大浓度点位的成人和儿童风险区间非致癌危害商值分别为0.200~0.480和0.280~0.620,不会对当地居民造成健康危害,空气吸入量和体重分别是成人和儿童Hg风险计算的主要不确定性因素。 相似文献
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以某炼油污水处理装置为例,根据其运行现状及恶臭气体的监测结果,使用卫生防护距离反推法、源强经验估算法以及地面浓度反推法3种方法对恶臭气体源强进行估算,并利用AERMOD模式进行预测,对预测值与监测值进行方差分析。实验结果表明:在监测得到的NH3和H2S的平均质量浓度分别为0.113,0.006 mg/m3的条件下,卫生防护距离反推法得到的NH3和H2S的无组织排放源强分别为2.395,0.127 kg/h。源强经验估算法得到的NH3和H2S的源强分别为0.255,0.080 kg/h,地面浓度反推法得到的NH3和H2S的源强分别为3.120,0.250 kg/h;源强经验估算法为炼油污水处理装置气体源强估算的最优方法。 相似文献
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AERMOD模型地表参数标准化集成系统研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对大气环境影响评价工作中存在的一些问题和需求,构建了基于全国高分辨率土地利用数据、GIS地理信息系统、AERSURFACE地表参数处理模块的集成系统.该系统以研究区域土地利用类型为核心,着眼于通过标准化、自动化的方法提高AERMOD的模拟效果,最终建立一套全国地表参数综合数据库.结合内蒙古上都电厂的现场监测结果,对该系统修正后的地表参数进行模拟验证,结果表明,修正后模拟结果的FB值和RHCR值分别为0.37、1.41,相比于修正前的结果更加接近0和1,说明了经AERSURFACE修正后的地表参数更能反映真实的扩散情况. 相似文献