废水处理工艺的优化

本文根据活性污泥（ＡＳ）工艺的特点，提出了用现场和试验室的监测控制方法较好地调整处理系统的性能，保证出水达标排放     

氨氮测定时应注意的几个问题

纳氏试剂比色法是测定水中氨氮的国家标准方法[1].标准方法对氨氮的介绍比较详细,测定步骤也较简单,但实际工作中,情况比较复杂,条件较苛刻,实验空白值难以达到要求(A≤0.030),很多具体的因素都干扰影响该方法的灵敏度,也直接影响分析结果的精密度和准确度.根据多年的实际工作经验,将氨氮测定过程中容易出现的问题及注意事项进行了总结.     

活性炭纤维吸附—催化燃烧新装置处理有机废气

介绍了一种处理有机废气的吸附一催化燃烧新型装置，以活性炭纤维为吸附剂，结合多单元分流组合式吸附床，采用PLC电脑来实现整个系统的连续运行，实际运行结果表明，对于处理大风量、低浓度的有机废气，该技术与其它技术相比具有净化效率高、节能降耗、自动化水平高等优点。     

工业企业噪声环境影响评价中的测点布设与测量、预测时段的选择

指出工业企业噪声环境影响评价中，由于测点与测量时段选择的不妥，导致测量及预测值“以偏代全”的结果；提出了测点合理布设与测量、预测时段科学选择的原则，以使测量与预测结果能较好地符合项目建成前后噪声环境实际状况。     

饱和吸氰炭再生方法及其机理的研究

研究了饱和吸氰炭的化学药剂再生与活化方法，确定工作条件，经含Ｈ２Ｏ２，甲醛的０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ溶液再生，再用含１０％ＣｕＣｌ２的２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ溶液活化后活性炭的性能恢复到原炭的９６％以上，研究表明，经再生与活化后炭样的比表面积所增加，中孔，微孔所占的比例增大，表面含氧基团增多是再生炭获得理想处理效果的主要原因。     

Prevalence of driver physical factors leading to unintentional lane departure crashes

Objective: Some lane-keeping assist systems in development and production provide autonomous braking and steering to correct unintentional lane drift but otherwise require drivers to fully control their vehicles. The goal of this study was to quantify the proportion of drivers involved in unintentional lane drift crashes who would be unable to regain control of their vehicles to inform the design of such systems.

Methods: The NHTSA's National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey collected in-depth, on-scene data for a nationally representative sample of 5,470 U.S. police-reported passenger vehicle crashes during 2005–2007 that occurred between 6 a.m. and midnight and for which emergency medical services were dispatched. The physical states of drivers involved in the 631 lane drift crashes in the sample, which represented 259,034 crashes nationally, were characterized.

Results: Thirty-four percent of drivers who crashed because they drifted from their lanes were sleeping or otherwise incapacitated. These drivers would be unlikely to regain full control of their vehicles if an active safety system prevented their initial drift. An additional 13% of these drivers had a nonincapacitating medical issue, blood alcohol concentration (BAC) ≥ 0.08%, or other physical factor that may not allow them to regain full vehicle control. When crashes involved serious or fatal injuries, 42% of drivers who drifted were sleeping or otherwise incapacitated, and an additional 14% were impacted by a nonincapacitating medical issue, BAC ≥ 0.08%, or other physical factor.

Conclusions: Designers of active safety systems that provide autonomous lateral control should consider that a substantial proportion of drivers at risk of lane drift crashes are incapacitated. Systems that provide only transient corrective action may not ultimately prevent lane departure crashes for these drivers, and drivers who do avoid lane drift crashes because of these systems may be at high risk of other types of crashes when they attempt to regain control. Active lane-keeping assist systems may need to be combined with in-vehicle driver monitoring to identify incapacitated drivers and safely remove them from the roadway if the systems are to reach their maximum potential benefit.     

Influence of light zones on drivers' visual fixation characteristics and traffic safety in extra-long tunnels

Objective: Special light zone is a new illumination technique that promises to improve the visual environment and improve traffic safety in extra-long tunnels. The purpose of this study is to identify how light zones affect the dynamic visual characteristics and information perception of drivers as they pass through extra-long tunnels on highways.

Methods: Thirty-two subjects were recruited for this study, and fixation data were recorded using eye movement tracking devices. A back-propagation artificial neural network was employed to predict and analyze the influence of special light zones on the variations in the fixation duration and pupil area of drivers. The analytic coordinates of focus points at different light zones were clustered to obtain different visual fixation regions using dynamic cluster theory.

Results: The findings of this study indicated that the special light zones had different influences on fixation duration and pupil area compared to other sections. Drivers gradually changed their fixation points from a scattered pattern to a narrow and zonal distribution that mainly focused on the main visual area at the center, the road just ahead, and the right side of the main visual area while approaching the special light zones. The results also showed that the variation in illumination and landscape in light zones was more important than driving experience to yield changes in visual cognition and driving behavior.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that the special light zones can help relieve drivers' vision fatigue to some extent and further develop certain visual stimulus that can enhance drivers' attention. The study would provide a scientific basis for safety measurement implementation in extra-long tunnels.     

车船用内燃发动机噪声污染及其控制

分析内燃机的噪声源和传统的无源降噪方法，结合作者的研究工作介绍了一种随计算机技术和现代控制理论发展起来的主动消声新技术一有源降噪。     

长江流域水环境演化规律研究平台及切入点初探

对长江流域水环境演化规律的研究 ,应该针对国家迫切需要解决的、尤其是水质酸化和污染、洪涝灾害威胁加剧等水环境问题 ,提出科学的解释 ,为流域水环境修复提供基础理论。回顾和总结了 5 0多年来前人在长江流域水环境研究方面所取得的成果 ,这些成果为今后进一步开展研究构筑了良好的基础平台。对长江流域水环境的研究应出系统性、整体性和综合性 ,围绕长江干流水质保护和中游地区防洪两个重中之重 ,强化对水环境演变动力学机制的研究 ,摸清流域水、泥沙与污染物相互作用规律及其对水环境恶化的机制 ,建立流域水文、泥沙与水质之间非线性、复杂巨系统的耦合关系及其系统模拟。还提出了长江流域水环境研究的 7个切入点