Adsorption characteristics of Cu and Ni on Irish peat moss

Peat has been widely used as a low cost adsorbent to remove a variety of materials including organic compounds and heavy metals from water. Various functional groups in lignin allow such compounds to bind on active sites of peat. The adsorption of Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) from aqueous solutions on Irish peat moss was studied both as a pure ion and from their binary mixtures under both equilibrium and dynamic conditions in the concentration range of 5-100mg/L. The pH of the solutions containing either Cu(2+) or Ni(2+) was varied over a range of 2-8. The adsorption of Cu(2+) and Ni(+2) on peat was found to be pH dependent. The adsorption data could be fitted to a two-site Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity of peat was determined to be 17.6 mg/g for Cu(2+) and 14.5mg/g for Ni(2+) at 298 K when the initial concentration for both Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) was 100mg/L, and the pH of the solution was 4.0 and 4.5, respectively. Column studies were conducted to generate breakthrough data for both pure component and binary mixtures of copper and nickel. Desorption experiments showed that 2mM EDTA solution could be used to remove all of the adsorbed copper and nickel from the bed.     

含苯胺类染料废水处理研究

染料中间体在生产过程中会产生含苯胺、氰化物等污染物的高浓度、高毒性有机废水,可生化性较差。本文设计了以萃取、吸附、氨吹脱为主的物理化学预处理方法,然后再以生化法处理的工艺流程。处理后污水可以达到国家二级排放标准。     

改性玉米秸秆对水溶液中硝酸根的吸附动力学研究

为了将玉米秸秆资源化,成为一种能够有效去除水及废水中硝酸根的吸附剂,将玉米秸秆进行化学改性制备了阴离子交换剂.重点研究了改性玉米秸秆对硝酸根的吸附热力学及动力学特性.结果表明,改性玉米秸秆对硝酸根的吸附均符合Langmuir等温模式和Freundlich等温模式.在20℃和40℃条件下的最大吸附量分别为80.8407 mg·g-1和72.7273 mg·g-1.吸附过程放热,降低温度有利于吸附的进行.改性玉米秸秆对硝酸根的吸附为快速吸附过程,30min内即可达到吸附平衡.改性玉米秸秆对不同初始浓度硝酸根的吸附过程均为一级反应,吸附过程受液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散同时控制.研究结果表明,改性玉米秸秆是一种良好的硝酸根吸附剂.     

Adsorptive efficacy analysis of lignocellulosic waste carbonaceous adsorbents toward different mercury species

Adsorptive efficacy of lignocellulosic waste char (LW-CHAR) and activated carbon (LW-AC) toward inorganic (Hg²⁺) and organic (MeHg⁺) mercury ions was studied. The LW-CHAR and LW-AC were, respectively, prepared by carbonization and KOH activation processes of lignocellulosic waste (LW) carried out at 700 °C. The Hg²⁺ adsorption onto the LW-CHAR was lower than LW-AC, however, an opposite result was observed for the MeHg⁺ indicating the nature of the surface interactions of both mercury ions to respective adsorbent surfaces was significantly different. The adsorption data analysis of both mercury ions was found however to only follow the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic models whereby a combination of chemisorption and diffusional process was the governing mercury ions adsorption mechanism.     

沸石吸附-生物再生活性污泥工艺对比试验研究

介绍了沸石吸附-生物再生活性污泥工艺的对比试验研究结果,试验结果表明沸石可以进行生物再生,再生后的沸石对COD、氨氮的去除效果良好,对于沸石的生物再生效果而言,缺氧/好氧工艺的效果好于单一曝气工艺.     

固相萃取技术及其研究进展

对固相萃取技术的原理和特点,萃取参数(吸附剂用量、背景体积及洗脱溶剂等)与萃取效率的规律,吸附剂的研究进展与发展趋势,以及目前的固相萃取在线联用技术等方面进行了阐述。该技术比传统液—液萃取用时短、二次污染小、选择性好,是一种很有前途的样品预处理技术。已广泛应用于环境样品中多环芳烃、农药、卤代烃、有机氯化合物、酚类等优先控制污染物的测定。     

凹凸棒石处理电泳漆废水研究

凹凸棒石及其活化产物对阳极电泳漆废水ＣＯＤ和色度有较好的吸附去除能力，对ＣＯＤ的吸附作用符合Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ吸附等温式并呈现一级反应动力学的特征。提高温度和在较高的酸度或碱度条件下均将有利于ＣＯＤ的去除。常温下与聚丙烯酰胺组合使用，可使ＣＯＤ值较高的废水达到或接近排放标准。凹凸棒石经过适当处理可重复使用，效果良好。     

中浅层天然气钻井废水处理技术试验研究

针对中浅层天然气井的钻井废水处理进行了试验研究。根据现场处理条件，原水水质状况和试验结果，提出了可随原水水质和出水要求而进行组合的处理技术方案，并探讨了各处理过程的主要影响因素，给出了过程的主要工艺控制参数。     

壳聚糖处理水中三氯甲烷的研究

壳聚糖包裹活性炭等经戊二醛交联形成颗粒，以其作为吸附材料吸附处理饮用水中三氯甲烷，有良好的吸附效果。     

凤眼莲不同部位对重金属的吸收、吸附作用研究

以绥宁河为例，通过研究凤眼莲各部位对重金属的吸收和吸附作用。探讨水生植物对改善城市内河水环境的重要性。实验数据表明。在凤眼莲对重金属的富集作用中，根部的贡献远大于茎叶部，根部对重金属的吸收量是茎叶部的几十至几百倍。此外，根部吸附作用对水环境中重金属的去除也起了相当重要的作用。