中国重点城市空气污染预报及其进展

为更好地反映大气环境污染变化趋势,加大环境污染控制力度,预防严重污染事件发生,开展城市空气质量报告及空气污染预报工作是十分必要的。文章概括地论述了开展此项研究的目的、意义、基本方法及其进展。     

O3自动监测的技术要点

通过多年在粤港空气监控系统中的O3自动监测实践,阐述了O3标准气浓度传递认证的范例性解决方案,并在O3气体样品输送、O3分析仪器性能维护及在线检查校准用标准气等方面提出了实用的技术方法。     

不同类型新车内醛酮类化合物的污染研究

随着人们对环境质量要求的提高,轿车逐步普及,车内空气质量正成为人们关注的焦点,特别是车内毒性较大的醛酮类物质更是受到普遍关注。选取了8种类型共93辆新车,在静止并且密闭条件下,对其内部环境的醛酮类物质的浓度水平进行测定分析。结果表明,大部分新车内都存在不同程度的醛酮类物质污染,总醛酮质量浓度为0.09～0.31mg/m3,平均质量浓度0.16mg/m3,其中甲醛为最高组分,其次为丙酮、正丁醛、乙醛,平均质量浓度分别为0.08、0.04、0.02、0.0003mg/m3。8类新车有7类都存在一定程度的甲醛超标,超标率为21%～50%,只有豪华车不超标。还对甲醛进行了癌症风险评价,结果表明风险值超过安全限值,存在癌症风险。     

标准气与空气样品同路同效输送的新型采样总管集成技术

经过近20年的发展,监测部门面对日益严峻的环境压力及其对环境监测数据要求的日益严格,要求大气自动监测QA/QC体系必须更加完善。针对传统采样总管标准气不能实现与空气样品同路同效输送的问题进行探讨,并研发出一套实现标准气与空气样品同路同效输送的新型采样总管集成技术。     

Physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of nanoparticles in aerosols in southern Thailand during recent haze episodes in lower southeast Asia

Transboundary haze from biomass burning is one of the most important air pollutions in Southeast Asia. The most recent serious haze episode occurred in 2015. Southern Thailand was affected by the haze during September to October when the particulate matter concentration hit a record high. We investigated physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols, including concentration and aerosol size distribution down to sub-micron sizes during haze episodes in 2013 and 2015 and, for reference, an ins...     

基于PM2.5与PM10比值的吉林省空气污染分析

对吉林省重点城市2015年~2018年大气日均值PM2.5/PM10数据进行处理,从空气中细颗粒物的比例角度评价吉林省的空气污染情况。经过分析得出结论即吉林省2015年~2018年空气质量明显好转,特别是2018年。中度及以上污染天气污染程度下降显著。月份中10、11、12月份污染下降明显。城市中松原市污染较轻。     

Cost-benefit analysis of implementing policy measures for reducing PM and O3 concentrations: the case of Israel

This paper aims to identify the most suitable and economically feasible policy measures to reduce concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O₃) in Israel. It describes a comprehensive methodology that takes into account the effects of PM and O₃ and describes the overall costs and benefits expected from their reduction. Cost-benefit analysis of a series of proposed policy measures allows us to identify and recommend those that are most feasible and effective. These policy measures have a significant impact on reducing air pollution on one hand, while constituting the highest net benefit to the economy on the other.     

探究大气污染防治网格化监测的应用

在对大气污染进行实际防治的过程中,为了提高监测的效果,保障大气环境不受污染,需要重视网格化监测的应用,进而实现精细的管理模式。基于此,本文分析了网格化监测在大气污染防治所发挥的作用,并阐述网格化监测的组成以及技术要求,提出相应的建议。     

直流扩散式燃气燃烧器燃烧特性试验研究

针对目前国内广泛运行的锅壳式燃气锅炉，以在该结构锅炉上大量使用的直流扩散式天然气燃烧器为研究对象，研究了燃气燃烧器在不同负荷、炉膛背压、过量空气系数等参数对锅炉炉膛内火焰燃烧场分布的影响，其试验结果对燃气锅炉的安全经济运行以及燃气燃烧器的结构优化具有重要意义。     

Happiness in the air: How does a dirty sky affect mental health and subjective well-being?

Previous studies evaluating the welfare cost of air pollution have not paid much attention to its potential effect on mental health and subjective well-being (SWB). This paper attempts to fill the gap by investigating the impact of air pollution on several key dimensions, including mental health status, depressive symptoms, moment-to-moment happiness, and evaluative happiness. We match a nationwide longitudinal survey in China with local air quality and rich weather conditions according to the exact time and place of survey. By making use of variations in exposure to air pollution for the same individuals over time, we show that air pollution reduces hedonic happiness and increases the rate of depressive symptoms, while life satisfaction has little to do with the immediate air quality. Our results shed light on air pollution as an important contributor to the Easterlin paradox that economic growth may not bring more happiness.