TTC-脱氢酶还原法测定铜绿微囊藻活性

利用氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)-脱氢酶还原法定量地测定了铜绿微囊藻细胞的活性,并对影响活性测定的因素进行了分析与研究.结果显示,TTC浓度大于0.6%时会抑制酶活性,最适TTC浓度为0.2%;脱氢酶还原反应在Tris-HCI缓冲液中能正常进行,而在磷酸盐缓冲液中受到抑制,最适pH值为7.5～8.0;培养时间和培养温度对TTC脱氧酶还原反应的影响较大,最适培养时间为8～16h,最适培养温度为30～35℃;反应不需加入非离子去垢剂,吐温20和曲拉通X-100对脱氢酶反应会产生较强抑制作用.TTC还原所生成的三苯基甲 (TPF)可采用50%乙醇提取.研究显示TTC脱氢酶还原法可以很好地进行藻细胞活性定量化测定.     

五大连池水体中氮素分布及规律的初步研究

分析了2009年9月至2010年10月五大连池水体的总氮、氨氮、硝氮3项指标.得出水体氮素的年度变化规律及相关性,即总氮和氨氮、氨态氮与硝态氮两组指标的相关性很高,总氮与硝态氮之间相关性较弱.3种指标都是冬季明显高于其他季节,总氮在春季最低随后升高,氨态氮和硝态氮在春夏秋季均维持较低水平,且结合3者变化规律,夏季和秋季...     

电化学氧化法处理高浓度垃圾渗滤液的研究

实验利用电化学氧化法法除垃圾渗滤液中部分难降解有机物，以提高废水的可生化性，为后续生物处理创造条件。系统考察了温度、极板间距、氧离子浓度、pH值等因素对电化学处理垃圾渗滤液效果的影响，并通过GC-MS分析，探讨渗滤中有机污染物的去除情况，包括渗滤液中典型有毒难降解有机化合物的电化学氧化结果。结果表明：温度升高，COD和NH2-N的去除率均提高；极板间距太大或太小都会降低去除效果，极板间距10mm，处理效果较好，COD和NH3-N去除率分别达到86%和100%；随着渗滤液中Cl^-浓度的增加，COD去除率明显提高，同时高浓度Cl^-和较高的电流密度对垃圾渗滤液中难降解有机污染物的处理有相当强的协同作用效应，可以明显提高处理效果；在强酸性和强碱性条件下的电化学反应都不利于对COD、NH3-N的去除；在添加Cl^-4000mg/L，极板间距为10mm，电流密度为15A/dm^2，pH为8，初始温度为50℃的条件下，经4h的电化学氧化，COD、氨氮和色度的去除率分别达88%、100%和98%，苯酚的去除率为82%，电流效率可达84%以上。可见电化学氧化法不仅可有效的去除COD、氨氮、色度，而且对有毒的难降解有机污染物（苯酚等）有很好的去除作用，采用电化学氧化作为垃圾渗滤液废水处理的前处理，可大大改善后续生物处理的效果。     

淀浦河水体中氨氮、总氮和总磷污染变化趋势及相关性分析

根据2005年至2011年的监测结果,分析了淀浦河中下游河段的氨氮、总氮和总磷近几年污染变化趋势,并探讨了氨氮、总氮和总磷的相关性。结果表明,淀浦河总氮和总磷的年均浓度均超过水体富营养化的临界浓度,水体富营养化严重。氨氮、总氮和总磷相互之间存在显著相关性,可以通过氨氮、总氮和总磷中某一参数的测定,确定其他两个参数的数值范围,进而确定测定时的稀释倍数,有利于提高监测效率。     

Quantification of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emitted from pig buildings in Korea

The aim of this field study was to determine the concentrations and emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in different types of pig buildings in Korea to allow objective comparison between pig housing types in Korea and other countries. Concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the pig buildings averaged 7.5ppm and 286.5ppb and ranged from 0.8 to 21.4ppm and from 45.8 to 1235ppb, respectively. The mean emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide per pig (normalized to 75kg liveweight) and area (m2) from pig buildings were 250.2 and 37.8mg/h/pig and 336.3 and 50.9mg/h/m2, respectively. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations and emissions were higher in the pig buildings managed with deep-pit manure systems with slats and mechanical ventilation than in other housing types.     

便携式傅立叶变换红外气体分析仪比对氨检测方法的探讨

采用比对方法分别用纳氏试剂分光光度法和便携式傅立叶变换红外气体分析仪检测模拟环境空气中的氨,并对检测结果进行线性相关分析,相对准确度计算以及显著性比较。这两种方法呈线性相关,无显著性差异,并具有良好的一致性。     

Investigation of spark ignition processes of laminar strained premixed stoichiometric NH3-H2-air flames

A knowledge of the ignition properties of ammonia (NH${}_3$)/hydrogen (H${}_2$) mixtures is important because of their abundance in chemical engineering processes, and also because of their prospective role as fuels in future energy systems. In particular, the question arises if and how important characteristics like ignition limits and minimum ignition energies in NH${}_3$/H${}_2$ mixtures are related to the physical conditions. To address this question, this work studies ignition process in ammonia/hydrogen mixtures by numerical simulations. These track the evolution of ammonia/hydrogen mixtures during and after the deposition of a certain ignition energy, using a detailed treatment of chemical reactions and molecular transport. Studies on the influence of different system parameters on the minimally required ignition energy are performed. These are the strain rate, hydrogen content, pressure and initial (pre-ignition) temperature. Significant findings include a quasi-linear correlation between the transition strain rate, defined as the strain rate below which no external energy is required to initiate successful ignition (auto-ignition) and a characteristic reaction rate, defined as the inverse of ignition delay time in homogeneous, quiescent mixtures. Also, the relative decay of minimum ignition energy with increasing hydrogen content is less pronounced for higher pressures. Analysis of the results supports a knowledge-based approach towards fail-proof ignition devices and reliable prevention of hazards. The simulations are used for assessing the ignitability of ammonia and its mixtures with hydrogen.