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61.
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63.
Changes in speciation and mobility of As by indigenous bacteria in As-contaminated sediments (339 mg/kg) from an abandoned
Au–Ag mine area in Korea were investigated after biostimulation with a variety of carbon sources, including acetate, lactate
and glucose in batch experiments. Sequential extraction analysis designed to determine the form of As occurrence revealed
that 40 and 47% of As were present in the sediment as Fe-associated and residual fractions, respectively. After 22-day incubation
with acetate and lactate, the presence of indigenous bacteria increased the amount of total dissolved As from both Fe-associated
and residual fractions in the sediment. More than 99% of dissolved As existed as As(V) in biotic slurries in contrast to sterile
controls (less than 50% of total dissolved As), which indicated that indigenous bacteria transformed some dissolved As(III)
to As(V). In real environments, depending on the pH, microbially-produced aqueous As(V) may be either immobilized through
adsorption or reduced to As(III) after migration to the anoxic subsurface. 相似文献
64.
以堆肥-火山灰为填料的生物过滤器连续处理含甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的气体,观测生物过滤效果和填料的菌系状态变化.结果表明:在甲苯和乙酸乙酯共存的条件下,生物过滤器优先去除乙酸乙酯;当进气中同时存在甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇时,优先去除乙酸乙酯和异丙醇.填料中各种微生物的菌体密度与过滤去除的有机物组成和浓度有关.霉菌和酵母菌竞争利用乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的能力较强,放线菌和细菌对甲苯的竞争利用能力较强.进气中高浓度的有机物会使填料中的菌体密度增大.在处理甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的生物过滤器的各段填料中,菌体密度按细菌、霉菌、酵母菌、放线菌的顺序而降低. 图 1表 3参 17 相似文献
65.
从废旧锌锰电池中回收汞和铵的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对废旧锌锰电池中汞分散存在给回收处理废旧锌锰电池工作完全回收汞所带来的困难 ,利用汞和铵的性质特点 ,找到了从废旧锌锰电池中集中回收汞和铵的工艺条件 ,为废旧锌锰电池的资源化和防止二次污染创造了有利条件。 相似文献
66.
为强化DBD(介质阻挡放电)技术对VOCs(挥发性有机物)的处理效果,采用溶胶凝胶法制备Bi2WO6/NH(NH为天然赤铁矿)复合催化剂,并利用DBD协同催化剂降解EA(ethyl acetate,乙酸乙酯).采用XRD(X射线衍射)仪、BET(比表面积及孔径)分析仪、SEM(扫描电子显微镜)分析仪对催化剂进行表征,对比分析DBD、DBD/Bi2WO6(DBD协同Bi2WO6)、DBD/NH(DBD协同NH)及DBD/Bi2WO6/NH(DBD协同Bi2WO6/NH复合催化剂)4个体系中EA去除率和能量产率随输入功率、初始ρ(EA)及气体停留时间的变化情况,同时探究输入功率和催化剂对ρ(O3)及矿化率的影响,并对降解产物进行分析.结果表明:①在不同工艺参数条件下,EA去除率和能量产率均表现为DBD/Bi2WO6/NH体系> DBD/NH体系> DBD/Bi2WO6体系> DBD体系.②EA去除率随输入功率的升高和气体停留时间的延长而增加,随初始ρ(EA)的升高而降低;但能量产率随输入功率的升高和气体停留时间的延长而降低,随初始ρ(EA)的升高而增加.③在输入功率为84 W、初始ρ(EA)为0.40 mg/L、气体流量为1.0 m3/h的条件下,相较于DBD体系,DBD/Bi2WO6/NH体系中EA去除率和矿化率分别提高了19.16%和14.44%,而ρ(O3)降低了74.47%.④DBD降解EA的最终产物主要为CO2、H2O及微量的CH4、CH3CH2OH及CH3COOH等小分子有机化合物.研究显示,DBD协同Bi2WO6/NH复合催化剂能够高效去除EA. 相似文献
67.
The effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on long-term stability of partial nitrification process
Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is regarded as one of the crucial factors to influence partial nitrification process. However, achieving and keeping stable partial nitrification under different DO concentrations were widely reported. The mechanism of DO concentration influencing partial nitrification is still unclear. Therefore, in this study two same sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) cultivated same seeding sludge were built up with real-time control strategy. Different DO concentrations were controlled in SBRs to explore the effect of DO concentration on the long-term stability of partial nitrification process at room temperature. It was discovered that ammonium oxidation rate (AOR) was inhibited when DO concentration decreased from 2.5 to 0.5 mg/L. The abundance of Nitrospira increased from 1011.5 to 1013.7 copies/g DNA, and its relative percentage increased from 0.056% to 3.2% during 190 operational cycles, causing partial nitrification gradually turning into complete nitrification process. However, when DO was 2.5 mg/L the abundance of Nitrospira was stable and AOB was always kept at 1010.7 copies/g DNA. High AOR was maintained, and stable partial nitrification process was kept. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity was significantly higher than nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity at DO of 2.5 mg/L, which was crucial to maintain excellent nitrite accumulation performance. 相似文献
68.
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential for six kinds of short aliphatic ethers has been studied. The size distribution, mass concentration, and yield of SOA formed by ethers photooxidation were determined under different conditions. The results showed that all six ethers can generate SOA via reaction with OH radicals even under no seed and NOx-free condition. The mass concentration for six seedless experiments was less than 10 µg/m3 and the SOA yields were all below 1%. The strong increase in the SOA formation was observed when the system contained ammonium sulfate seed particles, while SOA yield decreased under the high-NOx condition. SOA composition was analyzed using offline methods. Infrared spectra indicated that there are complex components in the particle-phase including carbonyls acid and aldehydes species. Moreover, the aqueous filter extracts were analyzed using ultraviolet-visible spectrometer and fluorescence spectrophotometer. For the fresh methyl n-butyl ether SOA, the largest absorption peak occurs at 280 nm and there exists slightly absorption in the 300–400 nm. Excitation-emission matrices display the distinct peak at excitation/emission = 470 nm/480 nm according to the fluorescence spectrum. These findings are important considerations of formation for ether SOA that can eventually be included in atmospheric models. 相似文献
69.
采用活性炭管吸附废气中的乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯,经二硫化碳萃取解析,使用DM-1色谱柱分离后FID检测.实验结果表明:(1)采用活性炭管吸附废气中的目标组份,富集效率良好,二硫化碳解析率可达92%以上;(2)当乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯的含量为6.8~102 ng时,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别在1.8% ~4.2%和3.2% ~6.1%之间(n=6);(3)当样品采集量为30 L时,方法检出限分别为0.02 mg·m-3和0.02 mg·m-3.因此,方法能满足实验对空气废气中的乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯的检测要求. 相似文献
70.
采用溶胶凝胶法制备了4种不同金属摩尔比的Cu-Mn-Zr复合催化剂,利用BET、XRD和XPS对其进行了表征分析,通过固定床管式反应器评价了其对乙酸乙酯模拟气体的催化活性,定性测定了其催化反应降解产物.结果表明,Mn的加入增大了催化剂的比表面积和总孔容,催化剂的N2吸附-解吸等温线为IV型.Cu-Zr(1:1)催化剂观察到氧化铜晶体和四方晶型氧化锆晶体,氧化铜晶体随着Cu比例的减小而降低,Mn的加入导致氧化锆晶体消失.催化剂无固定形态,呈现良好的分散性.增大Mn/Zr摩尔比能提高催化活性.Cu-Mn-Zr的适当组分比能提高其低温催化活性,其中Cu-Mn-Zr(1:1:1)催化剂的低温催化活性与CO2的选择性较佳,在200℃时对CO2的选择性达到96.7%.降解产物分析表明,乙酸乙酯降解中间产物有乙酸和乙醇,最终降解产物主要有CO2和H2O等. 相似文献