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排序方式: 共有702条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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冯养云 《环境监测管理与技术》2003,15(4):23-25
为了解山西省大气降水水质状况、主要污染物及区域分布规律,山西省水文部门于1984年开始对大气降水进行监测。在全省9个地市布设测点,分别为:太原市、大同市、长治市、榆次市、临汾市以及吕梁、忻州、阳泉、运城地区。监测项目为H^2 、电导率、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、K^2 、Na^2 、NH4^2 、SO4^2-、NO3^-、Cl^-、CO3^-、HCO3^-、F^-。结果表明,除吕梁、忻州地区外。山西省各地市均有酸雨发生,但酸雨发生的频率不高,全省年平均为3.3%;酸雨的酸性程度也不高,对生态可造成明显影响的降水次数不多;山西省酸雨为典型的硫酸型,酸雨中硫酸与硝酸的质量浓度比值远高于全国平均值。 相似文献
524.
Ricci P.H. Yue Harry F. Lee Melissa A. Hart 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2017,60(6):1073-1091
The human dimensions of visibility degradation remain under-researched academically. Based on Zube and Sell's Process Model of the Perception of, and Response to, Environmental Change, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Hong Kong between 5 June 2012 and 26 January 2013 (n = 1,203). The respondents’ perceptions towards visibility degradation were collected. The results show that respondents were moderately knowledgeable to visibility degradation, perceiving the problem as anthropogenic and unfavorable and identifying the fight against the degradation as an important environmental issue. It is further deduced that the respondents’ physical and sociocultural attributes, and the way they gain information about visibility degradation, can affect their perceptions of visibility degradation. The results reveal that improving information channels can positively promote human sensitivity to and understanding of visibility degradation in order to mitigate it. Yet, any attempts to educate the lay public should not assume the existence of a homogenous community of like-minded people. 相似文献
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We review known and hypothesized effects of nitrogen (N) deposition owing to human activities on the chemistry, organisms,
and ecosystem processes of remote oligotrophic freshwaters. Acidification is the best-known effect of N deposition on water
chemistry, but additional effects include increased nutrient availability and alteration of the balance between N and other
nutrients. Our synthesis of the literature, framed in a comprehensive model for the effects of N deposition on natural ecosystems,
shows that all these effects can reduce biological diversity and alter ecosystem processes in remote freshwaters. N deposition
is projected to grow worldwide in the near future and will interact with other global changes. Present effects on these fragile
ecosystems may be only early signs of more radical impacts ahead. 相似文献
527.
Croes K Vandermarken T Van Langenhove K Elskens M Desmedt M Roekens E Denison MS Van Larebeke N Baeyens W 《Chemosphere》2012,88(7):881-887
Since the CALUX (Chemically Activated LUciferase gene eXpression) bioassay is a fast, sensitive and inexpensive tool for the analysis of a high number of samples, the use of this technique in routine analysis of atmospheric deposition samples may be a valuable alternative for GC-HRMS. In this study, a validated CALUX method was used for the analysis of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in more than 90 atmospheric deposition samples for different locations in Flanders. The samples were taken in residential and agricultural areas, where a threshold limit of 21 pg WHO-TEQ m−2 d−1 for the sum of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs was set, and in industrial zones and natural reserves, where no official threshold limit is available. The results from the Flemish measurement program showed correlation between CALUX and GC-HRMS for all the samples, originating from the different areas (R2 of 0.81, 0.53 and 0.64 for dl-PCBs, PCDD/Fs and sum of both fractions, respectively). Median CALUX/GC-HRMS ratios of 2.0, 0.9 and 1.3 were reported for the PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs and the sum of both fractions, respectively. The results show that the CALUX bioassay is a valuable alternative tool for the classic GC-HRMS analysis of atmospheric deposition samples in the Flemish measurement network. 相似文献
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Radon-222 and carbon dioxide concentrations have been measured during several years at several points in the atmosphere of an underground limestone quarry located at a depth of 18 m in Vincennes, near Paris, France. Both concentrations showed a seasonal cycle. Radon concentration varied from 1200 to 2000 Bq m−3 in summer to about 800-1400 Bq m−3 in winter, indicating winter ventilation rates varying from 0.6 to 2.5 × 10−6 s−1. Carbon dioxide concentration varied from 0.9 to 1.0% in summer, to about 0.1-0.3% in winter. Radon concentration can be corrected for natural ventilation using temperature measurements. The obtained model also accounts for the measured seasonal variation of carbon dioxide. After correction, radon concentrations still exhibit significant temporal variation, mostly associated with the variation of atmospheric pressure, with coupling coefficients varying from −7 to −26 Bq m−3 hPa−1. This variation can be accounted for using a barometric pumping model, coupled with natural ventilation in winter, and including internal mixing as well. After correction, radon concentrations exhibit residual temporal variation, poorly correlated between different points, with standard deviations varying from 3 to 6%. This study shows that temporal variation of radon concentrations in underground cavities can be understood to a satisfactory level of detail using non-linear and time-dependent modelling. It is important to understand the temporal variation of radon concentrations and the limitations in their modelling to monitor the properties of natural or artificial underground settings, and to be able to assess the existence of new processes, for example associated with the preparatory phases of volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. 相似文献
529.
Occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil from the central Loess Plateau, China: role of regional range atmospheric transport 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Very few studies were conducted in highland and depositional areas in studying the transport and behavior of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). In this study, surface soils were collected from Huan County to investigate the level, profile, and potential influence of PBDEs via regional range atmospheric transport in the central part of the Loess Plateau (CLP) of China, one of the most extensive areas of loess deposition in the world. PBDEs were ubiquitous and log-normally distributed in soils from the CLP with mean concentrations of 0.91 and 0.54 ng g−1 for ΣPBDEs (sum of PBDE congeners except for BDE-209) and BDE-209, respectively. BDE-209 was predominated congener (43.5%), followed by BDE-47 (15.7%), 99 (10.7%), and 153 (7.5%). Further principal component analysis on congener profiles showed that PBDEs in the CLP originated from similar source(s). Additionally, significant differences in the ratios of BDE-47 to 99 and BDE-153 to 154 were found between soil samples and commercial products, indicating that they have undergone fractionation during the process of regional range atmospheric transport. The deposition of PBDEs in the CLP could be influenced by the sources from surrounding regions. For example, Xi’an may have potential influence to the CLP based on geographical analysis and concentrations comparison of PBDEs in gaseous. Therefore, more studies are needed to clarify the atmospheric transport and fate of PBDEs in this region. 相似文献
530.
本文探索了一种适用于DB 50/577-2015附录C、DB 50/660-2016附录B、DB 50/757-2017附录B、DB 50/758-2017附录C等检测技术导则的气质联用检测方法,能够满足简单、快速、灵敏度高、检出限低等要求。 相似文献