高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱联用测定水中形态砷

采用高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱联用技术测定水中亚砷酸盐[As(Ⅲ)]、二甲基砷(DMA)、一甲基砷(MMA)和砷酸盐[As(V)]等4种形态砷,以磷酸盐缓冲溶液为流动相,硼氢化钾为还原剂,优化了仪器主要技术参数.As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(V)在7 min内实现了良好的基线分离,在5.00 μg/L～...     

Characterisation and Nanomechanical Properties of Ink-Jet Media Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Commercial inkjet media is increasingly used in daily life; this use ranges from offices to digital photography. The impact that the development of this technology has had on the paper industry has been phenomenal. However, an increasing amount of paper is discarded and it is often after the introduction of complex chemical ink within its substrate. The understanding of the interactions between the layer of coated media and ink can be used to further understand and develop technology for the use of recycling office and photo papers. This paper presents the innovative concept in characterizing the surface of the inkjet media by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Comparisons are made between the data obtained from both atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the receptive layer and surface analysis software that was used to obtain surface characteristics. In this study the hardness and force of interaction has also been examined by the means of nanoindentation measurements using silicon nitride cantilever tips and forces of interaction between a selection of colloid probes and the receptive layer of the inkjet media. The effect of loading force on indentation was studied in terms of approach of impact and type of media tested.     

活化褐煤处理含酚污水的研究

褐煤经活化后，对污水中的酚有较强的吸附作用，其吸附性能与褐煤的活化条件等有关．同时，它对污水中ＣＯＤ亦有一定的去除作用．     

氢化物原子荧光法同时测定水中的硒和汞

采用氢化物一原子荧光法，应用AFS-2202a型双道原子荧光仪联合测定水中的硒和汞，方法的检出限为：Se0．31μg／L、Hg0．01μg／L，线性范围为：Se0-20．0μg／L、Hg0～2．00μg／L。     

水体有色溶解有机质的研究进展

有色溶解有机质（CDOM）是溶解有机质（DOM）的重要组成部分,它影响着碳的生物地球化学循环,为水生微生物提供重要的碳源和能源。文章介绍了国内外CDOM的研究进展和动态．主要包括CDOM的紫外吸收光谱研究,荧光光谱研究,并对CDOM中主要成分的荧光峰位置及峰值变化、来源进行论述．最后对CDOM的研究重点作了展望。     

原子荧光法测定水中锑的不确定度

对原子荧光法测定水中锑的不确定度进行评定,分析不确定度的来源,计算出该方法的扩展相对不确定度为2.4%。     

碱消解法测定固体废物中六价铬的研究

用碱性消解液对固体废物进行预处理,所得消解溶液用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行测定。结果表明:该方法在0.00~8.00mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为2.00mg/kg(样品以计2.5g计)。实际样品测定的RSD为1.37%~9.35%,加标回收率为85.5%~125%。消解溶液同时用二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法进行测定,结果显示,两种方法测定的结果没有显著差异,进一步说明了采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定固体废物中Cr6+的准确性与可靠性。     

标准加入法在原子吸收光度法中的应用

介绍了原子吸收光度法中的光谱干扰和非光谱干扰，指出标准加入法和分析校准曲线法是消除和减少某些干扰最简单、快速的校准方法。在标准加入法中，当分析曲线呈线性时，表明分析结果可信，当分析曲线不呈线性，表明方法灵敏度随质量浓度变化而变化，分析结果的准确性有问题。以改变基体的质量浓度和在同一质量浓度的基体溶液中加入不同量的标准两个实验可以验证标准加入法在原子吸收光度法中的适用性。     

Pyrolysis behaviors of oil sludge based on TG/FTIR and PY-GC/MS

Pyrolysis is an alternative technology for oil sludge treatment. Thermogravimetric Analysis-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry were employed to investigate the pyrolysis process and products of oil sludge. The pyrolysis process was divided into five stages: drying and gas desorption, oil volatilization, main pyrolysis, semi-coke charring, and mineral decomposition. The main reaction temperatures ranged from 497.6 K to 753.2 K. The products were mainly composed of pairs of alkane and alkene (carbon number ranges from 1 to 27). The mechanisms consisted of random chain scission followed by end chain scission at high temperatures with volatilization occurring during the whole process. This study is useful not only for the proper design of a pyrolysis system, but also for improving the utilization of liquid oil products.     

Analysis of a solar photovoltaic-assisted absorption refrigeration system for domestic air conditioning

Theoretical model of a solar photovoltaic integrated water-Lithium bromide absorption system is presented for domestic air conditioning. Surplus electrical energy from photovoltaic modules is used for charging the battery, which is utilized during the periods of zero or insufficient solar radiation. Minimum solar area required for each month is calculated and October is identified as the month requiring the highest area of photovoltaic arrays for a constant cooling load of 3.5 kW. The integrated system is found to be capable of sufficient amount of surplus electrical energy generation during both summer and winter months, with a daily excess of about 815 Ah of electrical energy on average over a complete calendar year. Designed system is found to be economically viable, having an energy payback period of 2.7 years.