Status of air pollution in Beijing

A study has been made on elements organic constituents, TSP, SO2,NO2 of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing. 17 elements, and some PAHs, e. g. B(a)P, B(b, j, k)P, and B(g, h, i)P, in airborne particles by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and HPLC, GC/MS, have been determined respectively. It has been shown that the elements Pb, Zn, S and Cu were more enriched in fine particles and different valence states of sulfur at various sites. It was found that the concentrations of S6+ and S2-were more than 85% and less than 15% of the total sulfur respectively. Concentrations of major PAHs and sulfur-containing compounds increased in winter and in urban area. High values for Pb and Zn in city, Fe and Mn at industrial area and Cu, Al rural sites were obtained respectively. This implies the functions of different elemental sources of various sites. Thus, elements can be from distingushed anthropogenic and natural sources.The main contribution of SO2 was found of to have same seasonal variation as the anthropogenic el     

重庆南山马尾松林衰亡与大气污染关系的讨论

重庆市南郊的南山是一个风景区,有林地约二万七千余亩,主要是马尾松林(Pinusmassoniana Lamb.),自八十年代起明显出现衰亡现象,目前约有85％马尾松植株受到不同程度的伤害,死亡率达35％左右.马尾松出现的症状是针尖坏死,针叶提早脱落,针长变短,树冠稀疏,枝条枯死,径向生长变弱等.     

企业污染治理设施运行存在的问题和政府管理对策

由浙江省嘉兴市环境保护主管部门的环境处罚案件表明,排污企业污染治理设施运行存在的问题是导致超标排污的主要原因.在通过对该市大量排污企业污染治理设施运行管理情况调查分析的基础上,总结出目前企业内部污染治理设施运行管理中存在的主要问题有:企业对环保工作主观重视程度不够、污染治理设施建设滞后引起超负荷运行、疏于维护管理导致不能发挥正常治污效果、操作管理人员专业文化素质偏低引起操作不当以及处理设施被擅自改变、拆除或者闲置;同时对这些问题的产生原因进行了分析.并从宣传教育、加强企业环境管理、严格执法和推行政策等方面提出了相应的管理对策.     

三明市区环境空气中可吸入颗粒物的现状分析

应用近两年三明市区环境空气自动监测系统所监测的环境空气中的可吸入颗粒物的大量监测数据,分析总结三明市区可吸入颗粒物的污染现状、规律性,以及可吸颗粒物的主要来源及防治对策。     

浅析昆明市机动车尾气污染和防治对策

分析了昆明市当前机动车尾气污染对城市空气质量的影响，针对昆明市机动车尾气污染状况及现行的防治措施，提出了机动车检测维修（I／M）制度的建立及其检测方法和方式的改进。     

用Microsoft Excel模糊综合法评价空气质量

模糊综合评价，可以对受多层次、多因素影响的事物进行综合评价。，同时介绍了用此法评价的空气质量、每一天各点位诸因子的数据Micmsoft Excel软件在模糊综合评价中的应用，并指出Microsoft Excel的利用实现了评价结果可视化。     

天津市环境空气SO2污染现状及分析

天津环境空气SO2的年均浓度始终超过国家二级标准。年均浓度超标主要因为采暖期SO2浓度过高所至，采暖期SO2平均浓度是非采暖期浓度的3倍左右；在2002--2005年的三个采暖期里，SO2污染逐年加重，导致了年均SO2浓度的逐年升高。天津SO2污染与采暖期增多的低烟囱排放、不利的气象条件有关，也与流动源的隐性排放、能源利用效率低下有关。结合天津经济发展速度、每年煤耗增量、现有环境治理手段来做预测，空气SO2浓度要在未来几年内达到国家二级标准仍是不可能的。     

南通市一次连续空气污染过程的气象特征分析

文章对2005年11月22日至12月2日南通市及邻近地区出现的大范围、长时间连续空气污染过程的天气形势和主要气象要素进行了分析。结果表明：大型稳定性高压伴随而来的稳定层结和小风速，导致大气污染物难于扩散，是这次空气污染过程的主要原因；弱冷空气无法改变大气稳定层结，难于结束空气污染状态；随着强冷空气到来，大气环流形势改变，空气质量改善。     

印尼8.7级和8.5级强震后江苏体应变同震效应分析

2004年12月26日和2005年3月29日在印尼苏门答腊北部分别发生8.7级和8.5级强烈地震后,对江苏地区前兆体应变资料进行分析发现,在这两次地震的震后都记录到了显著的异常,且异常的表现形式各不相同。本文列出这些异常并浅析,以期对进一步深入研究印尼大震对我国未来地震趋势的影响有所帮助。     

Community response to hazard information

The impact of flood hazard information on public acceptance of a selected flood mitigation strategy was assessed by an analysis of the content of newspaper reports of community reaction and letters to the editor. The impact of personal delivery of a flood hazard map on individual perception of risk and attitude to such information was assessed using personal interviews. The results indicated that media coverage of the flood hazard information reduced public criticism of the works. This result must be partially attributable to the dramatic style of media coverage and the fact that the media only emphasized the positive value of the works. The interview demonstrated that personal delivery of the information raised perception of risk, improved comprehension of flood risk, had no impact on acceptability of risk but discouraged some respondents from seeking such information in the future. Factors to explain the last negative change were identified to be the format of the map sheet and low salience of flood hazard. On the basis of all results, methods to improve community response to hazard information are provided.