Frequency Control Characteristics of a Direct-Mode Untreated Sewage Source Heat Pump in the Heating Mode

An untreated sewage source heat pump system directly makes use of the urban raw sewage instead of that treated by a sewage plant. At present In China, most systems adopt the indirect mode for avoiding the harmful effect of the sewage on the heat pump unit. In this article a direct-mode untreated sewage source heat pump system, which shows less theoretical analysis of the mathematical model, is theoretically designed and analyzed to simulate the system dynamic characteristics in the heating mode. The results show that the system COP changes from 4.1 to 3.4 and the heating capacity from 9.5 to 15.3 kW when the sewage inlet temperature is 12°C and the frequency increases from 18 to 32 HZ. The condenser heat-transfer coefficient increases with the frequency reducing while the change trend of evaporator heat-transfer coefficient is the opposite. The highest values of them are 303 and 1617 W.m^?2?K^?1, respectively. The frequency control simulation supplies the operation adjustment with theoretical instructions and some reference values.     

二次加压泵房噪声与振动治理

针对楼盘受低频噪声的困扰,本文提出建筑物内的设备运行造成的结构传声是扰民的主要声源。研究了二次加压泵房噪声与振动的特性,在此基础上研究了设备的隔声、隔振技术,并成功应用于实际项目中。     

污染治理设施市场化运营的特点及对策建议

对污染治理设施市场化运营进行了研究,对不同第三方运营模式进行了比较。针对不同特点的运营模式,提出了加大政策扶持,降低运营风险,健全监管机制,规范管理以及加快运营管理法规建设等建议,旨在使环保设施市场化运营体系走向规范化、市场化、专业化和社会化,为我国污染防治设施规范管理、加快运营的集约化发展提供了参考依据。     

美国污染场地的制度控制分析及对我国的启示

在阐述制度控制涵义的基础上,介绍了美国制度控制的指南体系和实施流程分析了制度控制目前面临的问题:如何保证制度控制长期有效,如何保证制度控制充分的应用、监控,并执行。通过分析制度控制的成功和不足,探讨其对我国污染场地管理的重要借鉴意义。     

沈阳市工业固废现状及“十二五”防治对策

通过对沈阳市工业固体废物的现状调研和分析,确定沈阳市典型工业固体废物,并根据对近几年沈阳市工业生产总值与工业固体废物产生量的数据相关性分析,科学预测未来工业固体废物对环境的压力,提出"十二五"期间工业固体废物管理的控制目标和污染防治对策。     

Control strategies for disinfection byproducts by ion exchange resin,nanofiltration and their sequential combination

● Effects of AER adsorption and NF on DBP precursors, DBPs, and TOX were examined. ● A treatment approach of resin adsorption followed by nanofiltration was developed. ● Both DOC and Br⁻ could be effectively removed by the sequential approach. ● DBPs, TOX, and cytotoxicity were significantly reduced by the sequential approach. Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are emerging pollutants in drinking water with high health risks. Precursor reduction before disinfection is an effective strategy to control the formation of DBPs. In this study, three types of anion exchange resins (AERs) and two types of nanofiltration (NF) membranes were tested for their control effects on DBP precursors, DBPs, and total organic halogen (TOX). The results showed that, for AER adsorption, the removal efficiencies of DBP precursors, DBPs, and TOX increased with the increase of resin dose, and the strong basic macroporous anion exchange resin (M500MB) had the highest removal efficiencies. For NF, the highest removal efficiencies were achieved at an operating pressure of 4 bar, and the membrane (NF90) with a smaller molecular weight cut-off, had a better control efficiency. However, AER adsorption was inefficient in removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC); NF was inefficient in removing Br⁻ resulting in insufficient control of Br-DBPs. Accordingly, a sequential approach of AER (M500MB) adsorption followed by NF (NF90) was developed to enhance the control efficiency of DBPs. Compared with single AER adsorption and single NF, the sequential approach further increased the removal efficiencies of DOC by 19.4%–101.9%, coupled with the high Br⁻ removal efficiency of 92%, and thus improved the reduction of cyclic DBPs and TOX by 3.5%–4.9%, and 2.4%–8.4%, respectively; the sequential approach also reduced the cytotoxicity of the water sample by 66.4%.     

大气污染物排放总量控制A－P值法及其应用

大气污染物排放总量控制A-P值法,是一种十分简便,有利于行政管理的方法。用A-P值法能迅速估算出给定控制地区的污染物允许排放总量,并能对点源进行具体控制,把A-P值法应用于广东某新兴城市的大气环境规划研究表明,A-P值法的应用效果是较理想的。     

环境风洞中的阵风模拟技术

概述了在环境风洞中模拟产生阵性风的阵风模拟技术,重点介绍阵风发生装置的控制原理,软硬件设计,抗干扰措施等内容。该阵风模拟技术已成功地在环境风洞中模拟产生了阵风,从而为研究污染物在阵风作用下的扩散规律提供应用。      

Optimal resource management control for CO2 emission and reduction of the greenhouse effect

In recent years, the world has witnessed an ever-growing concern towards global warming caused by greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂). In order to reduce the emissions of CO₂ without limiting economic growth, substantial investments should target the development of clean technology and the expansion of forested areas. Considering the limited availability of resources, investments must be used in the most effective way. The present work proposes a method to efficiently manage these resources by applying the optimal control theory to a new mathematical model that describes the dynamics of the atmospheric CO₂. The contributions of this work are twofold: (1) present a model that describes the dynamic relation of CO₂ emission with investment in reforestation and clean technology and (2) present a method to efficiently manage the available resources by casting an optimal control problem. The mathematical model uses ordinary differential equations to relate the production of CO₂ with forest area and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The model parameters are adjusted to fit the actual published data. Given an appropriate performance index, the optimal solution is found by numerically solving the Two-Point Boundary Value Problem (TPBVP) that arises from the application of Pontriagyn's Maximum Principle. The sensitivity of the obtained numerical solution is evaluated with respect to the uncertainties in the model parameters. The main objective of this work is to provide a quantitative tool for the efficient allocation of resources to reduce the greenhouse effect caused CO₂ emissions.     

扬州市区大气环境污染特征分析及其防治对策

以扬州市区“八五"期间大气环境监测数据为基础,评价了大气环境质量的现状,分析了大气污染特征及其产生原因,揭示了污染变化规律,指出了市区大气环境存在的主要问题。最后,提出了市区大气污染防治对策。