建德市大气SO2浓度与气象条件关系初探

利用实测资料分析了建德市大气ＳＯ２与风向、风速、气温、湿度、降水量、逆温气象因子间的关系，认为，冬季污染源下风向混合区ＳＯ２浓度出现最高值，在静风和微风情况下，城市污染水平基本上可代表城市的总体污染水平。     

乌鲁木齐降水特征分析

乌鲁木齐降水特征分析李德忱ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＵＲＵＭＱＩＰＲＥＣＩＰＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲ￥ＬｉＤｅｃｈｅｎｇ（ＵｒｕｍｑｉＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ６ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄＭｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇＣｅｎｔｒｅ，Ｕｒｕｍｑｉ，８３００００）Ｃ...     

Water quality induced corrosion of stainless steel valves during long-term service in a reverse osmosis system

The current study analyzes the contribution of 10 water quality parameters (including pH, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, total organic carbon (TOC), alkalinity, calcium ions, chlorides and sulfates) to corrosion extent of stainless steel valves taken from different locations in a reverse osmosis system of a reclaimed water plant. The valves were in service for 5 years. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are conducted to quantify corrosion products on different valves under various water quality conditions. On that basis, bivariate and multivariate regression analyses between the 10 water quality parameters and the corrosion extent of valve specimens (represented by metal loss percentage (MLP) values) are carried out to check the contribution of those water quality parameters to MLP. The results indicate that the proportions of metal oxides as corrosion products vary according to the corrosion extent of the valves. Although no linear correlation is found, all 10 water quality parameters except for pH show a significant positive correlation with the MLP values of the valve specimens. Moreover, results of multivariate regression suggest that the variation of MLP can be explained by turbidity, TDS, TOC and sulfates. A positive contribution of turbidity, TDS and TOC to MLP is observed, whereas the contribution of sulfates is negative. The results from the current work help to identify the reasons for water quality-induced failure of stainless steel equipment in RO systems.     

江苏省南通市区3个测点降水组分对比分析

本文系统分析了2008年度南通市区3个降水监测站位数据,用年、月均值(雨量酸雨频率为累积值)分析了测站之间的差异量,用月均值分析了测站之间的相关性,用每次降水中的PH值分析了4级PH值出现的频率。得出虹桥子站与南郊公园和交巡警支队相比,降水量分别高出337.36mm和289.78mm,酸雨频率分别高出八点八个百分点和减少零点零七个百分点,pH分别低于0.18和0.01,电导率分别低于0.43 ms/m和0.53ms/m,九项阴阳离子年均值均偏低;在50%酸性降水中,pH值分布在≤4.5的频率最高;监测站之间指标具有低度线性相关、显著性相关和高度线性相关3级。说明:降水测站之间指标数据相关性高低,与接受的大气污染物种类和数量、大气扩散条件有关。因此各降水测站酸雨程度高低,与区域大气污染源强度、大气扩散条件密切关联。     

COD_(cr)与BOD_5的相关性研究

分析CODcr与BOD5的机理,并对纺织印染、食品制造、造纸及城镇生活的废水CODcr与BOD5的相关性进行分析。     

Modeling soil and plant phosphorus within DSSAT

The crop models in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) have served worldwide as a research tool for improving predictions of relationships between soil and plant nitrogen (N) and crop yield. However, without a phosphorus (P) simulation option, the applicability of the DSSAT crop models in P-deficient environments is limited. In this study, a soil-plant P model integrated to DSSAT was described, and results showing the ability of the model to mimic wide differences in maize responses to P in Ghana are presented as preliminary attempts to testing the model on highly weathered soils. The model simulates P transformations between soil inorganic labile, active and stable pools and soil organic microbial and stable pools. Plant growth is limited by P between two concentration thresholds that are species-specific optimum and minimum concentrations of P defined at different stages of plant growth. Phosphorus stress factors are computed to reduce photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation and dry matter partitioning. Testing on two highly weathered soils from Ghana over a wide range of N and P fertilizer application rates indicated that the P model achieved good predictability skill at one site (Kpeve) with a final grain yield root mean squared error (RMSE) of 535 kg ha⁻¹and a final biomass RMSE of 507 kg ha⁻¹. At the other site (Wa), the RMSE was 474 kg ha⁻¹ for final grain yield and 1675 kg ha⁻¹ for final biomass. A local sensitivity analysis indicated that under P-limiting conditions and no P fertilizer application, crop biomass, grain yield, and P uptake could be increased by over 0.10% due to organic P mineralization resulting from a 1% increase in organic carbon. It was also shown that the modeling philosophy that makes P in a root-free zone unavailable to plants resulted in a better agreement of simulated crop biomass and grain yield with field measurements. Because the complex soil P chemistry makes the availability of P to plants extremely variable, testing under a wider range of agro-ecological conditions is needed to complement the initial evaluation presented here, and extend the use of the DSSAT-P model to other P-deficient environments.     

在用汽油车瞬态排放测试工况的相关性

介绍了国内外典型在用车排放检测工况特点,运用解析方法研究了美国IM 240、欧洲TüV-A,以及我国将实行的IM 195瞬态检测工况,分别比较了与之对应的新车型式认证工况和排放检测方法相关性评价指标,指出美国IM 240与FTP-75标准、欧洲TüV-A与NEDC工况的相关性较好。通过对本田雅阁样车排放水平的测试,得出了IM 195与城市工况、短工况的相关性。     

基于时间序列神经网络预测的研究

阐述了BP神经网络基本原理,并对G．P算法进行描述,提出了一种基于BP神经网络的时间序列的预测和方法,通过应用实例的分析,该方法可以得到BP网络应用于非线性时间序列预测是可行的,结果表明：神经网络方法可以成功地用于分析预测时间序列变量．参4．     

水稻重金属含量与土壤质量的关系

根据“淮安市绿色食品基地调查以及相关研究”课题资料 ,分析了水稻中重金属含量与其土壤质量的关系。结果表明 ,重金属含量在水稻中的分布是 :根 >茎叶 >籽粒 ;水稻籽粒对重金属的吸收特点因其元素不同而差异较大 ,重金属元素被水稻糙米吸收的程度为 :砷 <镉 <汞 <铅 <锰 <铬 <铜 <锌 ;在糙米中检出的重金属铜和铬的含量与土壤中铜和铬的含量呈显著性相关关系 ,铅、锌、锰的含量与土壤中铅、锌、锰的含量相关关系不显著     

Metal contamination of short-term snow cover near urban crossroads: correlation analysis of metal content and fine particles distribution

Snow samples were collected near crossroads in Novi Sad, Serbia, during December 2009 to assess metal concentrations (Ca, K, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Al, Pb and Na), fine particle distribution and pH value. The filtered samples of melted snow were analysed, with a focus on particles smaller than a few μm. The most common values of the frequency number distribution curve were either in the range of 0.05-0.07 μm or one order of magnitude higher (0.2-0.5 μm). At examined locations metal concentrations varied from 0.0004 mg L⁻¹ for Pb to 18.9 mg L⁻¹ for Na. Besides Na, which mostly originated from de-icing salt, Ca is found to be the most abundant element in snow indicating the dominant influence of natural factors on snow chemistry. No significant difference was found in concentration of the elements at locations near crossroads with either low or high traffic volume, except for Na and Zn.To investigate how metals were related a correlation analysis was done for the concentrations of metals and with respect to the particle size distribution parameters and pH values. The major influence on the fine particle volume (mass) was concluded to be due to the elements from anthropogenic sources. This conclusion was based on the significant positive correlation between Fe, Zn and Al and the fine particle volume based distribution parameters.