海河平原农业供水的决策分析模型

本文根据海河平原水源不足的问题,采用系统分析的方法,探讨了农业供水的对策。提出的决策分析模型可望适用于不同大小的区域。通过实际资料的分析得出实行节流、管理与开源的具体方案及经济效益。分析成果表明推行节水灌溉技术与管理措施是完全可行的。在建立节流系统(包括管带与滴灌及调整耕作制度、作物布局)和加强水管理的基础上,实行开源引江、引黄,可大大缩减调水规模,降低开源工程投资,缓和工农与城乡供水的矛盾。     

制氧机组噪声综合治理技术

冶金行业制氧机组噪声呈中低频特性，其声源诊断甚为困难，本文以河北省某钢铁集团公司为例，对制氧机组噪声及振动机理和特性进行了探讨。     

辽宁省造纸行业现状与企业转型发展

在对辽宁省造纸行业工业现状、特点及污染现状进行调查分析的基础上,结合辽宁省开展的造纸行业专项治理取得的进展和成果,提出辽宁省应加快造纸产业结构调整,推动造纸企业转型,加强清洁生产工艺的开发与应用等污染防治对策。     

Determination of emergency assembly point for industrial accidents with AHP analysis

Major industrial accidents, which are a type of technological disaster, are very important due to the security risks and financial damages that threaten the environment and human health in today's industrialization. In this study, it was aimed to propose an approach that will guide the decision makers to choose the emergency assembly point that should be in the distance or shelter where the employees will be not affected by the negative consequences of emergencies within the scope of the obligation of industrial establishments preparing an internal emergency plan for major industrial accidents. For this purpose, in the first stage, modelling studies were carried out with ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) Software over possible accident scenarios in an industrial establishment containing different types and amounts of hazardous chemicals. As a result of modelling studies, possible toxic emissions, fire and explosion effect distances and threat zones for the industrial establishment were obtained. In the second stage, the weights of the main and sub-selection criteria to be used in determining the assembly point were calculated. This stage was carried out based on the comparison data obtained as a result of the questionnaire applied to professionals with the help of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods. In the last stage, three candidate points were selected considering the physical effect areas determined in the first stage in the boundaries of the establishment, where the employees were evaluated to be affected the minimum from the negative consequences of industrial accidents. These candidate points were evaluated again with the AHP method on the basis of the sub-criteria whose relative weights were determined in the second stage and a selection was made. As a result, an approach that provides the solution of our problem was obtained.     

基于均方差决策法的辽宁省城市综合承载力研究

通过构建评价指标体系,并基于均方差决策方法确立指标权重,构建综合承载力评价模型,对辽宁省14个地级市综合承载力展开分析。结果表明,研究区内资源、环境承载力供需指数比普遍偏低,14个地级市中环境承载力供需指数比大于1的比例不足10%,资源承载力比例不足30%。不同城市各要素承载力及综合承载力均存在显著差异,其中,大连、沈阳综合承载力最高,本溪、丹东资源承载力最高,辽阳、盘锦环境承载力较低,沈阳和大连经济承载力较高,各城市社会承载力总体较高。此外,资源与经济承载力对研究区城市综合承载力的影响最大,但是研究区城市发展的限制性因素是环境,未来应着重根据各市环境短板确定未来严格的环境保护目标与管理体制,有效提升城市环境承载力。     

省级环境决策支持系统的二次开发

介绍了省级环境决策支持系统的应用和二次开发研究的基本思路。主要内容包括系统目标、功能需求、开发环境、数据需求和系统结构。      

复杂河流系统水污染的计算机图形模拟

讨论在河流系统水污染规划中应用交互式计算机图形技术。通过对复杂河流系统水污染的图形模拟,提出建立图模型的一般理论和方法,并就浑太流域河流水污染案例给出实际模拟结果。     

战略环境影响评价的发展与应用

本文介绍了SEA的发展背景，现有项目EIA在PPPs决策层次上的缺陷和可持续发展理论如何导致SEA的发展，新发展的SEA比较传统的项目EIA所具有的优点，以及当前对SEA的认识和理解，在实践中所采用的形式，和成功的SEA必具备的特征，同时对在当前形势下SEA的实践方式进行了一定的评价，发现SEA的增值效应是SEA实施的先决条件。     

Decision making with option pricing and dynamic programming: development and application

In this study, an option pricing model and a dynamic programming model are developed. These models contribute to the improvement of the decision making process in two respects. First, these models allow for the own growth rate of mining costs to be incorporated into the analysis. Second, these models are developed to estimate the satisfactory gross revenue for investing, so that these models are helpful in analyzing multi-metal mines.The two models are applied to estimate the satisfactory revenue for investing in the Carlin east gold mine, Nevada, USA. The satisfactory revenue estimated by the option pricing model is found to be $42.2M, while that estimated by the dynamic programming model is found to be $44.4M. Since the revenue calculated on the basis of the current conditions is $36M, then the decision by option pricing and dynamic programming is to wait and not to invest now. Despite the difference between the two models in estimating and applying the discount rate, the two models generate the same decision.     

HISTORICAL AND SOCIOPOLITICAL CONTEXT OF THE WESTERN WATERSHEDS MOVEMENT1

ABSTRACT: The 1990s have featured a rapid proliferation of “watershed initiatives” in the western United States and elsewhere. Watershed initiatives are ad hoc, voluntary associations typically featuring both governmental and non-governmental actors organized together to collaboratively seek new strategies for addressing water and related natural resource problems at physically relevant regional scales. These efforts are a response to historical and sociopolitical trends that have resulted in increasingly ineffective forums and processes of resource management decision-making, and that have subordinated the role of local stakeholders in problem-solving efforts. In most cases, watershed initiatives appear to provide a pragmatic vehicle for resource managers and stakeholders to address common concerns in a more efficient manner than is otherwise possible, and as such, deserve further application and continued support.