排序方式: 共有39条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
河口潮流和水质数值模拟研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
河口与海岸环境中污染物质的稀释扩散,是环境流体力学研究的重要课题,同时也是城市污水排海工程建设的关键技术之一。该文采用沿水深积分的平面二维非定常流动数学模型,来计算污染物质降解影响的溶解物质输运扩散过程,并以长江口水域为例,对潮汐水流中溶解物质的稀释扩散过程,进行了细致的数值模拟。结果表明,潮型,排放量,污染物质的降解等,对污水排放口的远场水质有明显的影响。 相似文献
32.
超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测溴代阻燃剂 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱,以甲醇-乙腈混合液和水为流动相,辅以电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测(MRM)进行定性定量分析,建立了一种同位素稀释超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测四溴双酚A(TBBPA)、三-(2,3-二溴丙基)异氰脲酸酯(TBC)和3种六溴环十二烷(HBCD)异构体的方法。水样通过固相萃取进行净化,回收率达到85.3%~96.1%。土壤和底泥样品经加速溶剂萃取后,采用酸性硅胶和中性硅胶柱进行净化,回收率达到81.5%~102.7%。该方法对TBBPA、TBC、α-HBCD、β-HBCD、γ-HBCD在水和土壤中的检测限分别为1.0、1.2、2.0、0.8、1.2 ng/L和0.10、0.12、0.20、0.08、0.12 ng/g。 相似文献
33.
Dilution ventilation systems have been widely used to control the airborne toxic and explosive material in confined spaces. Layout design of dilution ventilation is critical to industrial hygiene control and ventilation efficiency. A properly designed dilution ventilation system can significantly improve the safety of confined workshops and maintain a comfortable work condition. In this work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used to analyze the performance of dilution ventilation system in the confined workshop environment. Seven different ventilation layouts are proposed to evaluate ventilation performance of different installation layouts. Carbon monoxide (CO), which has the similar density as air, is selected as the sample contaminant to conduct steady-state CFD simulations. The simulation results of different layouts are examined and compared to get the optimal layout design for the best contaminant control. Results have shown that the layout with two opposite inlets has the highest ventilation efficiency among seven proposed layouts. This work can serve as a reference to increase dilution ventilation efficiency and minimize the energy cost in general confined areas. 相似文献
34.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):475-484
Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of spontaneous acquisition of resistance to select antibiotics by Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) when grown in glucose amended continuous flow culture at slow (D = 0.025 h? 1) or fast (D = 0.27 h? 1) dilution rates. The bacterium was grown in LB minimal medium (pH 6.25) containing no antibiotics. Upon achieving steady state, samples were plated to tryptic soy agar (TSA) alone or supplemented (per ml) with 2 and 16 μg oxytetracycline, 4 and 16 μg tetracycline, 2 and 64 μg kanamycin, and 0.25 and 2 μg enrofloxacin. Regardless of growth rate, CFU of resistant ST from the TSA containing antibiotics was less than 2 × 101 except for 2 μg kanamycin and 0.25 μg enrofloxacin treatments (higher than 1 × 109 and 4 × 107 CFU of resistant ST for trials 1 and 2, respectively). Frequency of recovering resistant ST from the TSA containing the higher antibiotic concentrations was less than 1 in 109 for all antibiotics, but was higher on the media containing 2 μg kanamycin and 0.25 μg enrofloxacin at both slow and fast growth rates. In general, minimal susceptibility differences were detected for isolates from slow and fast dilution rates. 相似文献
35.
36.
37.
Carol E. Johnston 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1994,35(6):379-383
Nest association, or the habit of spawning in the nest of another species, is a widespread reproductive strategy among North American fishes, especially minnows. The hosts of nest associates include sunfishes and nest-building minnows. Previous experiments demonstrated that nest associates benefited from the parental care of hosts. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nest associates on hosts, and thereby characterize the relationship as parasitic, mutualistic or commensal. Since hosts with associates had higher reproductive success than those without associates in this experiment, I characterize nest association as a mutualistic relationship, at least in some systems. The dilution effect is the proposed mechanism responsible for the higher reproductive success of hosts with associates. 相似文献
38.
对某实际排污工程多喷头扩散器的水力特性进行了系统的实验研究。内容包括:在不同污水排放是、环境流速和潮位情况下,扩散器各喷头的流量分配,喷口流速分布;扩散器管路的冲洗,水流阻力特性等;以及扩散器近区稀释特性分析,结论对实际排污系统设计有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
39.
M.B.G. Castro J.A.M. Remmerswaal J.C. Brezet M.A. Reuter 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2007,52(2):219-233
Recycling materials have always some degree of contamination. The presence of contaminations in the recycling streams causes a shift in the original composition of the materials to recycle. As a consequence, their quality may decrease with each recycling step. Additionally, lower quality resources are produced from resource streams that had initially a higher quality. These quality losses cannot be measured by mass balances, as the quality degradation cannot be translated by mass measures alone. To account all losses caused by recycling contaminations, all downstream recycling processes required to bring the materials back to the resource cycles must be included. This article describes a method to calculate the exergy content and exergy losses of metal solutions during recovery and recycling. The losses attributed to recycling, namely the material losses, the contamination losses with other metals, and the consequent need for dilution can be used as indicators of the quality loss of materials and of the efficiency of resource use in product systems. Therefore, exergy is proposed here as a measure of the efficiency of resources use. 相似文献