Dynamic accident modeling for high-sulfur natural gas gathering station

Dynamic accident modeling for a gas gathering station is implemented to prevent high-sulfur natural gas leakage and develop equipment inspection strategy. The progress of abnormal event occurring in the gas gathering station is modeled by the combination of fault tree and event sequence diagram, based on accident causal chain theory, i.e. the progress is depicted as sequential failure of safety barriers, then, the occurrence probability of the consequence of abnormal event is predicted. Consequences of abnormal events are divided into accidents and accident precursors which include incidents, near misses and so on. The Bayesian theory updates failure probability of safety barrier when a new observation (i.e. accident precursors or accidents data) arrives. Bayesian network then correspondingly updates failure probabilities of basic events of the safety barriers with the ability of abductive reasoning. Consequence occurrence probability is also updated. The results show that occurrence probability trend of different consequences and failure probability trend of safety barriers and basic events of the safety barriers can be obtained using this method. In addition, the critical basic events which play an important role in accidents occurrence are also identified. All of these provide useful information for the maintenance and inspection of the gas gathering station.     

Multispectral image analysis method to determine dynamic fluid saturation distribution in two-dimensional three-fluid phase flow laboratory experiments

The need for measuring dynamic fluid saturation distribution in multi-dimensional three-fluid phase flow experiments is hampered by lack of appropriate techniques to monitor full field transient flow phenomena. There is no conventional technique able to measure dynamic three-fluid phase saturation at several array points of the flow field at the same time. A multispectral image analysis technique was developed to determine dynamic NAPL, water and air saturation distribution in two-dimensional three-fluid phase laboratory experiments. Using a digital near-infrared camera, images of sand samples with various degrees of NAPL, water and air saturation were taken, under constant lighting conditions and within three narrow spectral bands of the visible and near-infrared spectrum. It was shown that the optical density defined for the reflected luminous intensity was a linear function of the NAPL and the water saturation for each spectral band and for any two and three-fluid phase systems. This allowed the definition of dimensionless lump reflection coefficients for the NAPL and the water phase within each spectral band. Consequently, at any given time, two images taken within two different spectral bands provided two linear equations which could be solved for the water and the NAPL saturation. The method was applied to two-dimensional three-phase flow experiments, which were conducted to investigate the migration and the distribution of LNAPL in the vadose zone. The method was used to obtain continuous, quantitative and dynamic full field mapping of the NAPL saturation as well as the variation of the water and the air saturation during NAPL flow. The method provides a non-destructive and non-intrusive tool for studying multiphase flow for which rapid changes in fluid saturation in the entire flow domain is difficult to measure using conventional techniques.     

海湾围垦工程作用下的动力沉积响应

通过采用平面二维有限元数学模型模拟计算乐清湾边滩围垦前后的潮流变化分布 ,在此基础上 ,预测围垦工程建设后导致泥沙冲淤变化。据此说明海湾围垦工程作用下的动力沉积响应。结果表明 ,海湾围垦工程对流场及泥沙冲淤的影响局限于工程区临近水域。在围区两侧 ,工程前后流速减小 ,使水流挟沙力降低 ,导致泥沙局部淤积 ;在围堤的转角外侧 ,将存在流速略有增大的区域 ,而在此的海床冲刷状况并不明显     

概念性非点源污染动态模型(CNPDM)及其应用研究

概念性非点源污染动态模型(CNPDM)根据非点源污染的产生机理和动态过程,直接模拟了具有不同非点源产生特征与产生潜力的各类下垫面,并采用空间、时间离散化的方法使整个模拟结果具有时空差异性,从而更客观和直接地表述了区域性非点源污染的分布与程度,为非点源污染的控制及对策的研究提供了依据。CNPDM已在广东省的江门市、深圳市等地的研究中得到验证。并应用到珠江三角洲的非点源污染计算中。      

ARC/INFO对外部数据库的动态访问

利用ARC/INFO的DATABASEINTEGRATOR模块功能,实现了在ARC/INFO环境对外部数据库的动态访问?该文就动态连接?访问外部库的条件和方法进行了论述?      

利用动态分段技术进行河流一维水质扩散模拟

作为GIS新技术,动态分段可以有效地实现河流一维水质扩散的模拟和空间显示分析。该文给出了动态分段数据库设计的基本思路、河流一维水质模型的功能设计及整个模拟系统的结构流程。      

煤矿安全技术及装备网站建设的技术实现与展望

针对煤炭系统安全装备信息开发利用技术落后、信息匮乏、信息交流困难的现状 ,提出建设煤矿安全技术及装备 WWW网站的设想 ,并利用 Cold Fusion和 SQL Server完成煤矿安全技术及装备 WWW网站建设。笔者对网站的用户管理和信息动态发布两个关键技术的实现作详细介绍 ;并指出信息量及信息范围的扩大、安全技术 BBS论坛、煤矿安全设备电子商务将是今后网站的主要发展方向     

等维灰数递补动态模型在生活垃圾产生量预测中的应用

本文探讨了等经今天为数递补GM（1,1） 模型在垃圾产生量长期预测中的具体应用,比较了该模型与普通二次拟合灰色要 预测精度及预测值的灰区间方面的判别,说明了等维灰数递补GM（1,1）模型在作长期预测时具有一定的优越性。     

顶空气相色谱-质谱联用测定水中酚类化合物

建立了一种顶空气相色谱-质谱联用测定水中4种酚类化合物的方法。考察了水样pH、平衡时间、平衡温度及进样分流比对结果的影响。结果表明,当水样pH调至3.0,80℃平衡40 min后不分流进样,能够得到最优的效果。在此条件下,4种酚类化合物的检出限为0.002~0.017 mg/L,实际水样加标回收率为89.4%~101.9%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~8.3%。该方法具有分离效果好、分析速度快、重复性好、灵敏度和选择性高等特点,可满足水中4种酚类化合物的快速测定。     

基于GIS的海口市污染源动态管理系统设计与开发

分析了海口市污染源动态管理系统建设需求与主要目标,介绍了基于GIS的系统总体架构、技术路线和空间数据库。系统具有信息管理、数据采集、监察执法、查询统计、档案管理、"环保一张图"、专题图绘制、运维管理等功能,具备污染源全生命周期管理、信息共享、绩效评价等特色。