Characteristics of emissive spectrum and the removal of nitric oxide in N2/O2/NO plasma with argon additive

Although the approach using non-thermal plasma (NTP) for deNOx has been studied for over 15 years, how to achieve higher removal e ciency with lower cost is still a barrier for its industrial application. In order to investigate the impact of the argon additive on electron density, energy and nitric oxide reduction process in plasma, the spectrum of the dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure in a coaxial reactor was measured using the monochromater with high resolution. The comparative experiments for NO reduction were carried out simultaneously in N2/O2/NO plasma stream with and without argon, respectively. The nitrogen molecular spectrum which is attributed to the energy level transition (C3 u ! B3 g) was compared in the wavelength range 300–480 nm and the electron density and temperature were determined based on the relative intensities and Stark broadening width of spectral lines. The spectrum results indicated that the argon additive could enhance the intensity of emissive spectrum of plasma, thus the electron concentration as well as the energy was increased, and finally prompted the ionization rate to produce active N, O and O3. The results of NO reduction showed that NO conversion e ciency increased in the range of 10%–30% with 5% addition of argon in stream comparing with the condition without argon additive. This study will play a positive role in the industrial application of dielectric barrier discharge deNOx reactor.     

煤系页岩瓦斯吸附-解吸特性核磁共振实验研究

吸附态和游离态瓦斯变化规律能为煤系页岩瓦斯安全高效抽采提供技术参考,常规实验方法难以实现对吸附态和游离态瓦斯变化规律的独立表征。以阜新盆地清河门矿煤系页岩为例,采用低场核磁共振技术对煤系页岩粉试样进行瓦斯吸附-解吸实验,并提出以核磁共振T2（横向弛豫时间）谱幅值积分作为瓦斯含量定量表征指标。实验表明:吸附-解吸过程T2谱曲线有3个特性峰,对应3个横向弛豫时间截止阈值;吸附态瓦斯量与瓦斯压力符合朗格缪尔方程,而游离态瓦斯量与瓦斯压力呈线性关系;吸附态瓦斯解吸过程具有明显滞后性,且存在7.26 MPa临界滞后瓦斯压力,而游离态瓦斯吸附和解吸过程近似可逆,无明显滞后性。     

爆炸分离冲击信号修正及结构状态分析

为了对爆炸分离冲击信号进行有效性分析及校正,进而对关键结构的状态变化进行分析,基于离散小波分解方法,对实测分离冲击信号及其速度积分进行校正,去除零漂趋势项.选取冲击结束后剩余自由响应阶段,对结构状态进行分析,基于冲击信号初始谱及剩余谱相关性分析,提出确定剩余自由响应阶段起始分析时间的确定方法.对该剩余响应信号结合频域窗...     

天津市城市垃圾臭气成分谱

为弄清天津市垃圾臭气污染的现状,采用冷阱富集-GC/MS技术测试了不同季节、不同垃圾处理环节臭气的组分和主要组分的含量,摸清了天津市区城市垃圾不同处理环节(收运、中转、填埋、焚烧)不同季节臭气的排放状况,研究了垃圾臭气中恶臭物质与臭气强度的关系,确定出不同垃圾处理环节的臭气主要组分,为有针对性地筛选脱臭技术工艺、科学地管理城市垃圾收运和处理提供了理论依据。     

废轮胎的热解及其产物分析

研究了废轮胎热解产生的三相 (气、液、固 )产率与裂解温度的关系 ,气相组成与温度的关系 ,以及氢氧化钠作为催化剂加入热解体系对三相产率和气体组成的影响 .实验表明 ,轮胎橡胶的热稳定性分为 :～ 200℃,200℃～300℃及300℃以上3个区域 .在200℃以上时 ,随着温度升高 ,固体产率减少 ,气体产率增加 ,液体产物的产率在 500℃左右出现一个峰值 .加入 4%NaOH作催化剂以后 ,在相同的温度下固态碳黑和液态油的产率均有所提高 ,而相应混合气的产率降低 .实验确定了所用混合胶粉主要为合成橡胶 .不同温度下热解所产生的液体产物的红外谱图及裂解色谱图表明 ,300℃时主要是助剂分解,400℃左右主要是聚异戊二烯(天然胶)开始裂解,600℃以上残留物开始裂解.     

An alkaline phosphatase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YP6 of new application in biodegradation of five broad-spectrum organophosphorus pesticides

In recent decades, biodegradation has been considered a promising and eco-friendly way to eliminate organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) from the environment. To enrich current biodegrading-enzyme resources, an alkaline phosphatase (AP3) from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YP6 was characterized and utilized to test the potential for new applications in the biodegradation of five broad-spectrum OPs. Characterization of AP3 demonstrated that activity was optimal at 40?°C and pH 10.3. The activity of AP3 was enhanced by Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Cu²⁺, and strongly inhibited by Mn²⁺, EDTA, and L-Cys. Compared to disodium phenyl phosphate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) was more suitable to AP3, and the V_m, K_m, k_cat, k_cat/K_m values of AP3 for pNPP were 4,033?U mg^?1, 12.2?mmol L^?1, 3.3?×?10⁶ s^?1, and 2.7?×?10⁸ s^?1mol^?1L, respectively. Degradation of the five OPs, which included chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, dipterex, phoxim, and triazophos, was 18.7%, 53.0%, 5.5%, 68.3%, and 96.3%, respectively, after treatment with AP3 for 1?h. After treatment of the OP for 8?h, AP3 activities remained more than 80%, with the exception of phoxim. It can be postulated that AP3 may have a broad OP-degradation ability and could possibly provide excellent potential for biodegradation and bioremediation in polluted ecosystems.     

基于GJB150舰船冲击测量中零漂问题分析

舰船冲击试验为破坏性试验。由于冲击的持续时间短并且能量释放剧烈,在测试的过程中经常出现信号丢失、过载或零漂现象,极大的影响了测量数据的可靠性。通过对冲击测量过程中产生的零漂现象进行原因分析,从而提高测量信号的有效性。     

碳基材料对污水厂尾水和太湖水体中CDOM的吸附特征

采用颗粒活性炭、粉末活性炭和碳纳米管3种典型碳基材料来吸附太湖水和污水厂尾水中的有机物,考察碳基材料对水中有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)的吸附特征。基于荧光光谱和平行因子分析(PARAFAC),提取出C1(腐殖酸类)、C2(色氨酸类蛋白)和C3(酪氨酸类蛋白)3个PARAFAC荧光组分。粉末活性炭和碳纳米管具有发达的中孔孔隙结构,对水中大分子有机物具有较高的吸附容量,颗粒活性炭微孔结构发达反而不利于吸附水中腐殖酸等大分子有机物。粉末活性炭对水中有机物具有最高的吸附速率,对太湖水中荧光组分C1、C2和C3的吸附速率分别为0.278、0.358和0.359min-1,颗粒活性炭的吸附速率明显低于粉末活性炭和碳纳米管。研究结果揭示了水中复杂混合有机物的吸附特征,为吸附工艺参数的优化提供技术参考。     

近30 a三峡库区(重庆段)城镇化发展的气温响应图谱诊断

城镇化发展是区域气候变化的重要影响因素之一。以Landsat TM影像数据、多期土地利用类型数据、城镇化率数据、DEM数据、气象站点时空数据为基础,通过城镇发展指数法、气温变异指数法,以图谱方式对三峡库区(重庆段)近30 a城镇化发展格局、气温变异格局进行可视化,运用一元线性回归模型,建立了重庆三峡库区城镇发展的气温响应模型。研究表明:(1)研究区全域城镇建设用地增长3.83倍,城镇化发展指数年增长率为4.56%,总量呈现出西南高东北低格局。(2)气温变异指数从20世纪90年代后期开始迅速增加,2005~2014保持在高指数状态,库区蓄水对气温变异指数增长的影响未达显著性水平。(3)从城镇发展的气温响应状况看,呈较强正相关性且拟合精度较高,绝大部分区县t概率值(p值)达到0.05的显著性水平。分析表明,库区下垫面物质环境的改变和人类活动的增加对区域气温的长期同向变化具有较强解释力。     

半饱和褐煤活性焦预吸附—生物降解—褐煤活性焦吸附组合工艺处理稠油废水的中试研究

为解决稠油废水的达标排放问题,构建了半饱和褐煤活性焦(HSLAC)预吸附—生物降解—褐煤活性焦吸附组合工艺处理稠油废水的中试装置(5 m3/h)。稠油废水经已吸附生化出水的HSLAC吸附预处理后,生物降解出水COD均值大幅降至82.49 mg/L,总出水COD均值为39.22 mg/L,实现了出水达标(COD≤50 mg/L)。三维荧光光谱分析表明,经HSLAC吸附预处理后,生化出水中溶解性有机碳浓度较未经吸附预处理时大幅降低,石油类和腐殖质是生化难降解的有机物。HSLAC预吸附可大幅降低处理成本。