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11.
Concerns regarding the impacts of pesticides on aquatic species and drinking water sources have increased demands on water quality monitoring programs; however the costs of sample analysis can be prohibitive. In this study we investigated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a cost-effective, high through-put method for measuring pesticide concentrations in surface waters. Seven hundred and thirty-nine samples from 158 locations throughout Ontario were analysed for atrazine and metolachlor from April to October 2007. Concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 3.91 μg L−1 (median = 0.12 μg L−1) for atrazine and from <0.1 to 1.83 μg L−1 (median = 0.09 μg L−1) for metolachlor. Peak concentrations occurred in late spring/early summer, in rural agricultural locations, and decreased over the remainder of the growing season for both herbicides. About 3% of the samples that had ELISA results occurring above the limit of quantification (0.10 μg L−1) were evaluated against gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Linear regression analysis revealed a R2 value of 0.88 and 0.39, for atrazine and metolachlor, respectively. ELISA tended to overestimate concentrations for atrazine and metolachlor, most likely because the ELISA kits also detect their metabolites. Atrazine data suggest that ELISA may be used complementary with GC-MS analysis to enhance the spatial and temporal resolution of a water quality monitoring study. The commercially available metolachlor ELISA kit requires further investigation. ELISA may be used to detect atrazine and metolachlor in surface water samples, but it is not recommended as a quantitative replacement for traditional analytical methods. 相似文献
12.
为了进一步探索种群水平的生态风险评估方法,本文利用β-N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase(NAGase)的变化量来监测农药对摇蚊种群发育的影响。从花翅摇蚊Chironomus kiiensis体内分离纯化得到电泳纯的NAGase,并通过免疫大白兔制得NAGase的多克隆抗体。运用间接非竞争ELISA法检测抗体特异性,结果表明其与共同存在于水体的一些生物的NAGase的交叉反应率为隆线溞4.41%、老年低额溞3.12%、多刺裸腹溞3.40%、中华薄壳介4.17%、日本沼虾3.23%、白纹伊蚊7.50%、小球藻0.5%。运用抗体测得毒死蜱、氰戊菊酯和阿维菌素3种杀虫剂对于摇蚊NAGase释放量的12 d-EC50分别为1.2012、0.0043和0.6281μg·L-1,以NAGase活力作为测试终点,测得相应的12 d-EC50:1.4765、0.0051和0.6756μg·L-1,两者差异不显著,但均显著低于以死亡作为测试终点的12 d-LC50:4.8171、0.0954和2.1340μg·L-1,且毒力大小均为氰戊菊酯阿维菌素毒死蜱。上述结果表明,利用NAGase多克隆抗体可以特异性地检测农药对花翅摇蚊种群发育的影响。 相似文献
13.
Ting Xu Bao M. Wang Wei Sheng Qing X. Li Xiao L. Shao Ji Li 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):173-177
The present study outlines applications of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the analysis of clenbuterol residues. Antisera were raised from rabbits immunized with diazotized clenbuterol-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate. The assay was specific to clenbuterol with a half-maximum inhibition concentration (IC50) of 1.8 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL in blank swine urine and phosphate buffer solution, respectively. The assay had high cross-reactivity (86%) with mabuterol, but low with other adrenergic agonists and antagonists. The average recovery of clenbuterol, as measured with the ELISA, ranged from 90% to 112% in swine urine samples and from 86% to 95% in feeds, respectively. This new assay was compared with commercial ELISA test kits. An excellent correlation (r 2 = 0.98) between the two methods and satisfactory recoveries suggest that the new assay can be suitable for the determination of clenbuterol residues in real samples. The assay was used to analyze clenbuterol residues in 103 swine urine samples and 68 feed samples collected from northern China. Approximately 50% of the urine samples and 25% of the feed samples analyzed were found positive (concentration of clenbuterol ≥ 1 ppb). The results indicate that clenbuterol was misused in some of the areas surveyed. 相似文献
14.
Witchuda Prasatkaew Phochit Nanthanawat Nanthika Khongchareonporn Sutin Kingtong 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(1):325-333
A monoclonal antibody specific to sea bass(Lates calcarifer) vitellogenin(VTG) was developed,for use as a tool for monitoring endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs). VTG was induced in sea bass by intramuscular injection of 17β-estradiol(E_2: 2 mg/kg) every three days. Blood was collected three days after the last injection. Plasma VTG was then purified by chromatography in hydroxyapatite and a sephacryl-S300 column. Characterizations of purified VTG were done by phospholipoglycoprotein staining on a native-PAGE with confirmation by mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). Antibody was raised in mice by injection of purified VTG. After monoclonal antibody production, the hybridoma clone No. 41(MAb-sea bass VTG 41)was selected and developed for quantification of VTG by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The ELISA method was sensitive with a detection limit of VTG 40 ng/mL. MAb-sea bass VTG 41 was specific to VTG from E_2-treated sea bass and others EDCs(Nonylphenol, Benzo[a]pyrene and CdCl_2). Moreover, cross-reactivity was also found in E_2-treated coral grouper(Epinephelus corallicola). The ELISA method obtained from this work can be further applied for the assessment of EDCs in Thailand and Southeast Asia's aquatic environment. 相似文献
15.
双酚-A对Medaka的类雌激素效应研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
利用Medaka进行了双酚-A与17β-雌二醇的短期暴露研究.研究结果发现实验室建立的流水式暴露体系可为实验提供连续、恒定的污染物暴露浓度.利用肝肉指数可灵敏响应和指示污染物暴露.双酚-A可以剂量相关的方式诱导雄性Medaka肝脏产生卵黄蛋白原,从而有效证实了其类雌激素效应. 相似文献
16.
17.
A highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay was standardized for aflatoxin B1 determination in poultry feed and its components using Riedel-de-Haen, ELISA Systems. A microtitration plate method was optimized using anti-aflatoxin B1 antibodies and peroxidase – aflatoxin B1 conjugate, based on competitive enzyme immunoassay principle. Standards of concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500?ng/L aflatoxin B1, prepared in phosphate-buffered saline, were used. Standard curves showed that as the concentration of antigen decreased, absorbance values increased. Fifty percent inhibition was observed at 37?ng/L. Regression analysis showed that log concentration was inversely related to %B/B0, with a highly significant negative correlation (?0.980). The lowest detection limit for aflatoxin B1 was 5?ng/L. Using this standardized ELISA, aflatoxin B1 was detected in most of the commercially available poultry feed samples and their components. The data suggest that this test is suitable for the accurate determination of aflatoxin B1 concentrations in poultry feed and its components. 相似文献
18.
19.
用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对E2诱导的鲫鱼幼鱼血清中卵黄蛋白原(VTG)进行了测定,并用原子吸收分光光度法测定了血清中的钙含量.结果表明:鲫鱼幼鱼血清中VTG和钙含量与E2的暴露剂量均有很好的剂量-效应关系.对血清中VTG和钙含量进行回归分析,发现二者具有较好的相关性,R2=0.928 7.因此,用原子吸收法测定血清中的钙含量从一定程度上可以替代ELISA法间接确定血清中的VTG含量,并对化学物质的雌激素效应进行了评价. 相似文献
20.
王芳宇 《湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报》2006,12(1):5-7
采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)和荧光定量PCR的方法检测壳聚糖碘液对血清HBsAg和HBV DNA的破坏作用。实验结果表明1.56250 g/L和0.78125 g/L的壳聚糖碘液分别作用5 m in和10 m in能完全破坏HBsAg的抗原性;6.25000 g/L和3.12500 g/L的壳聚糖碘液分别作用5 m in和15 m in能较好地破坏血清中的HBV DNA。提示壳聚糖碘液具有体外灭活乙型肝炎病毒作用。 相似文献